粪便微生物群和微生物群落移植：当前研究综述
{"_":"Fecal microbiota and microbial community transplantation: review of current research.","b":["a"]}
摘要(中文译文)
从人类宿主到环境基质等多样生态系统中的稳态，深受微生物群落的调控。菌群失调，即微生物平衡的破坏，会在医学、农业、水产养殖和环境健康领域导致显著的不良后果。本综述综合了关于微生物移植的当前知识，微生物移植被定义为有意转移微生物群落或其组分，以恢复、重建或增强这些系统中的功能能力。我们探讨了其历史背景和前沿应用，包括用于感染、代谢和神经系统疾病的粪菌移植，以及阴道微生物群移植的进展。在农业方面，我们总结了土壤微生物组的工程化改造以增强植物健康、胁迫适应和生物修复，以及牲畜和野生物种中的移植实践。此外，我们讨论了微生物群移植在水产养殖中改善鱼类健康和抗病能力的作用，重点介绍了天然和合成菌群。探讨了微生物群落在生物修复和生态恢复中的应用，涉及稳定性、成本和生态影响等挑战。最终，本综述将这些多样应用整合于“同一健康”框架内，强调人类、动物和环境微生物组之间的系统性联系。我们强调微生物群移植作为恢复生态平衡的可持续策略的潜力，同时指出在标准化方法和移植微生物组长期功能方面的关键研究空白和未来方向。
Abstract
Homeostasis across diverse ecosystems, ranging from human hosts to environmental matrices, is profoundly governed by microbial communities. Dysbiosis, the disruption of this microbial equilibrium, leads to significant adverse outcomes in medicine, agriculture, aquaculture, and environmental health. This review synthesizes current knowledge on microbial transfusions, defined as the deliberate transfer of microbial communities or their components to restore, reconstitute, or enhance functional capacities across these systems. We explore the historical context and cutting-edge applications, including Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) for infection, metabolic and neurological disorders, alongside advancements in vaginal microbiota transplantation. In agriculture, we summarize the engineering of soil microbiomes for enhanced plant health, stress adaptation, and bioremediation, as well as transplantation practices in livestock and wild species. Furthermore, we discuss the role of microbiota transplantation in aquaculture for improving fish health and disease resistance, highlighting both natural and synthetic consortia. The application of microbial communities in bioremediation and ecological restoration is explored, addressing challenges such as stability, cost, and ecological impacts. Ultimately, this review integrates these diverse applications within a "One Health" framework, emphasizing the systemic links among human, animal, and environmental microbiomes. We underscore the potential of microbiota transplantation as a sustainable strategy for restoring ecological balance while identifying critical research gaps and future directions regarding standardized methodologies and the long-term functionality of transplanted microbiomes.
如何引用
AMA
Vitaly Ryazanov, Irina Vershinina, Ksenia Inchagova, Elena Bukareva, Vladimir Kolpakov, Alexey Ruchay, et al. {"_":"Fecal microbiota and microbial community transplantation: review of current research.","b":["a"]}. Frontiers in microbiology. 2026; doi:10.3389/fmicb.2026.1814047.
APA
Vitaly Ryazanov, Irina Vershinina, Ksenia Inchagova, Elena Bukareva, Vladimir Kolpakov, Alexey Ruchay, et al (2026). {"_":"Fecal microbiota and microbial community transplantation: review of current research.","b":["a"]}. Frontiers in microbiology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2026.1814047
GB/T 7714
Vitaly Ryazanov, Irina Vershinina, Ksenia Inchagova, Elena Bukareva, Vladimir Kolpakov, Alexey Ruchay, et al. {"_":"Fecal microbiota and microbial community transplantation: review of current research.","b":["a"]}[J]. Frontiers in microbiology, 2026 doi:10.3389/fmicb.2026.1814047.
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