Knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccine and its association with vaccination willingness among female undergraduates: A comparative cross-sectional study between healthcare and non-healthcare majors in Chengdu, China.
本研究旨在评估女大学生对人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）及其疫苗的认知水平，比较医学专业与非医学专业学生之间的认知差异，并探讨认知水平与接种意愿之间的关联。本研究采用横断面调查设计，对成都市两所高校的1293名女大学生进行调查。认知水平采用自行设计的问卷进行测量，分为基础知识和深入知识两个维度。接种意愿采用5点Likert量表进行评估。数据分析采用描述性统计、t检验、方差分析和分层多元回归分析，以识别各变量间的关联并比较两组学生。共分析有效问卷1191份。参与者的HPV基础知识（平均分=5.21±1.91/8）及其疫苗基础知识（平均分=2.99±1.05/5）处于中等水平，但HPV深入知识（平均分=1.02±1.03/6）及其疫苗深入知识（平均分=2.00±1.53/6）水平较低。医学专业学生在HPV基础知识（p=0.023）、HPV疫苗基础知识（p=0.012）及HPV疫苗深入知识（p<0.001）方面的得分显著高于非医学专业学生。医学专业学生（p=0.011）、来自城市地区的学生（p<0.001）以及月生活费较高的学生（p<0.001）总体接种意愿更高。分层多元回归分析显示，基础知识得分较高与接种意愿较强显著相关（p<0.001，△R²=0.127）。本研究证实医学专业与非医学专业学生之间存在显著的认知与接种意愿差距。HPV及其疫苗的基础知识作为一种有效的外周线索，能够提升接种意愿，这与精细加工可能性模型（ELM）相一致。然而，深入知识的普遍匮乏——即使在医学专业学生中亦然——阻碍了中枢路径加工和持久态度的形成。公共卫生工作应优先传递清晰的核心信息，同时简化和传播深入知识，以缩小不同学术背景学生之间的知识差距。
This study aimed to assess levels of knowledge about human papillomavirus (HPV) and its vaccine among female undergraduates compare these levels between healthcare and non-healthcare majors, and examine their associations with vaccination willingness. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1,293 female undergraduate students from two universities in Chengdu. Knowledge was measured using a self-designed questionnaire, categorized into basic and advanced domains. Vaccination willingness was assessed via a 5-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, analysis of variance and hierarchical multiple regression to identify associations and compare the two student groups. A total of 1191 valid questionnaires were analyzed. Participants demonstrated moderate basic knowledge of HPV (mean score = 5.21 ± 1.91/8) and its vaccine (mean score = 2.99 ± 1.05/5), but low advanced knowledge of HPV (mean score = 1.02 ± 1.03/6) and its vaccine (mean score = 2.00 ± 1.53/6). Students in healthcare majors demonstrated significantly higher scores in HPV basic knowledge (p = 0.023),HPV vaccine basic knowledge (p = 0.012), and advanced HPV vaccine knowledge (p < 0.001) compared to their non-healthcare peers. Overall vaccination willingness was higher among healthcare majors (p = 0.011), students from urban areas (p < 0.001), and those with higher monthly living expenses (p < 0.001). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that higher scores in basic knowledge were significantly associated with greater vaccination willingness (p < 0.001, △R2 = 0.127). The study confirms a significant knowledge and intention gap between healthcare and non-healthcare students. Basic knowledge of HPV and its vaccine acts as an effective peripheral cue that boosts vaccination willingness, aligning with the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM). However, widespread deficits in advanced knowledge, even among healthcare students, impede central-route processing and durable attitude formation. Public health efforts should prioritize clear core messaging while simplifying and disseminating advanced knowledge to narrow knowledge gaps across student students with different academic backgrounds.
Miao Zhao, Jing Lei, Qin Feng, Shan Lai, Qiong Liang, Min Xie. Knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccine and its association with vaccination willingness among female undergraduates: A comparative cross-sectional study between healthcare and non-healthcare majors in Chengdu, China.. PloS one. 2026; doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0349013.
Miao Zhao, Jing Lei, Qin Feng, Shan Lai, Qiong Liang, Min Xie (2026). Knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccine and its association with vaccination willingness among female undergraduates: A comparative cross-sectional study between healthcare and non-healthcare majors in Chengdu, China.. PloS one. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0349013
Miao Zhao, Jing Lei, Qin Feng, Shan Lai, Qiong Liang, Min Xie. Knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccine and its association with vaccination willingness among female undergraduates: A comparative cross-sectional study between healthcare and non-healthcare majors in Chengdu, China.[J]. PloS one, 2026 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0349013.
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