紫苏籽油对高脂饮食喂养大鼠高脂血症和肠道微生物群失调的营养质量、元素安全性和预防作用的系统评价
Systematic Evaluation of the Nutritional Quality, Elemental Safety, and Preventive Effects of Perilla Seed Oil on Hyperlipidemia and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats.
摘要(中文译文)
紫苏籽油（PSO）是一种高营养价值的油脂，广泛用于功能性食品，来源于紫苏的成熟种子。本研究旨在系统评价PSO的营养特性和安全性，并探讨其调脂作用及高脂血症条件下肠道菌群的潜在变化。通过将PSO（经种子清理、冷压榨、过滤和溶剂提取制备）与15种代表性植物油进行比较，重点分析脂肪酸组成、总酚和总黄酮含量、金属元素及理化指标，以评价其营养特性。通过昆明小鼠急性经口毒性试验（剂量：2.5、5、10 g/kg）结合一般观察、组织病理学检查和血清生化分析评估PSO的安全性。此外，建立高脂饮食（HFD）诱导的高脂血症Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠模型，采用血清生化检测、肝脏病理检查、16S rRNA基因测序和短链脂肪酸（SCFA）分析，探讨PSO的调脂作用及其对肠道菌群的调控作用。PSO在所测油脂中α-亚麻酸（ALA）含量最高，且不饱和脂肪酸比例良好。值得注意的是，PSO富含锌且不含毒性元素。在高脂饮食喂养的大鼠中，10 g/kg PSO显著降低血清总胆固醇（TC）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平，升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C），并减轻肝脏损伤。此外，PSO通过富集益生菌群和提高肠道短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）生成，尤其是丙酸和丁酸，调节肠道菌群。PSO是一种营养丰富且安全的食用油，具有显著的调脂特性，凸显其作为预防脂质代谢紊乱的饮食干预措施的潜力。
Abstract
Perilla seed oil (PSO) is a high-nutritional-value oil and widely used in functional foods, and derives from the mature seeds of . This study aimed to systematically evaluate the nutritional characteristics and safety of PSO, as well as to investigate its lipid-modulating effects and the underlying changes in gut microbiota in hyperlipidemic conditions. The nutritional characteristics of PSO (prepared via seed cleaning, cold-pressing, filtration, and solvent extraction) were evaluated by comparing it with 15 representative vegetable oils, focusing on fatty acid composition, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, metal elements, and physicochemical indices. The safety of PSO was assessed through acute oral toxicity testing in Kunming mice (doses: 2.5, 5, 10 g/kg) with general observations, histopathological examination, and serum biochemical analysis. Additionally, a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model was established to explore PSO's lipid-modulating effects and its regulatory role in gut microbiota, using serum biochemical detection, liver pathology examination, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) analysis. PSO possessed the highest α-linolenic acid (ALA) content among the tested oils, along with a favorable unsaturated fatty acid ratio. Notably, PSO was rich in zinc and free of toxic elements. In HFD-fed rats, 10 g/kg PSO significantly reduced serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and alleviated hepatic damage. Moreover, PSO modulated gut microbiota by enriching probiotic populations and elevating intestinal production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly propionate and butyrate. PSO is a nutritionally rich and safe edible oil with notable lipid-modulating properties, highlighting its potential as a dietary intervention for preventing lipid metabolism disorders.
如何引用
AMA
Jianfeng Chang, Peng Hu, Peiyi Zhang, Xue Yang, Peiyan Ai, Junjie Wei, et al. Systematic Evaluation of the Nutritional Quality, Elemental Safety, and Preventive Effects of Perilla Seed Oil on Hyperlipidemia and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats.. Nutrients. 2026; doi:10.3390/nu18132149.
APA
Jianfeng Chang, Peng Hu, Peiyi Zhang, Xue Yang, Peiyan Ai, Junjie Wei, et al (2026). Systematic Evaluation of the Nutritional Quality, Elemental Safety, and Preventive Effects of Perilla Seed Oil on Hyperlipidemia and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats.. Nutrients. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18132149
GB/T 7714
Jianfeng Chang, Peng Hu, Peiyi Zhang, Xue Yang, Peiyan Ai, Junjie Wei, et al. Systematic Evaluation of the Nutritional Quality, Elemental Safety, and Preventive Effects of Perilla Seed Oil on Hyperlipidemia and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats.[J]. Nutrients, 2026 doi:10.3390/nu18132149.
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