ESMO OpenESMO开放获取
ESMO Open(英文缩写 ESMO OPEN),ISSN 2059-7029,eISSN 2059-7029,中文译名:ESMO开放获取 是一本学术期刊。本页汇总该期刊的最新影响因子、分区信息以及最新收录于 PubMed 的文献,帮助您快速了解期刊全貌。
发文量统计区间：2025-09-28 至 2026-09-28，按本站收录文献的发表日期统计。
期刊介绍
ESMO Open 最新收录文献
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1. Atezolizumab plus pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and chemotherapy in HER2-positive early breast cancer: final results of the phase III IMpassion050 trial.
PMID:日期:2026-09-24The IMpassion050 (NCT03726879) primary analysis showed similar pathologic complete response (pCR) rates with/without the addition of neoadjuvant atezolizumab to pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and chemotherapy in high-risk human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive early breast cancer in the intention-to-treat and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive populations. Safety was consistent with other atezolizumab combination studies. We report final analysis results. Patients were randomized 1 : 1 to atezolizumab/placebo, plus pertuzumab, trastuzumab, and chemotherapy. Postsurgery, patients continued atezolizumab/placebo, plus pertuzumab and trastuzumab up to 1 year. Patients with residual disease could switch to trastuzumab emtansine plus atezolizumab/placebo for 14 cycles. Secondary endpoints included disease-free survival (DFS), event-free survival (EFS), and safety. Stratification factors were stage at diagnosis, hormone receptor (HR) status, and PD-L1 status. At data cut-off (24 August 2023), 411/454 patients remained on-study (atezolizumab arm, 206/226; placebo arm, 205/228). Median follow-up was 44.2 and 43.4 months, respectively. Three-year EFS rates were 91.4% (atezolizumab) versus 89.0% {placebo [stratified hazard ratio 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50-1.59]}. Among patients who had surgery and postneoadjuvant therapy (n = 434), 3-year DFS rates were 92.9% (atezolizumab) versus 88.5% [placebo (hazard ratio 0.71, 95% CI 0.38-1.32)]. Numerically higher 3-year EFS and DFS rates with atezolizumab were seen in patients with PD-L1-negative status, HR-positive status, and stage T2 disease. Numerical DFS improvements with atezolizumab occurred regardless of pCR. Adverse events (AEs) of special interest in the adjuvant setting were more frequent with atezolizumab (59.4% versus 47.0%; none grade 5). The most common AEs (≥10% of patients in either arm) were radiation skin injury (24.0% versus 19.4%), arthralgia (20.7% versus 17.1%), and diarrhea (20.7% versus 13.4%). There were no significant improvements in 3-year EFS (stratified hazard ratio: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.50-1.59) or DFS (unstratified hazard ratio: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.38-1.32) rates with the addition of atezolizumab. Safety remained consistent with the known profiles of the study drugs.
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2. Safety profile of BCG with or without immunotherapy in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC): a systematic review and meta-analysis.
PMID:日期:2026-09-23Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the standard of care for BCG-naïve high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Recent phase III trials showed reduced disease recurrence with the addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to BCG induction plus maintenance but with increased toxicity. We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the safety of this treatment intensification. Randomized phase II-III trials comparing BCG plus anti-programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death-ligand 1 ICIs with BCG alone in BCG-naïve high-risk NMIBC were identified through MEDLINE/PubMed, American Society of Clinical Oncology, and European Society for Medical Oncology databases up to November 2025. Outcomes included the incidence and relative risk (RR) of treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), immune-related adverse events (irAEs), serious adverse events (SAEs), treatment discontinuation, and the impact of the BCG schedule. Three phase III trials including 1895 patients were analyzed. Compared with BCG alone, BCG plus ICIs significantly increased the risk of any-grade TRAEs [RR 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20-1.31, P < 0.00001], grade ≥3 TRAEs (RR 4.02, 95% CI 3.06-5.30, P < 0.00001), SAEs (RR 4.54, 95% CI 2.09-9.85, P = 0.0001), any-grade irAEs (RR 15.18, 95% CI 4.34-53.14, P < 0.0001), grade ≥3 irAEs (RR 9.99, 95% CI 2.12-47.14, P = 0.004), and treatment discontinuation (RR 2.87, 95% CI 1.50-5.52, P = 0.002). Toxicity was mainly driven by systemic immune-mediated events, whereas local BCG-related urinary adverse events were largely comparable between groups. Adding ICIs to intravesical BCG in BCG-naïve high-risk NMIBC increases treatment-related toxicity, mainly due to immune-mediated adverse events, without substantially worsening local urinary tolerability. Careful patient selection and multidisciplinary management are essential when adopting this treatment optimization.
