口腔溃疡 oral ulcer - PubMed 文献
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关于 口腔溃疡
口腔溃疡（oral ulcer）是指口腔黏膜上皮完整性发生持续性缺损或破坏，形成的局限性、凹陷性病损，属于口腔黏膜病学（oral mucosal diseases）的范畴。其可表现为复发性阿弗他溃疡（recurrent aphthous ulcer）、创伤性溃疡、感染性溃疡或与系统性疾病相关的溃疡。常见近义词包括口腔黏膜溃疡、口疮、阿弗他口炎（aphthous stomatitis）等。该术语在临床与基础研究中均广泛使用，涉及口腔医学、免疫学、风湿病学及皮肤病学等多个学科。
该方向的研究热点包括复发性阿弗他溃疡的免疫机制与遗传易感性、口腔溃疡与白塞病（Behçet's disease）等系统性疾病的相关性、口腔微生态与溃疡发生的关系、以及局部治疗药物与新型递送系统的开发。经典议题还涉及溃疡的鉴别诊断、疼痛管理及生活质量影响。代表性期刊有《Oral Diseases》《Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine》《Journal of Oral Microbiology》等，学者如 Scully 等在口腔黏膜病领域有较多论述。
PubMed增强版可为关注口腔溃疡的研究者与临床医生提供多项实用功能：支持中英文摘要对照翻译，帮助快速理解非母语文献；展示期刊影响因子与分区，辅助评估文献学术影响力；提供原文PDF下载链接，便于获取全文；并集成AI阅读工具，可自动提炼研究要点、方法学与结论，提升文献筛选与阅读效率。
口腔溃疡 的 PubMed 搜索结果
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Anti-inflammatory effect of HGF responses to oral traumatic ulcers using an HGF-Tg mouse model. 抗炎作用：HGF对口腔创伤性溃疡的应答——基于HGF-Tg小鼠模型的研究
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has been implicated in inhibiting diverse types of inflammation. Oral traumatic ulceration (OTU) is a common disease of the oral mucosa, and inflammation is the main process for ulcer healing. This study aimed to explore the expression of HGF in oral ulcers and its role in ulcer inflammation. The saliva of 14 recurrent alphous stomatitis (RAS) patients, 18 OTU patients and 17 healthy controls was collected. Traumatic ulcers of the left mucosa were observed in 42 wild-type (WT) and 42 HGF-overexpressing transgenic (HGF-Tg) mice. Histological scores, inflammatory cell expression and serum cytokine expression were measured and analyzed on the 5th day. The HGF protein level in ulcer-affected human saliva was 9.3-fold higher than that in healthy saliva. The HGF protein levels in RAS and OTU saliva were 14- and 5.7-fold higher, respectively, than those in healthy saliva. Traumatic ulcers enhanced HGF expression in ulcer-affected oral mucosa and in the blood of C57BL/6 mice by 1.21- and 1.40-fold, respectively. In HGF-Tg mouse traumatic ulcers, HGF expression was 1.34-fold higher than that in wild-type mice. HGF-Tg mice had lower weight loss, less ulcer area and lower histopathology scores than WT mice. The results from immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and serum cytokine analysis showed that HGF-Tg animals presented fewer Ly6G-positive neutrophils and higher levels of circulating inflammatory cytokines. HGF overexpression alleviated weight loss, ulcer area and inflammation, suggesting the role of HGF in promoting the healing of oral ulcers.
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Frequent oral ulceration during early disease may predict a severe disease course in males with Behçet's syndrome. 白塞综合征男性患者早期病程中反复发作的口腔溃疡可能预示严重的疾病进程
The numbers and recurrence rates of mucocutaneous manifestations can be highly variable among patients with Behçet's syndrome (BS) but it is not known whether these differences influence the disease course at the long-term. We evaluated the outcome of 30 patients that made up the placebo arm of a 6 months controlled trial of thalidomide and looked at the relation between the frequencies of mucocutaneous manifestations during the trial and the development of major organ involvement necessitating immunosuppressives during the post-trial period. Fifteen (50%) patients had received immunosuppresives for major organ involvement during the post-trial period. Patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment were significantly younger at the onset of BS compared to those who did not (24.5±5 vs. 29.7±3.8 SD years; p=0.003). The mean number of oral ulcers recorded throughout the trial was significantly higher among patients using immunosuppressives compared to those who did not (2.09±0.96 vs. 1.43±0.8; p=0.029). This significance disappeared when adjusted for age of onset of BS (p=0.16). ROC curve analysis showed that having 10 or more ulcers during 6 months has a sensitivity of 86.7% and a specificity of 53% for the subsequent necessity of immunosuppressive use. The same association was not true for genital ulcers, follicular lesions and erythema nodosum. These findings on a limited number of patients suggest that frequent occurrence of oral ulceration during the initial years of the disease may predict the development of major organ involvement in men with BS.
