疟疾 malaria - PubMed 文献(第 4 页)
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疟疾 的 PubMed 搜索结果(第 4 页)
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Malaria serology data from the Guiana shield: first insight in IgG antibody responses to Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium malariae antigens in Suriname. 圭亚那地盾的疟疾血清学数据：苏里南抗恶性疟原虫、间日疟原虫和三日疟原虫抗原IgG抗体应答的首次洞察
Suriname has accomplished a steep decline in malaria burden, even reaching elimination levels. Plasmodium serology data are not available for Suriname and even extremely scarce within the region, therefore malaria serology testing was introduced, country customized cut-off values were determined and a study was performed to explore the antibody status for Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium malariae. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between July 2017 and March 2018 in two areas of the interior with different malaria settings: Stoelmanseiland, representing Maroon villages and Benzdorp, a gold mining area, with mostly Brazilian miners. Dried blood spots (DBS) were collected (n = 197) and antibody presence against seven Plasmodium antigens was detected using a multiplex bead-based, IgG antibody assay. Demographic information was gathered through a questionnaire. Country customized cut-off values were generated from a Surinamese malaria-naïve reference population (n = 50). Serological analysis for the reference population revealed cut-off values ranging from 14 MFI for LSA-1 to 177 MFI for PmMSP-1. Seroprevalence against any of the three MSP-1 antibodies was similar in both regions and surpassed 75%. Single seropositivity against PfMSP-1 antibodies was higher in Stoelmanseiland (27.0%) than Benzdorp (9.3%), in line with the historical malaria burden of Stoelmanseiland, while the reverse was observed for PvMSP-1 antibodies. Despite sporadic reports of P. malariae infections, PmMSP-1 antibody presence was 39.6%. A more detailed examination of P. falciparum serology data displayed a higher seroprevalence in villagers (90.7%) than in Brazilians (64.6%) and a highly diverse antigenic response with 22 distinct antibody combinations. The results on the malaria antibody signature of Maroon villagers and Brazilian miners living in Suriname displayed a high Plasmodium seroprevalence, especially for P. falciparum in villagers, still reflecting the historical malaria burden. The seroprevalence data for both regions and the observed combinations of P. falciparum antibodies provided a valuable dataset from a historically important region to the international malaria serology knowledge. First insight in malaria serology data for Suriname indicated that the use of other target groups and assessment of age-dependent seroprevalence are required to successfully use malaria serology as tool in the national elimination strategy.
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Malaria surveillance--United States, 2004. 疟疾监测——美国，2004年
Malaria in humans is caused by any of four species of intraerythrocytic protozoa of the genus Plasmodium (i.e., P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, or P. malariae). These parasites are transmitted by the bite of an infective female Anopheles sp. mosquito. The majority of malaria infections in the United States occur among persons who have traveled to areas with ongoing malaria transmission. In the United States, cases can occur through exposure to infected blood products, congenital transmission, or local mosquitoborne transmission. Malaria surveillance is conducted to identify episodes of local transmission and to guide prevention recommendations for travelers. This report summarizes cases in persons with onset of illness in 2004 and summarizes trends during previous years. Malaria cases confirmed by blood film are mandated to be reported to local and state health departments by health-care providers or laboratory staff. Case investigations are conducted by local and state health departments, and reports are transmitted to CDC through the National Malaria Surveillance System (NMSS). Data from NMSS serve as the basis for this report. CDC received reports of 1,324 cases of malaria, including four fatal cases, with an onset of symptoms in 2004 among persons in the United States or one of its territories. This number represents an increase of 3.6% from the 1,278 cases reported for 2003. P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae, and P. ovale were identified in 49.6%, 23.8%, 3.6%, and 2.0% of cases, respectively. Seventeen patients (1.3% of total) were infected by two or more species. The infecting species was unreported or undetermined in 262 (19.8%) cases. Compared with 2003, the number of reported malaria cases acquired in the Americas (n = 173) increased 17.7%, whereas the number of cases acquired in Asia (n = 172) and Africa (n = 809) decreased 2.8% and 3.7%, respectively. Of 775 U.S. civilians who acquired malaria abroad, only 160 (20.6%) reported that they had followed a chemoprophylactic drug regimen recommended by CDC for the area to which they had traveled. Four patients became infected in the United States; three cases were attributed to congenital transmission and one to laboratory-related mosquitoborne transmission. Four deaths were attributed to malaria, including two caused by P. falciparum, one by P. vivax, and one by a mixed infection with P. falciparum and P. malariae. The 3.6% increase in malaria cases in 2004, compared with 2003, resulted primarily from an increase in the number of cases acquired in the Americas but was offset by a decrease in the number of cases acquired in Africa and Asia. This limited increase might reflect local changes in disease transmission, increased travel to regions in which malaria is endemic, or fluctuations in reporting to state and local health departments. These changes likely reflect expected variation in annual reporting and should not be interpreted as indicating a longer-term trend. In the majority of reported cases, U.S. civilians who acquired infection abroad had not adhered to a chemoprophylaxis regimen that was appropriate for the country in which they acquired malaria. Additional investigations were conducted for the four fatal cases and four infections acquired in the United States. Persons traveling to a malarious area should take one of the recommended chemoprophylaxis regimens appropriate for the region of travel and use personal protection measures to prevent mosquito bites. Any person who has been to a malarious area and who subsequently has a fever or influenza-like symptoms should seek medical care immediately and report their travel history to the clinician; investigation should include a blood-film test for malaria. Malaria infections can be fatal if not diagnosed and treated promptly. Recommendations concerning malaria prevention can be obtained from CDC at http://www.cdc.gov/travel or by calling the Malaria Hotline at telephone 770-488-7788. Recommendations concerning malaria treatment can be obtained at http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/diagnosis_treatment/treatment.htm or by calling the Malaria Hotline.