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3. Personalized medicine, scientific revolution or self-serving illusion: viewpoint from EORTC-PAMM Group.
PMID:日期:2026-09-23Personalized medicine has redefined oncology by tailoring treatments to molecular and clinical characteristics. However, despite remarkable advances in biomarker discovery and targeted therapy, the integration of pharmacological principles into precision oncology remains limited. The resulting discrepancy between biological innovation and therapeutic optimization contributes to high attrition rates in drug development, inconsistent real-world efficacy, and escalating financial toxicity. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Pharmacology and Molecular Mechanisms Group explored how pharmacology can bridge the gap between molecular precision and clinical reality. Although understanding mechanisms of action is a critical first step, the subsequent translation of this knowledge into individualized dosing and scheduling strategies and rational drug combinations is equally essential. Achieving this requires the use of quantitative tools, such as pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling, therapeutic drug monitoring, and real-world evidence (RWE). These patient-centered approaches enable continuous learning from patient data, refine our understanding of exposure-response relationships, and support adaptive treatment strategies across diverse populations. We also discuss the rise of tumor-agnostic approvals, which transcend histological boundaries yet expose disparities in national regulatory and reimbursement frameworks. Ensuring equitable access to mechanism-driven therapies requires harmonized policies integrating pharmacological, clinical, and ethical perspectives. True personalization in oncology requires moving beyond target selection to delivering the right dose to the right patient at the right time. Embedding holistic pharmacology approaches into the design, evaluation, and postmarketing use of anticancer therapies will improve efficacy, minimize toxicity, and promote value-based care. Integrating mechanistic understanding with quantitative pharmacology and RWE represents the next frontier of precision oncology, transforming innovation into sustainable, patient-centered benefit.
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4. Pattern and quality of care for rare head and neck cancers treated in expert centres: the experience of the registry of the European Reference Network on Rare Adult Solid Cancers (EURACAN).
PMID:日期:2026-09-22Rare head and neck cancers (HNCs), including sinonasal cancers (SNC), nasopharyngeal cancers (NPC), and salivary gland cancers (SGC), are biologically diverse and infrequent, resulting in limited high-quality evidence to guide clinical management. This study evaluated real-world patterns and quality of care in Italy for these rare HNCs within the European Reference Network for Rare Adult Solid Cancers (EURACAN) registry. Data from 795 adult patients diagnosed or managed at Italian expert centres between 2018 and 2024 with rare HNCs (152 SNC, 201 NPC, and 442 SGC) were analysed. Key indicators assessed included diagnostic completeness, adherence to European clinical practice guidelines, and timeliness of treatment. Analyses were stratified by tumour type and care setting. Most patients presented with locally advanced disease (70% SNC, 74% NPC, and 50% SGC). Epstein-Barr virus testing was carried out in 80% of NPC cases. Treatment approaches were heterogeneous, especially for SNC, where multimodal therapy varied widely. Guidelines deviations were common: ∼50% of patients with localised SGC and 67% of those with localised NPC did not receive guideline-recommended treatments. Treatment delays were frequent, with 48%-77% of patients failing to initiate treatment within recommended timeframes. These delays were predominantly associated with interhospital referral pathways and were more pronounced in patients requiring multimodal treatments. This registry-based analysis reveals substantial variability in treatment strategies and frequent treatment delays for rare HNCs, even within expert centres. Improving referral coordination, adherence to guidelines, and timely initiation of treatment remain critical. The EURACAN registry represents a valuable tool for benchmarking and enhancing care quality, supporting evidence-informed treatment decisions for these rare and complex cancers.
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5. Access to cancer clinical trials in Europe: when trial availability does not match patient need.
PMID:日期:2026-09-21该文献暂无摘要。
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6. Association between symptom experience and long-term survival in people treated for cancer.
