ProLM：一种用于普通人群的血浆蛋白质组学预训练模型
ProLM: a plasma proteomics pretrained model for the general population.
摘要(中文译文)
血浆蛋白质组学可提供人体健康的动态分子读数，但在人群队列中学习可泛化蛋白质表达模式的模型仍然有限。本文展示，ProLM——一个基于BERT的血浆蛋白质组学模型，在15，499名相对健康的英国生物银行（UK Biobank）参与者上预训练——能够捕捉基线蛋白质表达关系，并支持对16种常见慢性疾病的预测。经过疾病特异性微调后，ProLM衍生的蛋白质组风险评分在全部16种疾病中优于Age+Sex模型，在14种疾病中优于心血管疾病（ASCVD）风险方程，在11种疾病中优于包含35个变量的临床PANEL评分。模型解读突出了包括GDF15在内的蛋白质，其表达在临床诊断前超过15年即发生变化，关键发现在中国嘉道理生物银行（China Kadoorie Biobank）中进行了外部评估。这些结果支持将血浆蛋白质组学预训练模型作为早期慢性病风险分层的工具，但在临床实施前仍需前瞻性验证。
Abstract
Plasma proteomics can provide a dynamic molecular readout of human health, but models that learn generalizable protein-expression patterns in population cohorts remain limited. Here we show that ProLM, a BERT-based plasma proteomics model pretrained on 15,499 relatively healthy UK Biobank participants, captures baseline protein-expression relationships and supports prediction of 16 common chronic diseases. After disease-specific fine-tuning, the ProLM-derived proteomic risk score outperformed the Age+Sex model for all 16 diseases, the cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk equation for 14 diseases and a 35-variable clinical PANEL score for 11 diseases. Model interpretation highlighted proteins including GDF15 whose expression changed more than 15 years before clinical diagnosis, and key findings were externally evaluated in the China Kadoorie Biobank. These results support plasma proteomics pretrained models as tools for early chronic-disease risk stratification, while prospective validation is needed before clinical implementation.
如何引用
AMA
Shizheng Qiu, Ming Zhao, Xin Chen, Zhishuai Zhang, Huanyu You, Xu Sun, et al. ProLM: a plasma proteomics pretrained model for the general population.. Nature communications. 2026; doi:10.1038/s41467-026-75507-6.
APA
Shizheng Qiu, Ming Zhao, Xin Chen, Zhishuai Zhang, Huanyu You, Xu Sun, et al (2026). ProLM: a plasma proteomics pretrained model for the general population.. Nature communications. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75507-6
GB/T 7714
Shizheng Qiu, Ming Zhao, Xin Chen, Zhishuai Zhang, Huanyu You, Xu Sun, et al. ProLM: a plasma proteomics pretrained model for the general population.[J]. Nature communications, 2026 doi:10.1038/s41467-026-75507-6.
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