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A panel of recombinant proteins from human-infective Plasmodium species for serological surveillance. 用于血清学监测的一组来自人类感染性疟原虫物种的重组蛋白
Malaria remains a global health problem and accurate surveillance of Plasmodium parasites that are responsible for this disease is required to guide the most effective distribution of control measures. Serological surveillance will be particularly important in areas of low or periodic transmission because patient antibody responses can provide a measure of historical exposure. While methods for detecting host antibody responses to Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax are well established, development of serological assays for Plasmodium knowlesi, Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae have been inhibited by a lack of immunodiagnostic candidates due to the limited availability of genomic information. Using the recently completed genome sequences from P. malariae, P. ovale and P. knowlesi, a set of 33 candidate cell surface and secreted blood-stage antigens was selected and expressed in a recombinant form using a mammalian expression system. These proteins were added to an existing panel of antigens from P. falciparum and P. vivax and the immunoreactivity of IgG, IgM and IgA immunoglobulins from individuals diagnosed with infections to each of the five different Plasmodium species was evaluated by ELISA. Logistic regression modelling was used to quantify the ability of the responses to determine prior exposure to the different Plasmodium species. Using sera from European travellers with diagnosed Plasmodium infections, antigens showing species-specific immunoreactivity were identified to select a panel of 22 proteins from five Plasmodium species for serological profiling. The immunoreactivity to the antigens in the panel of sera taken from travellers and individuals living in malaria-endemic regions with diagnosed infections showed moderate power to predict infections by each species, including P. ovale, P. malariae and P. knowlesi. Using a larger set of patient samples and logistic regression modelling it was shown that exposure to P. knowlesi could be accurately detected (AUC = 91%) using an antigen panel consisting of the P. knowlesi orthologues of MSP10, P12 and P38. Using the recent availability of genome sequences to all human-infective Plasmodium spp. parasites and a method of expressing Plasmodium proteins in a secreted functional form, an antigen panel has been compiled that will be useful to determine exposure to these parasites.
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Erythrocyte Fy antigen phenotyping helps differentiate so-called benign tertian malarias. 红细胞Fy抗原表型分析有助于区分所谓的良性间日疟
Isolated cases of malaria are increasing in frequency in nonendemic countries. Blood film examination remains a mainstay of diagnosis of these sporadic cases because immunologic and molecular methods are unavailable, expensive, and problematic. Two tertian malarial species, Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale, may appear to be similar morphologically. Plasmodium ovale infection is infrequent, and misdiagnosis of this species is common. Plasmodium vivax infection can be ruled out, however, if a patient's erythrocytes phenotype as Fy(a-b-), because these cells completely resist entry by the latter species.
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Prevalence of malaria infection in Sarbaz, Sistan and Bluchistan province. 锡斯坦-俾路支斯坦省萨尔巴兹疟疾感染的流行率
To survey malaria prevalence in Sarbaz from April 2009 to October 2010. Epidemiological data of 1 464 confirmed malarial patients were analyzed according to demographic status, sex, age, nationality, isolated species and residence place. The majority of patients were male 950 (64.8%) but 514 (35.2%) were female. 82.5% of patients were Iranian, 14% Pakistani immigrants, and 3.5% Afghan immigrants. Data collected showed that 90% of isolated species were Plasmodium vivax, 7.8% Plasmodium falciparum, and 2.2% Plasmodium malariae and mixed species. Therefore, it is crystal clear that refugees should be prohibited by government and controlled by experts in health centers in order to campaign effectively with this life threating disease.