PMID:日期:2026-09-21Both symptoms and other aspects of health-related quality of life have been shown to be prognostic factors for cancer survival. Less is known about the association between distinct symptom subgroups and survival. Thus, this prospective study aimed to explore the possible association between symptom class membership during cancer treatment and long-term all-cause mortality, adjusting for known sociodemographic and clinical prognostic factors. Between 2008 and 2011, 534 patients with cancer were included in a study assessing self-reported symptoms during cancer treatment. Symptom class membership before initiation of new treatment was investigated and four subgroups were identified on the basis of the occurrence of symptoms [i.e. 'all low' (28% of all patients), 'all high' (28%), 'high psychological' (23%), and 'low psychological' (21%)]. In the present follow-up analysis, multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the strength of a possible association between symptom class membership and all-cause mortality by comparing the 'all high' subgroup with the three other subgroups 12-15 years after study inclusion. When adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical variables (i.e. sex, age, cancer diagnosis, and comorbidities), belonging to the 'all high' subgroup compared with the three other subgroups was associated with significantly higher mortality (hazard ratio 1.48, 95% confidence interval 1.14-1.94). The present study identified an association between symptom experience and long-term survival. This finding suggests that symptom class membership may be an important prognostic marker for identifying patients at increased risk of all-cause mortality.
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7. Advancing cancer care for adolescents and young adults: the role of the European Network of Expertise.
PMID:日期:2026-09-18Adolescents and young adults (AYAs, aged 15-39 years at cancer diagnosis) are recognized as a distinct patient group with specific clinical and psychosocial needs requiring tailored care. This article presents the Network of Expertise (NoE) on AYAs with cancer developed through the Joint Action on Network of Expertise to strengthen AYA research and care across Europe. The NoE adopts a structured, collaborative approach aligning national and European Union-level goals, creating a platform for professionals, patient groups, and stakeholders to advance AYA cancer care, influence policy, and reduce disparities among member states. It also promotes cooperation between pediatric and adult oncology services to improve care throughout the cancer continuum. The article highlights the main challenges ahead and emphasizes that their successful resolution depends on shared commitment to collaboration-ultimately aiming to enhance outcomes and quality of life for AYAs with cancer.
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8. Pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy as first-line therapy for advanced HER2-negative gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: 4.5-year follow-up from the randomized phase III KEYNOTE-859 study.
8. 帕博利珠单抗联合化疗作为晚期HER2阴性胃癌或胃食管结合部腺癌的一线治疗：随机III期KEYNOTE-859研究的4.5年随访PMID:日期:2026-09-16KEYNOTE-859 showed a favorable benefit-risk profile for pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy compared with placebo plus chemotherapy, regardless of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) status, in participants with untreated locally advanced or metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. Outcomes after a median study follow-up of 4.5 years are reported. Overall, 1579 participants were randomly assigned 1 : 1 to pembrolizumab 200 mg or placebo plus chemotherapy every 3 weeks for ≤35 cycles. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints included progression-free survival, objective response rate, and duration of response, all per RECIST v1.1 by blinded independent central review, and safety. The median study follow-up was 54.8 months (Q1-Q3, 46.8-62.1) at data cut-off (27 September 2024). In the intention-to-treat population, the median OS was 12.9 months for pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy compared with 11.5 months for placebo plus chemotherapy [hazard ratio (HR) 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70-0.86]. Median OS was longer in the PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) ≥1 (13.0 compared with 11.4 months; HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.66-0.84) and CPS ≥10 (15.8 compared with 11.8 months; HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.53-0.77) populations. Grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events (AEs) occurred in 458 participants (58.3%) receiving pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy and 388 (49.3%) receiving placebo plus chemotherapy; grade 5 treatment-related AEs occurred in 8 participants (1.0%) and 16 participants (2.0%), respectively. Extended follow-up confirms that first-line pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy improves efficacy and maintains a manageable safety profile compared with placebo plus chemotherapy, regardless of PD-L1 status, supporting this combination as a first-line treatment option for locally advanced or metastatic HER2-negative gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma.
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9. Zolbetuximab plus chemotherapy versus immune checkpoint inhibitor regimens by programmed death-ligand 1 combined positive score in locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a Bayesian network meta-analysis.
