牛源性大肠杆菌噬菌体XJA18的分离、鉴定、生物学特性和体内外抗菌作用
{"_":"Isolation, Identification, Biological Characteristics, and In Vitro and In Vivo Antibacterial Effects of a Bovine-Derived Bacteriophage XJA18.","i":["Escherichia coli"]}
摘要(中文译文)
为阻止抗生素耐药性的传播，噬菌体逐渐成为替代抗生素治疗细菌感染性疾病的最有前景的方案。本研究以DC1为宿主菌，从养殖场污水中分离获得一株噬菌体，命名为噬菌体XJA18。我们进行了形态学鉴定、宿主范围测定、生物学特性分析、基因组特征分析以及体内外抗菌效果评价。电镜观察显示，噬菌体XJA18属于有尾噬菌体纲，具有二十面体头部和不可收缩的长尾。全基因组测序显示，该噬菌体为双链DNA，长度为50,572 bp，GC含量为45.33%。基因组不含任何抗生素耐药基因或毒力基因，表明其具有良好的安全性。XJA18对24%的临床分离菌株表现出裂解活性。最佳感染复数（MOI）为0.001，潜伏期为10 min，爆发期为30 min，爆发量为2.22 × 10 PFU/细胞。其在4-50 °C和pH 4-12范围内保持稳定。体外抗菌结果显示，在MOI = 0.001时，XJA18在前4 h内对细菌生长的初始抑制作用最为显著。体内实验表明，预防性和治疗性给予XJA18均能抵抗感染，显著降低小鼠肝脏和脾脏中的炎性细胞因子水平和细菌载量（< 0.001），显著增加体重（< 0.05），并减轻结肠、肝脏和肺的组织病理学损伤。综上所述，噬菌体XJA18能有效抑制细菌，且安全稳定。这些特征表明，噬菌体XJA18作为一种替代抗生素治疗犊牛细菌性感染性腹泻的新型生物制剂具有巨大潜力。
Abstract
To prevent the spread of antibiotic resistance, bacteriophages have gradually become the most promising alternative to antibiotics for treating bacterial infectious diseases. In this study, using DC1 as the host strain, we isolated a bacteriophage named phage XJA18 from farm sewage. We conducted morphological identification, host range determination, biological characteristic analysis, genomic feature analysis, and evaluation of in vitro and in vivo antibacterial effects. Electron microscopy revealed that phage XJA18 belongs to the class , with an icosahedral head and a non-contractile long tail. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that the phage has dsDNA with a length of 50,572 bp, with a GC content of 45.33%. The genome does not contain any antibiotic resistance genes or virulence genes, indicating good safety. XJA18 showed lytic activity against 24% of clinically isolated strains. The optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) was 0.001, with a latent period of 10 min, a burst period of 30 min, and a burst size of 2.22 × 10 PFU/cell. It remained stable at 4-50 °C and pH 4-12. In vitro antibacterial results revealed that XJA18 had the most pronounced initial bacterial growth suppression at MOI = 0.001 during the first 4 h. In vivo experiments demonstrated that both prophylactic and therapeutic administration of XJA18 could protect against infection, significantly reducing inflammatory cytokine levels and bacterial loads in the livers and spleens of mice ( < 0.001), significantly increasing body weight ( < 0.05), and reducing histopathological damage to the colon, liver, and lungs. In summary, phage XJA18 can effectively inhibit and is safe and stable. These characteristics indicate that phage XJA18 has great potential as a novel biological agent to replace antibiotics for treating bacterial infectious diarrhea in calves.
如何引用
AMA
Zihang Qin, Kaili Guo, Xin Li, Chuanjun Wang, Bao Wang, Rulong Chen, et al. {"_":"Isolation, Identification, Biological Characteristics, and In Vitro and In Vivo Antibacterial Effects of a Bovine-Derived Bacteriophage XJA18.","i":["Escherichia coli"]}. Microorganisms. 2026; doi:10.3390/microorganisms14051118.
APA
Zihang Qin, Kaili Guo, Xin Li, Chuanjun Wang, Bao Wang, Rulong Chen, et al (2026). {"_":"Isolation, Identification, Biological Characteristics, and In Vitro and In Vivo Antibacterial Effects of a Bovine-Derived Bacteriophage XJA18.","i":["Escherichia coli"]}. Microorganisms. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14051118
GB/T 7714
Zihang Qin, Kaili Guo, Xin Li, Chuanjun Wang, Bao Wang, Rulong Chen, et al. {"_":"Isolation, Identification, Biological Characteristics, and In Vitro and In Vivo Antibacterial Effects of a Bovine-Derived Bacteriophage XJA18.","i":["Escherichia coli"]}[J]. Microorganisms, 2026 doi:10.3390/microorganisms14051118.
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