中国农村代际支持与老年人心理健康：证据和政策启示
Intergenerational support and older adults mental health in rural China: evidence and policy implications.
摘要(中文译文)
中国农村老年人的心理健康问题是当代中国面临的一项重大挑战，成年子女在应对这一问题中发挥着关键作用。然而，现有研究对农村老年人心理健康体验的探讨相对不足，尤其是与城市老年人相比。数据通过对来自两个社会经济背景不同的农村县的975名60岁及以上成年人进行面对面调查收集：江苏省昆山市（经济发达的人口流入地区，n=431）和江西省于都县（典型的中部人口流出地区，n=544）。该设计使得能够考察不同迁移背景下代际支持的动态变化。代际支持，尤其是经济支持（β=0.1819，p<0.1）和情感支持（β=0.6427，p<0.01），显著提升了农村老年人的心理健康水平，既具有直接效应，也通过影响感知的代际亲密度发挥作用。然而，对“养儿防老”传统价值观的坚守通过将亲子关系工具化而削弱了这一积极效应。此外，代际支持对心理健康的影响因地区和性别而异。需要制定相关政策，不仅考虑地区和性别差异，还应挑战传统的以子女为基础的养老价值观，以更好地促进中国农村老年人的心理健康。
Abstract
Mental health problems among the rural older adults pose a major challenge in contemporary China, where adult children have a crucial role in addressing this issue. However, the mental health experiences of rural older adults remain comparatively underexplored in existing research, particularly in contrast with their urban counterparts. Data were collected through face-to-face surveys with 975 adults aged 60 and over from two rural counties with distinct socioeconomic contexts: Kunshan in Jiangsu Province (an economically developed population inflow area, = 431) and Yudu in Jiangxi Province (a typical central China population outflow area, = 544). This design enabled examination of intergenerational support dynamics across different migration contexts. Intergenerational support, especially economic ( = 0.1819, < 0.1) and emotional support ( = 0.6427, < 0.01), significantly enhances the mental health of rural older adults, both directly and by influencing perceived intergenerational intimacy. Yet, adherence to the traditional value of "raising children for old-age support" weakens this positive effect by instrumentalizing parent-child relationships. Moreover, the effects of intergenerational support on mental health vary across regions and between genders. The need for policies that not only account for regional and gender differences but also challenge traditional values of child-based old-age support to better promote the mental wellbeing of rural older adults in China.
如何引用
AMA
Zhixuan Li, Yongchang Wu, Shan Jin, Jing Chen. Intergenerational support and older adults mental health in rural China: evidence and policy implications.. Frontiers in public health. 2026; doi:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1780185.
APA
Zhixuan Li, Yongchang Wu, Shan Jin, Jing Chen (2026). Intergenerational support and older adults mental health in rural China: evidence and policy implications.. Frontiers in public health. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1780185
GB/T 7714
Zhixuan Li, Yongchang Wu, Shan Jin, Jing Chen. Intergenerational support and older adults mental health in rural China: evidence and policy implications.[J]. Frontiers in public health, 2026 doi:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1780185.
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