通过电场辅助有机酸控制实现无结垢电膜结晶
Scaling‑free electro‑membrane crystallization enabled by electric field-assisted organic acid control.
摘要(中文译文)
矿物结垢由浓差极化驱动，是用于从锂离子电池（LIB）浸出液中回收有价金属的电膜技术中不可避免的挑战。在此，我们阐明了协同结垢机制，并提出了电场辅助有机酸控制（eF-OAC）原理，以在实现金属回收的同时防止膜矿物结垢。eF-OAC利用电场将有机酸引导进入膜基质，在膜基质中配体-金属配位作用溶解富含氢氧化物的垢层，并调动金属物种进行选择性传输和结晶。动态实验分析表明，浓差极化使金属氢氧化物在膜界面和膜孔中富集。静态密度泛函理论计算进一步证明，有机配体在热力学上比磺酸基团更有利于与金属氢氧化物配位，从而能够从膜上靶向溶解垢层。借助这种分子层面的选择性，eF-OAC将垢转化为可回收的结晶产物。在优化的电膜结晶过程中，该eF-OAC实现了Li 97.6%、Ni 95.3%、Co 94.2%和Mn 97.8%的高回收率。它还进一步产出高纯度的LiSO（99.4%）、Ni(OH)（99.2%）、Co(OH)（99.0%）和MnO（99.3%）。本研究阐明了矿物结垢的机制，并展示了一种无结垢方法，将污染负担转化为废旧LIB的有价值资源回收。
Abstract
Mineral scaling, driven by concentration polarization, is an inevitable challenge in electro-membrane technologies for recovering valuable metals from lithium-ion battery (LIB) leachates. Here, we elucidate the synergistic scaling mechanism and propose an electric field-assisted organic acid control (eF-OAC) principle to prevent membrane mineral scaling while enabling metal recovery. The eF-OAC utilizes an electric field to direct organic acids into the membrane matrix, where ligand-metal coordination dissolves hydroxide-rich scale and mobilizes metal species for selective transport and crystallization. Dynamic experimental analysis reveals that concentration polarization enriches metal hydroxides at the membrane interfaces and pores. Static density functional theory calculations further demonstrate that organic ligands are thermodynamically favored over sulfonate groups for coordinating metal hydroxides, enabling targeted dissolution from the membrane. Leveraging this molecular-level selectivity, the eF-OAC converts scale into recoverable crystalline products. In optimized electro-membrane crystallization, this eF-OAC achieves high recovery rates of 97.6% for Li, 95.3% for Ni, 94.2% for Co, and 97.8% for Mn. It further yields high-purity LiSO (99.4%), Ni(OH) (99.2%), Co(OH) (99.0%), and MnO (99.3%). This study clarifies the mechanisms of mineral scaling and demonstrates a scaling-free approach that transforms fouling liabilities into valuable resource recovery for spent LIBs.
如何引用
AMA
Yangbo Qiu, Xue Yan, Lei Xia, Jefferson Zhe Liu, Yan Zhao, Kaimin Shih, et al. Scaling‑free electro‑membrane crystallization enabled by electric field-assisted organic acid control.. Nature communications. 2026; doi:10.1038/s41467-026-75277-1.
APA
Yangbo Qiu, Xue Yan, Lei Xia, Jefferson Zhe Liu, Yan Zhao, Kaimin Shih, et al (2026). Scaling‑free electro‑membrane crystallization enabled by electric field-assisted organic acid control.. Nature communications. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75277-1
GB/T 7714
Yangbo Qiu, Xue Yan, Lei Xia, Jefferson Zhe Liu, Yan Zhao, Kaimin Shih, et al. Scaling‑free electro‑membrane crystallization enabled by electric field-assisted organic acid control.[J]. Nature communications, 2026 doi:10.1038/s41467-026-75277-1.
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