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Effectiveness of topically applied MEBO in healing of traumatic oral ulcer: Randomized controlled trial. 局部应用MEBO治疗创伤性口腔溃疡的疗效：随机对照试验
MEBO is an analgesic and antibacterial natural agent. Sesame oil extract plays a positive effect in wound healing that may be attributed to its ability to scavenge free radicals and antioxidant properties. In this study, MEBO was topically applied to the site of a traumatic oral ulcer to examine its therapeutic effect on pain relief and wound healing. Patients were randomly assigned into two equal groups: group I (MEBO), group II (control), (n = 15 patients each). Pain was recorded by using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), wound size was measured at days 2, 5, and 10. Cytological analysis was also performed using the superficial epithelial cell and keratinization indices. There was a statistically significant difference in VAS scores and wound size between MEBO group and control group (p ≤ 0.001). Cytological results of MEBO group showed a highly significant improvement (p ≤ 0.00001) in re-epithelization and keratinization indices over time. Our results showed that the application of MEBO on traumatic ulcer sites has a significant improvement in wound healing and rapid enhancing effect on the re-epithelialization rate.
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New mouthwash: an efficacious intervention for oral ulceration associated with Behçet's disease. 新型漱口水：白塞病相关口腔溃疡的有效干预措施
Topical interventions to treat oral ulcers in Behçet's disease (BD) are crucial to control disease activity and improve patients' quality of life. Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a new BD mouthwash (BD MW) for oral ulceration. A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out on 261 BD patients (141 women, mean (SD) age 39.9 (11.8) years, and 120 men, mean (SD) age 41.141(3.7) years). All were assessed using the oral ulcer severity score (OUSS), oral health quality of life (OHQoL), and the Behçet's disease current activity form (BDCAF). Patients were divided into three groups: one group used the BD MW, one group used a betamethasone mouthwash, and the other used no therapeutic mouthwash. Patients were assessed at three and six months. The OUSS in those using the BD MW was nine times lower than it was in those using betamethasone mouthwash (p=0.001), and 12 times lower than it was in the no mouthwash group (p=0.001). Compared with the baseline data, use of the BD MW during the first three months significantly reduced the OUSS, the BDCAF score, and intraoral scarring, and also improved OHQoL (p=0.001, 0.019, 0.012, and 0.001, respectively). Ongoing use of the BD MW after six months significantly improved the OUSS, OHQoL, and intraoral scars, and kept oral and systemic disease activity under control. A total of 20/31 patients reported high levels of satisfaction with its use, and a patients' satisfaction score showed a preference for it. This study confirms the efficacy of the BD MW in patients with recurrent oral ulceration (ROU). It is more efficacious than betamethasone mouthwash used alone.
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Cause of oral ulcers in HIV-infected patients: a study of 19 cases. HIV感染者口腔溃疡的病因：19例病例研究
To study the cause and clinical aspects of oral ulcers in HIV-infected patients. Forty-one consecutive HIV-positive patients with long-standing oral ulcers were examined; 19 were evaluated by biopsy. From these 19 cases, viral, bacterial, and fungal cultures and biopsies were taken in each patient. When indicated, special microbial stains were undertaken to identify bacteria or fungi. Ten cases without granulomatous bacterial fungal or lymphomatous features were available for in situ hybridization to detect viral DNA of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus, and Epstein-Barr virus. Most of the oral ulcers occurred in patients with severe immunodepression. Median CD4 T-lymphocyte count was 60 cell/mm3 (range, 3 to 335). It was ascertained that nine (47%) patients had nonspecific aphthous-like ulcers, and ulcers caused by herpes group viruses were identified in six (31.5%) patients. One (5%) person was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; and in one (5%) patient, multiple ulcers were an expression of lues maligna. Two ulcers (10.5%) in the palate harbored mycotic granulomatous foci (cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis). In this population, almost all of these ulcers were found to be large, persistent, and painful. Nontumefactive oral ulcers in HIV-positive patients may be a source of diagnostic difficulties because of the diverse array of underlying pathologic entities and multiplicity of etiologic agents. Biopsy should always be performed on long-standing ulcers because either infection or a neoplastic process may be extant. In the absence of infection or neoplasm, such lesions are then designated as ulcers not otherwise specified.
