用于增强从海水中提取铀的工程传质优化层状结构
Engineering Mass-Transfer-Optimized Lamellar Structures for Enhanced Uranium Extraction From Seawater.
摘要(中文译文)
高效海水提铀（UES）为缓解日益增长的陆地铀资源压力、支撑可持续核能发展提供了潜在策略。值得注意的是，基于聚酰胺肟（PAO）的吸附材料因其高亲水性和多位点配位能力，已成为UES应用中具有前景的候选材料。本文通过定向冷冻铸造工艺合成了由PAO与羟基磷灰石纳米线（HAPNWs）组成的整体式气凝胶（简称PAOHNs），并优化了其传质效率。根据PAO与HAPNWs的质量比不同，气凝胶形貌呈现出从连续多孔网络结构（PAOHNs-1）到垂直排列层状结构（PAOHNs-3）的明显演变，后者有利于改善扩散路径并实现铀酰离子的高效吸附。基于COMSOL Multiphysics模拟，对孔结构、通道尺寸及Langmuir常数等关键结构参数进行了系统优化，从而将材料创新与计算建模相结合，为高性能UES吸附材料的理性设计提供指导。尽管PAOHNs-1具有更高的比表面积和孔体积，但PAOHNs-3对铀酰离子表现出更高的总体吸附速率。在100 L天然海水中进行20天循环过滤后，PAOHNs-3的铀提取容量达到12.5 mg g，凸显了其在实际应用及复杂海洋环境中长期铀回收方面的潜力。
Abstract
Efficient uranium extraction from seawater (UES) offers a potential strategy to alleviate the growing pressure on terrestrial uranium resources and support sustainable nuclear energy development. Notably, polyamidoxime (PAO)-based adsorbents have emerged as promising candidates for UES application due to their high hydrophilicity and multi-site coordination capability. Herein, monolithic aerogels composed of PAO and hydroxyapatite nanowires (HAPNWs), abbreviated as PAOHNs, with optimized mass transfer efficiency were synthesized via a directional freeze casting process. Depending on the PAO-to-HAPNWs mass ratio, the aerogel morphology exhibited distinct evolution from a continuous porous network structure (PAOHNs-1) to a vertically aligned lamellar structure (PAOHNs-3), which facilitates improved diffusion pathways and efficient adsorption of uranyl ions. Based on COMSOL Multiphysics simulations, key structural parameters such as pore structure, channel size, and the Langmuir constants were systematically optimized, thereby bridging material innovation with computational modeling to guide the rational design of high-performance UES adsorbents. Although PAOHNs-1 possessed higher specific surface area and pore volume, PAOHNs-3 exhibited a higher overall adsorption rate toward uranyl ions. After 20 days of cyclic filtration in 100 L of natural seawater, PAOHNs-3 achieved the uranium extraction capacity of 12.5 mg g, which highlights its potential for practical deployment and long-term uranium recovery in complex marine environments.
如何引用
AMA
Yuexiang Wang, Bo Hu, Hongjian Ge, Xueqi Ma, Chunhui Zhou, Pengqi Yang, et al. Engineering Mass-Transfer-Optimized Lamellar Structures for Enhanced Uranium Extraction From Seawater.. Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany). 2026; doi:10.1002/smll.74982.
APA
Yuexiang Wang, Bo Hu, Hongjian Ge, Xueqi Ma, Chunhui Zhou, Pengqi Yang, et al (2026). Engineering Mass-Transfer-Optimized Lamellar Structures for Enhanced Uranium Extraction From Seawater.. Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany). https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.74982
GB/T 7714
Yuexiang Wang, Bo Hu, Hongjian Ge, Xueqi Ma, Chunhui Zhou, Pengqi Yang, et al. Engineering Mass-Transfer-Optimized Lamellar Structures for Enhanced Uranium Extraction From Seawater.[J]. Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2026 doi:10.1002/smll.74982.
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