衰老中的蛋白质摄入和认知健康：与肌少症和饮食选择的关系，一篇叙述性综述
Protein Consumption and Cognitive Health in Aging: Associations with Sarcopenia and Dietary Options, a Narrative Review.
摘要(中文译文)
日益加剧的老龄化人口是慢性、长期健康问题的主要驱动因素。老年人群中认知衰退的患病率不断上升，已成为紧迫的公共卫生问题，其原因在于其对健康和社会照护的影响以及对家庭成员造成的情感负担。一个较少为人所知的疾病是肌少症（sarcopenia）——与年龄相关的骨骼肌质量和功能的衰弱性丧失，导致虚弱以及活动能力、生活质量和社会独立性的丧失。这两种健康状况均缺乏明确的药物治疗路径。因此，饮食和营养在疾病预防方面受到了最多的关注。本综述评估了关于肌少症与认知衰退之间关联的研究，以及这两种状况如何可能与蛋白质摄入相关联。尽管研究结果可能尚无定论或存在矛盾，但较高的蛋白质摄入可能对身体健康和认知健康的衰退具有保护作用，无论是单独起作用还是与运动协同作用。证据支持推荐老年人的每日蛋白质摄入量高于当前指南的0.8 g/kg/d。证据表明，健康的饮食模式如地中海饮食似乎对老年人的认知健康产生积极影响。此外，本综述还考察了特定高蛋白食物（包括鸡蛋、大豆和乳制品）对认知健康的影响，同样提示其摄入可能有助于减轻认知衰退。针对希望增加蛋白质摄入并预防或延缓这些健康状况发生的老年人群的功能性食品，可能在预防性营养中发挥重要作用，尤其是当其围绕似乎对认知健康有积极影响的高蛋白食物进行配方设计时。
Abstract
The growing aging population is a primary driver of chronic, long-term health conditions. The rising prevalence of cognitive decline in older populations is a pressing public health issue due to its impact on health and social care and its emotional toll on family members. A lesser-known condition is sarcopenia-the age-related debilitating loss of skeletal muscle mass and function which leads to weakness and loss of mobility, quality of life and social independence. Neither health condition has a clear pharmacological treatment pathway. Diet and nutrition have therefore received the most attention for disease prevention. This review evaluates the research on the association between sarcopenia and cognitive decline and how both conditions may be linked to protein intake. While findings can be inconclusive or contradictory, a higher consumption of protein may protect against declines in physical and cognitive health, either acting separately or synergistically with exercise. The evidence supports the recommendation for a daily intake of protein higher than the current guideline of 0.8 g/kg/d for older people. Evidence suggests that healthy dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet appear to positively influence cognitive health in older people. Furthermore, the impact of specific high-protein foods, including egg, soy and dairy foods, on cognitive health has been reviewed, again with a suggestion that their consumption may mitigate against cognitive decline. Functional foods aimed at the aging population who wish to increase their protein intake and avert or delay the onset of these health conditions could play an important role in preventive nutrition, especially if they are formulated around the protein-rich foods which appear to positively impact cognitive health.
如何引用
AMA
David McCarthy, Aloys Berg. Protein Consumption and Cognitive Health in Aging: Associations with Sarcopenia and Dietary Options, a Narrative Review.. Nutrients. 2026; doi:10.3390/nu18132148.
APA
David McCarthy, Aloys Berg (2026). Protein Consumption and Cognitive Health in Aging: Associations with Sarcopenia and Dietary Options, a Narrative Review.. Nutrients. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18132148
GB/T 7714
David McCarthy, Aloys Berg. Protein Consumption and Cognitive Health in Aging: Associations with Sarcopenia and Dietary Options, a Narrative Review.[J]. Nutrients, 2026 doi:10.3390/nu18132148.
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