复杂的3D模型能否有效地取代2D和动物模型来研究胰腺癌症研究中的微肿瘤免疫轴？
Can Complex 3D Models Effectively Replace 2D and Animal Models to Investigate the Microbe-Tumor-Immune Axis in Pancreatic Cancer Studies?
摘要(中文译文)
肿瘤微生物组被认为与胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC）治疗反应不佳有关，这要求开发新方法来理解治疗中的宿主-微生物相互作用。传统的二维系统虽被广泛使用，但由于无法充分呈现结构、免疫和基质成分，未能充分再现人类PDAC。癌症特异性微生物组的差异、微生物-免疫相互作用以及PDAC特有的独特生理和免疫抑制特征，阻碍了免疫疗法的临床转化。整合人类微生物-肿瘤-免疫（MTI）轴的可重复三维培养系统是治疗研究的一条有前景的途径，但在PDAC中仍未被充分探索。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们讨论了治疗耐药的关键微生物决定因素，探讨了其他癌症类型中当前的三维多细胞建模方法，并为PDAC中类似的整合性转化模型提供了前进路径。
Abstract
The tumor microbiome has been implicated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC)'s poor response to treatment, demanding new methods for understanding host-microbe interactions in therapy. Traditional 2D systems, while widely used, fail to adequately recapitulate human PDAC due to insufficient representation of structural, immunological and stromal components. Differences in cancer-specific microbiomes, microbe-immune interactions, and the unique physiological and immunosuppressive features unique to PDAC have hindered the clinical translation of immune therapies. Reproducible 3D culture systems that integrate the human microbe-tumor-immune (MTI) axis represent a promising avenue for treatment research, yet they remain underexplored in PDAC. In this narrative review, we discuss the key microbial determinants of therapy resistance, explore the current 3D multicellular modeling approaches in other cancer types, and provide a path forward for similar integrative translational models in PDAC.
如何引用
AMA
Fathima Zahraa Ozeer, Jemila Caplan Kester. Can Complex 3D Models Effectively Replace 2D and Animal Models to Investigate the Microbe-Tumor-Immune Axis in Pancreatic Cancer Studies?. Nutrients. 2026; doi:10.3390/nu18132113.
APA
Fathima Zahraa Ozeer, Jemila Caplan Kester (2026). Can Complex 3D Models Effectively Replace 2D and Animal Models to Investigate the Microbe-Tumor-Immune Axis in Pancreatic Cancer Studies?. Nutrients. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18132113
GB/T 7714
Fathima Zahraa Ozeer, Jemila Caplan Kester. Can Complex 3D Models Effectively Replace 2D and Animal Models to Investigate the Microbe-Tumor-Immune Axis in Pancreatic Cancer Studies?[J]. Nutrients, 2026 doi:10.3390/nu18132113.
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