9. 佐贝妥昔单抗联合化疗与免疫检查点抑制剂方案在局部晚期或转移性胃或胃食管结合部腺癌中按程序性死亡配体1联合阳性评分的比较：一项贝叶斯网络荟萃分析PMID:日期:2026-09-16In this network meta-analysis (NMA), efficacy of first-line (1L) zolbetuximab and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) was compared across programmed death-ligand 1 [PD-(L)1] combined positive score (CPS) levels in patients with locally advanced (LA) unresectable or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (mG/GEJ) adenocarcinoma in global trials. Studies evaluating zolbetuximab or ICIs plus chemotherapy as 1L treatments among adults with LA unresectable or mG/GEJ adenocarcinoma were included. A Bayesian fixed-effects NMA compared overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) across treatments in PD-(L)1 CPS subgroups (CPS ≥1 to <5; ≥5 to <10; or ≥10). Because PD-(L)1 CPS is a biologically and clinically validated treatment effect modifier for ICIs, CPS-specific hazard ratios were used for ICIs but not zolbetuximab, which targets claudin 18 isoform 2 (CLDN18.2). Sensitivity analyses of PD-(L)1 CPS ≥10 leveraged patients with optimal zolbetuximab exposure-those who did not experience nausea/vomiting leading to inadequate dose exposure or discontinuation. Five regimens (zolbetuximab, pembrolizumab, tislelizumab, or nivolumab plus chemotherapy, and chemotherapy alone) were included. In PD-(L)1 CPS ≥1 to <5, zolbetuximab showed similar or numerically favorable OS and PFS versus ICIs. In PD-(L)1 CPS ≥5 to <10, zolbetuximab had numerically favorable OS and PFS versus ICIs. In PD-(L)1 CPS ≥10, ICIs had numerically favorable OS and PFS versus zolbetuximab. However, in sensitivity analyses, among patients with optimal zolbetuximab exposure, zolbetuximab showed similar OS and PFS to ICIs. These findings support a biomarker-informed treatment approach in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, CLDN18.2-positive advanced gastric/GEJ adenocarcinoma. In PD-(L)1 CPS ≥1 to <10, zolbetuximab plus chemotherapy demonstrated consistent efficacy and may represent a relevant option beyond PD-(L)1-driven selection. In CPS ≥10, zolbetuximab remained clinically meaningful, with efficacy comparable to select ICI-based regimens when exposure is optimized. Results should be interpreted cautiously given these are indirect comparisons and warrant confirmation in prospective studies.
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10. {"_":"Tumor genomic landscape of older patients with metastatic breast cancer.","sup":["☆"]}
PMID:日期:2026-09-14Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in older patients has distinct clinical and histologic characteristics. Elucidating the genomic basis of MBC helps identify potential therapeutic targets to improve outcomes for older patients with MBC. Using a prospective database and targeted DNA sequencing (OncoPanel), we examined MBC's genomic landscape in older patients (age ≥70 years at MBC diagnosis) and compared findings with those in younger (aged <50 years) and middle-aged (aged 50-69 years) patients. After classifying single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and copy number variations (CNVs) as oncogenic (via OncoKB), the frequencies of SNVs and CNVs, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and oncogenic signaling pathways were compared by age group using Fisher's exact tests. We estimated the association between continuous age at MBC diagnosis and mutations via multivariate logistic regression analysis, adjusting for race, stage at initial diagnosis, subtype, histology, and sample tested (primary versus metastatic). Our study included 2379 patients [853 (35%) younger, 1311 (55%) middle-aged, and 215 (9%) older] who underwent OncoPanel testing between 2013 and 2020. The most frequent tumor alterations in older patients were SNVs in PIK3CA (44%), TP53 (33%), CDH1 (22%) and amplifications in CCND1 (18%). After adjustment, older age was associated with higher frequency of SNVs in CDH1 [odds ratio (OR) = 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21-1.68, q < 0.001], MAP3K1 [OR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.10-1.54, q = 0.008], and PIK3CA [OR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.11-1.31, q < 0.001] and fewer SNVs in TP53 [OR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.77-0.91, q < 0.001]. Patients in the older group were more likely to have tumors with ≥10 mutations/megabase than the youngest patients (26% versus 17%, P = 0.003). In this large cohort of patients with MBC, the tumor genomic landscape differed between older and younger patients even after accounting for tumor subtype. Older patients were more likely to have high-TMB and PIK3CA-mutated tumors, highlighting the importance of genomic testing for treatment applications in this population.