早期职业护士的心理契约、心理资本、职业高原和工作嵌入：一个系列中介模型
Psychological contract, psychological capital, career plateau, and job embeddedness among early-career nurses: a serial mediation model.
摘要(中文译文)
早期职业护士对于维持护理队伍至关重要，然而他们尤其容易受到压力、角色转换困难和离职的影响。工作嵌入为理解护士为何留职提供了重要视角，但组织感知与工作嵌入之间的心理机制在该人群中仍未得到充分理解。本研究于2024年8月至10月在中国河南省四家三级医院开展了一项多中心横断面调查。采用便利抽样方法，纳入337名早期职业护士（临床工作经验≤3年），完成心理契约、心理资本、职业高原和工作嵌入的 validated 测量。采用PROCESS宏程序（模型6，5 000次Bootstrap抽样）检验链式中介效应，并控制年龄、婚姻状况、科室、每周夜班次数和月收入。心理契约与心理资本和工作嵌入呈正相关，与职业高原呈负相关（均 < 0.01）。调整协变量后，心理契约显著预测更高的工作嵌入。仅通过心理资本的间接效应为0.095（95% CI：0.024-0.179），仅通过职业高原的间接效应为0.193（95% CI：0.139-0.249），通过心理资本和职业高原的链式间接效应为负值（-0.052，95% CI：-0.180至-0.020），提示存在抑制模式。总间接效应为0.236，直接效应仍然显著（0.337）。心理契约既可直接增强早期职业护士的工作嵌入，也可通过心理资本和职业高原的链式中介作用实现。在职业发展资源有限的情况下，较高的心理资本可能增强职业高原感知，并部分抑制心理契约的积极影响。在加强心理契约履行的同时提供现实的职业发展路径，可能有助于三级医院留住早期职业护士。
Abstract
Early-career nurses are critical for sustaining the nursing workforce, yet they are particularly vulnerable to stress, role transition difficulties, and turnover. Job embeddedness offers an important lens for understanding why nurses stay, but the psychological mechanisms linking organizational perceptions to embeddedness remain insufficiently understood in this population. A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted from August to October 2024 in four tertiary hospitals in Henan Province, China. A convenience sample of 337 early-career nurses (≤3 years of clinical experience) completed validated measures of psychological contract, psychological capital, career plateau, and job embeddedness. Serial mediation was tested using the PROCESS macro (Model 6, 5,000 bootstrap samples), controlling for age, marital status, department, number of night shifts per week, and monthly income. Psychological contract was positively associated with psychological capital and job embeddedness and negatively associated with career plateau (all < 0.01). After adjusting for covariates, psychological contract significantly predicted higher job embeddedness. The indirect effect through psychological capital alone was 0.095 (95% CI: 0.024-0.179), through career plateau alone was 0.193 (95% CI: 0.139-0.249), and the serial indirect effect through psychological capital and career plateau was negative (-0.052, 95% CI: -0.180 to -0.020), indicating a suppression pattern. The total indirect effect was 0.236, and the direct effect remained significant (0.337). Psychological contract enhances job embeddedness among early-career nurses both directly and through the serial mediating roles of psychological capital and career plateau. Higher psychological capital may, under limited career development resources, heighten perceptions of career plateau and partly suppress the positive impact of psychological contract. Strengthening psychological contract fulfillment while simultaneously providing realistic career development pathways may help retain early-career nurses in tertiary hospitals.
如何引用
AMA
Ximei Wang, Yujuan Qin, Qin Mao, Jianying Wang. Psychological contract, psychological capital, career plateau, and job embeddedness among early-career nurses: a serial mediation model.. Frontiers in psychology. 2026; doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1822548.
APA
Ximei Wang, Yujuan Qin, Qin Mao, Jianying Wang (2026). Psychological contract, psychological capital, career plateau, and job embeddedness among early-career nurses: a serial mediation model.. Frontiers in psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1822548
GB/T 7714
Ximei Wang, Yujuan Qin, Qin Mao, Jianying Wang. Psychological contract, psychological capital, career plateau, and job embeddedness among early-career nurses: a serial mediation model.[J]. Frontiers in psychology, 2026 doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1822548.
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