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Varied Prevalence of Antimalarial Drug Resistance Markers in Different Populations of Newly Arrived Refugees in Uganda. 乌干达新抵达难民中不同人群抗疟药耐药标记的多样流行率
Newly arrived refugees offer insights into malaria epidemiology in their countries of origin. We evaluated asymptomatic refugee children within 7 days of arrival in Uganda from South Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in 2022 for parasitemia, parasite species, and Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance markers. Asymptomatic P. falciparum infections were common in both populations. Coinfection with P. malariae was more common in DRC refugees. Prevalences of markers of aminoquinoline resistance (PfCRT K76T, PfMDR1 N86Y) were much higher in South Sudan refugees, of antifolate resistance (PfDHFR C59R and I164L, PfDHPS A437G, K540E, and A581G) much higher in DRC refugees, and of artemisinin partial resistance (ART-R; PfK13 C469Y and A675V) moderate in both populations. Prevalences of most mutations differed from those seen in Ugandans attending health centers near the refugee centers. Refugee evaluations yielded insights into varied malaria epidemiology and identified markers of ART-R in 2 previously little-studied countries.
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Molecular characterisation of airport malaria: four cases in France during summer 1999. 机场疟疾的分子特征鉴定：1999年夏季法国四例病例
Four airport malaria cases have been observed in the vicinity of the Roissy-Charles-de-Gaulle International Airport, Paris, France. These cases were geographically very close to each other and clustered in a short period of time during the summer of 1999. The phenotype and genotype of the Plasmodium falciparum isolates obtained from these patients were determined in order to know whether a single mosquito could have infected more than one subject. The genomic characterisation of isolates was performed using the polymorphic markers merozoite surface protein 1 (Msp 1) and merozoite surface protein 2 (Msp 2) genes, the kappa and omega repeats domains of cg2 and the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) genotypes. Results showed identical genotypes for isolates 1, 2 and 4 whereas the genotype of isolate 3 differed at one locus. The molecular analysis was consistent with the hypothesis that all patients could have been bitten by the same mosquito and that patient 3, may have received a different clone and an additional species. In vitro susceptibility data did not confirm or rule out this hypothesis because isolates had the same profile of susceptibility to the tested drugs.
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Periodic and chaotic host-parasite interactions in human malaria. 人类疟疾中周期性和混沌的宿主-寄生虫相互作用
It has been recognized since ancient times that malaria fever is highly periodic but the mechanism has been poorly understood. Malaria fever is related to the parasite growth cycle in erythrocytes. After a fixed period of replication, a mature parasite (schizont) causes the infected erythrocyte to rupture, releasing progeny that quickly invade other erythrocytes. Simultaneous rupture of a large number of schizonts stimulates a host fever response. Febrile temperatures are damaging to Plasmodium falciparum, particularly in the second half of its 48-hr replicative cycle. Using a mathematical model, we show that these interactions naturally tend to generate periodic fever. The model predicts chaotic parasite population dynamics at high multiplication rates, consistent with the classical observation that P. falciparum causes less regular fever than other species of parasite.
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Antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen and P. falciparum and P. malariae circumsporozoite proteins: seasonal prevalence in Kenyan villages. 抗恶性疟原虫环状体感染红细胞表面抗原抗体及抗恶性疟原虫和三日疟原虫环子孢子蛋白抗体：肯尼亚村庄的季节性流行率
Two cross-sectional surveys of 954 persons in Asembo Bay and Got Nyabondo, western Kenya, were performed in August-September 1986, after long rains, and in February-March 1987, after a comparatively dry season. Serologic testing was performed using an ELISA with synthetic peptides representing repeat amino acid sequences of the Plasmodium falciparum ring-infected erythrocyte surface antigen (RESA), (EENV)5, (EENVEHDA)4, and (DDEHVEEPTVA)2 and repeat sequences (PNAN)5 and (NAAG)5 of the P. falciparum and P. malariae circumsporozoite proteins. In 1986, 45%, 73%, 72%, 85%, and 59% of the persons in Asembo Bay had antibodies to the respective peptides. In Got Nyabondo, the rates were 44%, 67%, 56%, 36%, and 41%, respectively. All positivity rates increased with age. When next determined in 1987, the positivity rates and levels of reactivity were generally unchanged in Asembo Bay, but were decreased in Got Nyabondo.
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Evolutionary Ecology of Avian Malaria: Past to Present. 禽疟疾的进化生态学：从过去到现在
Avian malaria is the oldest experimental system for investigating the biology and transmission of Plasmodium parasites. Recent molecular protocols for detecting and characterizing avian malaria lineages in the field are providing an ever-growing picture of the prevalence, distribution, host range, and diversity hotspots of avian malaria across the world. The unparalleled genetic diversity uncovered rivals anything that has been found in other vertebrate malarias and seems to be matched by an equally rich phenotypic diversity, providing endless opportunities for exploring the selective pressures under which hosts and parasites evolve. We review the most important milestones in avian Plasmodium research and explain why this is a unique animal model to understand the ecology and evolution of malaria.