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Menrath ulcers in cats: four cases (2014-2023). 猫MENRATH溃疡：四例报告（2014-2023）
To report the clinical presentation, treatment and outcomes of four cats diagnosed with Menrath ulcers causing significant oral haemorrhage. For all cats, data on signalment, history, physical examination, treatment and outcomes were collected by reviewing medical records. Information regarding outcomes was collected from communication logs between primary care veterinarians and owners, and the original case clinicians after discharge of the patient from the hospital. Four cats were included. All patients survived to discharge. Follow-up outcomes were available between 1 and 8.5 months post discharge. Post-operative complications were classified according to The Accordion Severity Classification of Post-operative Complications. Two of the four patients had recurrence of oral haemorrhage post-ligation originating from the major palatine artery. One classified as a severe complication, due to requiring revision surgery of the ipsilateral major palatine artery. The other classified as mild, since the patient was managed conservatively. Additionally, one patient was documented to have developed an acquired palatal defect post-operatively. This is the largest case series of Menrath ulcers to date and the first to describe post-operative complications including acquired palatal defect and recurrence of oral haemorrhage from the original ulcer despite ligation of the ipsilateral major palatine artery.
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Infliximab for the treatment of resistant oral ulcers in Behçet's disease: a case report and review of the literature. 英夫利昔单抗治疗白塞病难治性口腔溃疡：病例报告及文献综述
Recurrent oral and genital ulceration of Behçet's disease can be very distressing. Usually they are responsive to treatment with topical steroids, local anesthetics, oral colchicine and in severe cases steroids and even immuno-suppressive medications such as azathioprine, methotrexate and thalidomide. We describe a case of Behçet's syndrome in a 48-year old woman whose oral ulcers were resistant to a wide range of topical and systemic treatments and remained unchanged for 7 weeks. Administration of a single dose of infliximab resulted in complete remission and recovery of the mouth aphtae within 7 days. We also review the current English medical literature and summarize 5 more cases where anti-TNF agents were used in the treatment of recalcitrant orogenital ulceration in Behçet's disease.
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Oral pemphigus vulgaris in children and adolescents: a review of the literature and a case report. 儿童和青少年口腔寻常型天疱疮：文献综述及病例报告
This paper describes a case of oral pemphigus vulgaris (PV) in a child that was diagnosed in its early stages and managed successfully. The authors also report a literature review. Although oral PV in children and adolescents is extremely rare, it should be included in the differential diagnosis of oral ulcerative disease. It is of utmost importance to diagnose PV in children and adolescents in its initial stages in order to prevent the serious morbidity that may result from the disease, and to institute phamacotherapeutic measures so that they have the greatest effect. Furthermore, it is essential for dentists to be aware of the existence of PV in child and adolescent patients so that they may refer such cases for specialist management without undue delay.
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Foxtail-induced ulcerative stomatitis outbreak in a Missouri stable. 密苏里州某马厩由狐尾草引起的溃疡性口炎暴发
Twenty of 25 horses in a well-managed Missouri boarding stable were diagnosed with gingivitis/stomatitis. Gross examination of the affected horses revealed varying degrees of gingivitis ranging from mild periodontal swelling to marked swelling and erythema with ulceration and hemorrhage. Fine hair-like material was embedded within the intensely affected areas. Gingival biopsies from 4 affected horses contained pyogranulomatous inflammation with, in some cases, numerous eosinophils and several grass awns in cross and longitudinal section. Numerous foxtail seed heads were identified in hay samples. Examination of the records revealed that all of the affected horses had been fed the suspect hay, with the exception of 1 horse. Although not deliberately fed the suspect hay, this horse did have access to the hay when turned out into the exercise paddock. The lesions resolved following a change in hay source.
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Low-level laser therapy as adjunctive treatment for a sodium hypochlorite accident: a case report. 低强度激光疗法作为次氯酸钠事故辅助治疗：病例报告
A 39-year-old woman sought specialized treatment complaining of a large, painful oral ulcer in the right buccal vestibule after receiving emergency endodontic treatment 3 days earlier. The patient reported that the tooth, the mandibular right first premolar, was not isolated with a rubber dam and that she felt the extrusion of a liquid in the buccal tissues. Clinically, a necrotic area with raised erythematous borders was observed in the mandibular right side. The clinical diagnosis was a chemically induced ulcer caused by a sodium hypochlorite accident. Dexamethasone and amoxicillin were prescribed to control pain and prevent secondary infection. The large size of the lesion was an indication for application of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), which was delivered at a wavelength of 685 nm (output power, 30 mW; power density, 0.5 mW⁄cm2 ; energy density, 6 J⁄cm2 ) every 2 days for a total of 6 sessions. The LLLT was applied to the necrotic area with a punctual mode (2 points) for 12 seconds per point. The patient reported a substantial reduction in pain after the second application, and the wound was completely healed after 6 sessions. The results observed in this patient suggest that LLLT could aid patients in recovering from NaOCl-related lesions.