在超声检查中，微血管血流成像与其他多普勒方法在评估幼儿无名睾丸实质灌注方面的比较
Comparison of Microvascular Flow Imaging With Other Doppler Methods in Ultrasonography for Assessment of Parenchymal Perfusion in Undescended Testis in Young Children.
摘要(中文译文)
隐睾是男童常见的先天性异常，准确评估睾丸血供对于影像学评价和睾丸内血流特征描述具有重要意义。传统多普勒技术在检测低速微血管血流方面存在局限，尤其是在小儿小睾丸中。这些局限可能影响使用标准超声技术充分显示细微血管信号的能力。本横断面研究在一家三级医疗中心开展，历时六个月，纳入40例年龄小于五岁、临床诊断为未降睾丸（UDT）的儿童。超声检查使用Samsung V7（Samsung Medison Co.，韩国）高频（2-14 MHz）线阵探头进行。每例患者均接受彩色多普勒（CD）、能量多普勒（PD）和微血管成像（MVI）评估。多普勒设置经过优化（CD/PD脉冲重复频率（PRF）：520-1000 Hz，MVI PRF：210 Hz）。对每种模态的睾丸内血供进行评估和分级。统计学相关性分析采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验和McNemar检验。CD在55%的病例中检测到睾丸内血流，而PD在70%的病例中检测到血流。彩色MVI（cMVI）和单色MVI（mMVI）均显示出显著更高的检出率（95%）。比较显示MVI在统计学上显著优于CD。尽管cMVI和mMVI显示出相似的血流检出率，但mMVI显示Grade 3血供的比例更高，表明其对睾丸内微血管血流的显示更优。在这项前瞻性研究中，MVI，尤其是mMVI，显示的睾丸内血供分级显著高于传统CD和PD超声检查。mMVI在UDT不同解剖位置上始终获得最高的灌注评分，表明其对睾丸内微血管血流的显示和分级更佳。这些发现提示，MVI可作为传统超声检查的有价值辅助手段，用于评估UDT患儿的睾丸灌注。
Abstract
Cryptorchidism is a common congenital anomaly in male children, where accurate assessment of testicular vascularity is important for imaging evaluation and characterization of intratesticular blood flow. Conventional Doppler techniques have limitations in detecting low-velocity microvascular flow, particularly in small pediatric testes. These limitations may affect the ability to adequately visualize subtle vascular signals using standard ultrasound techniques. This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care center over six months and included 40 children aged less than five years with clinically diagnosed undescended testis (UDT). Ultrasonography was performed using a high-frequency (2-14 MHz) linear probe of Samsung V7 (Samsung Medison Co., South Korea). Each patient underwent evaluation with Color Doppler (CD), Power Doppler (PD), and Microvascular Imaging (MVI). Doppler settings were optimized (CD/PD pulse repetition frequency (PRF): 520-1000 Hz, MVI PRF: 210 Hz). Intratesticular vascularity was assessed and graded for each modality. Statistical correlation was done using Wilcoxon signed-rank test and McNemar test. CD detected intratesticular flow in 55% of cases, while PD detected flow in 70%. Both color MVI (cMVI) and monochrome MVI (mMVI) demonstrated significantly higher detection rates (95%). Comparison showed statistically significant superiority of MVI over CD. Although cMVI and mMVI demonstrated similar flow detection rates, mMVI showed a higher proportion of Grade 3 vascularity, indicating superior visualization of intratesticular microvascular flow. In this prospective study, MVI, particularly mMVI, demonstrated significantly higher intratesticular vascularity grades than conventional CD and PD ultrasonography. mMVI consistently yielded the highest perfusion scores across different anatomical locations of UDT, indicating enhanced visualization and grading of intratesticular microvascular flow. These findings suggest that MVI may serve as a valuable adjunct to conventional ultrasonography in the assessment of testicular perfusion in children with UDT.
如何引用
AMA
Suresh Phatak, Akanksha Kalwaghe, Kajal Mitra, Prashant Onkar, Sagar Gund. Comparison of Microvascular Flow Imaging With Other Doppler Methods in Ultrasonography for Assessment of Parenchymal Perfusion in Undescended Testis in Young Children.. Cureus. 2026; doi:10.7759/cureus.111004.
APA
Suresh Phatak, Akanksha Kalwaghe, Kajal Mitra, Prashant Onkar, Sagar Gund (2026). Comparison of Microvascular Flow Imaging With Other Doppler Methods in Ultrasonography for Assessment of Parenchymal Perfusion in Undescended Testis in Young Children.. Cureus. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.111004
GB/T 7714
Suresh Phatak, Akanksha Kalwaghe, Kajal Mitra, Prashant Onkar, Sagar Gund. Comparison of Microvascular Flow Imaging With Other Doppler Methods in Ultrasonography for Assessment of Parenchymal Perfusion in Undescended Testis in Young Children.[J]. Cureus, 2026 doi:10.7759/cureus.111004.
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