了解韩国年轻女性宫颈癌预防的障碍和促进因素：一项焦点小组访谈研究
Understanding barriers and facilitators to cervical cancer prevention among young Korean Women: A focus group interview study.
摘要(中文译文)
宫颈癌在很大程度上是一种可预防、可控制的疾病。社会对性经历和妇科就诊的看法导致了污名化，而污名化是筛查和人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种的主要障碍。本研究探讨了污名化如何在社会文化规范和个人心理障碍中形成并得到强化。研究于2024年11月23日对14名20~29岁的韩国女性进行了焦点小组访谈，分为已筛查组和未筛查组。基于访谈转录文本，采用主题分析法对转录文本进行分析，将编码归纳为核心主题（遵循定性研究报告规范）。共28个编码被归纳为10个亚主题，并按组别进行分类。其中，3个亚主题为已筛查组和未筛查组所共有，包括对妇科就诊的负面认知、与性传播疾病相关的污名化以及因信息缺乏导致的障碍。已筛查组中识别出4个亚主题：对筛查替代通知方式的期望、筛查的心理障碍、就诊时额外检查带来的负担感，以及因感知到他人偏见而不愿分享筛查经历。未筛查组中识别出3个亚主题：对宫颈癌患者的污名化以及对宫颈癌敏感性的认知不足。为促进宫颈癌预防行为，必须将污名化作为社会过程而非仅仅是个体问题来加以应对。切实可行的解决方案包括营造可预期的筛查环境（例如事先通知检查流程及经知情同意后的额外检查）、改善以患者为中心的照护以及改进通知方式。本研究为开发污名化相关指标和设计后续研究（例如个体访谈/大规模调查）提供了基础。
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a largely preventable and controllable disease. Social perceptions regarding sexual experiences and gynecological visits contribute to stigma, which serves as a major barrier to screening and human papillomavirus vaccination. This study explored how stigma is formed and reinforced within sociocultural norms and personal psychological barriers. Focus group interviews were conducted with 14 Korean women aged 20-29 years, divided into screeners and non-screener groups, on November 23, 2024. Based on the transcriptions, Thematic analysis was performed on the transcripts to organize codes into core themes,(in compliance with qualitative research reporting standards). A total of 28 codes were grouped into 10 sub-themes and classified by group. Among them, three sub-themes were common to both screeners and non-screeners, including negative perceptions of gynecological visits, stigma associated with sexually transmitted diseases, and barriers due to a lack of information. Among screeners, four sub-themes were identified: a desire for alternative notification methods for screening, psychological barriers to screening, a sense of burden from additional tests during visits, and reluctance to share screening experiences due to perceived prejudice from others. Among non-screeners, three sub-themes were identified: stigma toward patients with cervical cancer and lack of awareness of the sensitivity of cervical cancer. To promote cervical cancer preventive behaviors, stigma must be addressed as a social process rather than solely an individual issue. Practical solutions include creating a predictable screening environment (e.g., prior notification of procedures and additional tests with consent), improving patient-centered care, and enhancing notification methods. This study provides a foundation for developing stigma-related indicators and designing follow-up studies. (e.g., individual interviews/large-scale surveys).
如何引用
AMA
Hyun Jin Kim, Hyeon Ji Lee, Hye Young Shin, Hye-Sun Lee, Jae Kwan Jun, Kui Son Choi, et al. Understanding barriers and facilitators to cervical cancer prevention among young Korean Women: A focus group interview study.. PloS one. 2026; doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0353242.
APA
Hyun Jin Kim, Hyeon Ji Lee, Hye Young Shin, Hye-Sun Lee, Jae Kwan Jun, Kui Son Choi, et al (2026). Understanding barriers and facilitators to cervical cancer prevention among young Korean Women: A focus group interview study.. PloS one. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0353242
GB/T 7714
Hyun Jin Kim, Hyeon Ji Lee, Hye Young Shin, Hye-Sun Lee, Jae Kwan Jun, Kui Son Choi, et al. Understanding barriers and facilitators to cervical cancer prevention among young Korean Women: A focus group interview study.[J]. PloS one, 2026 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0353242.
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