AmGPPS/GGPPS基因家族在金鱼中的功能特征以及AmGPPS6在花香变异中的调节作用

摘要(中文译文)

牻牛儿基二磷酸合酶（GPPS）是植物类异戊二烯代谢途径中的关键酶，调控挥发性单萜的生物合成。其在金鱼草花挥发性萜类化合物（FVTs）的生物合成及品种间变异中发挥重要作用。尽管其在花香形成中具有重要意义，但金鱼草（Antirrhinum majus L.）中的该基因家族尚未被系统表征。本研究在全基因组水平上鉴定了9个GPPS/GGPPS家族成员，包括6个GPPS和3个GGPPS基因。系统发育分析将其归入不同的亚家族。我们进一步分析了它们的染色体定位、基因结构、保守蛋白基序及启动子顺式作用元件。这些结果揭示了该基因家族内既存在保守性又存在功能分化。为探究其功能作用，我们比较了盛花期强香品种（Am3）与弱香品种（Am5）之间的基因表达谱。在所有候选基因中，GPPS.SSU1表现出最显著的差异表达。进一步通过瞬时过表达和病毒诱导基因沉默（VIGS）进行了功能验证。过表达GPPS.SSU1显著增加了萜类产量，花挥发性萜类化合物（FVTs）总量增加了1.4倍，单萜和倍半萜的释放量均得到增强。相反，沉默GPPS.SSU1显著降低了关键单萜如罗勒烯及其异构体的释放。序列分析显示，GPPS.SSU1与典型GPPS小亚基（GPPS.SSU）具有67.04%的同一性，但缺乏保守催化DDx2-D基序。这表明GPPS.SSU1不具有催化活性，而可能通过与GPPS.LSU形成异源二聚体发挥作用。这一相互作用得到了协同转录表达模式的支持。此外，在GPPS.SSU中鉴定到自然序列多态性，这些变异而非GPPS.LSU中的变异似乎驱动了品种间单萜释放的差异。综上所述，GPPS.SSU1是金鱼草花香生物合成的关键调控因子。本研究为GPPS基因的功能作用提供了新见解，也为观赏植物芳香性状的分子育种提供了有价值的基因靶标。

Abstract

Geranyl diphosphate synthase (GPPS) is a key enzyme in the plant isoprenoid metabolic pathway and regulates the biosynthesis of volatile monoterpenes. It plays an important role in the biosynthesis of floral volatile terpenoids (FVTs) and inter-cultivar variation in snapdragon. Despite its importance in floral scent formation, the gene family in snapdragon ( L.) has not been systematically characterized. In this study, nine GPPS/GGPPS family members were identified at genome-wide level. These include six and three genes. Phylogenetic analysis grouped them into distinct subfamilies. We further analyzed their chromosomal locations, gene structures, conserved protein motifs, and promoter cis-acting elements. These results revealed both conservation and functional divergence within the gene family. To explore their functional roles, we compared gene expression profiles at the full flowering stage. This comparison was performed between strongly scented cultivar (Am3) and the weakly scented cultivar (Am5). Among all candidates, showed the most significant differential expression. Further, functional validation was conducted using transient overexpression and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). Overexpression of significantly increased terpenoid production. Total floral volatile terpenoids (FVTs) increased by 1.4 fold. Both monoterpene and sesquiterpene emissions were enhanced. In contrast, silencing of markedly reduced the emission of key monoterpenes such as ocimene and its isomers. Sequence analysis showed that shares 67.04% identity with canonical GPPS small subunit (GPPS.SSU). However, it lacks the conserved catalytic DDx2-D motif. This suggests that is not catalytically active. Instead, it likely functions through heterodimer with . This interaction is supported by coordinated transcriptional expression patterns. Additionally, natural sequence polymorphisms were identified in GPPS.SSU. These variations, rather than those in GPPS.LSU, appear to drive differences in monoterpense emission between cultivars. In conclusion, in a key regulator of floral scent biosynthesis in snapdragon. This study provides new insights into functional roles of genes. It also offers valuable gene targets for the molecular breeding of aromatic traits in ornamental plants.

如何引用

Plants (Basel, Switzerland) 的其他文献

• 燕麦14-3-3基因家族的全基因组鉴定和特征分析
• 杉木极性生长素运输增强和油菜素内酯活性降低驱动节间伸长
• 平菇菌丝体对小麦生长发育抑制作用的形态学特征和代谢组学分析
• {"_":"基因组在陆生植物进化基因组学中的重要性。","i":["小立碗藓"]}
• 大豆HIPP基因全基因组分析和GsHIP79在碱性胁迫下的功能分析
• 利用熵权TOPSIS法评价高温强光胁迫下广东含笑无性系的光保护策略
• {“_”：“抽穗期水稻抽穗期基因与光合性状的遗传相互作用效应”，“i”：[“Hd1”，“Ghd7”]}
• {“_”：“BnaMYB73，一种L.R2R3-MYB转录因子，增强植物对盐和渗透胁迫的耐受性。”，“i”：[“甘蓝型油菜”]}
• {“_”：“疾病管理保持足够的叶绿素荧光并提高小麦籽粒的技术质量。”，“i”：[“a”]}
• {“_”：“持久的花萼增强虎杖科（Orobanchaceae）的花温调节和繁殖成功。”，“i”：[“Brandisia hancei”]}