脊柱侧弯 scoliosis - PubMed 文献(第 2 页)
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脊柱侧弯 的 PubMed 搜索结果(第 2 页)
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11. Ganglioneuroma of the thoracic spine presenting as adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a case report.
11. 表现为青少年特发性脊柱侧凸的胸椎神经节细胞瘤：一例报告PMID:期刊:Journal of spinal disorders PubMed日期:1994-12[中文摘要] 神经节细胞瘤是罕见的软组织肿瘤，可表现为无痛性脊柱畸形。当实现完全切除时，手术效果通常令人满意。本文报道一例以青少年特发性脊柱侧凸为表现的脊柱神经节细胞瘤，以说明该疾病的隐匿性。
[英文摘要] Ganglioneuromas are rare soft-tissue tumors that can present as painless spinal deformities. The surgical outcome is usually satisfactory when complete excision is achieved. A case of spinal ganglioneuroma presenting as adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is presented to illustrate the illusive nature of this condition.
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12. Treatment of scoliosis by posterior fusion, Harrington instrumentation and early walking.
12. 后路融合、Harrington内固定及早期行走治疗脊柱侧凸PMID:期刊:The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume PubMed日期:1976-02[中文摘要] 本文回顾了103例采用后路融合和Harrington器械治疗脊柱侧凸的患者。所描述的融合技术不需要额外植骨。伤口愈合后，通常为术后两周，即鼓励患者在局部固定石膏中行走。其结果与已发表的其他研究结果相比令人满意。结论是，除非存在神经弓缺陷，否则不需要额外植骨，并且早期行走是有益的，且不会对矫形效果构成风险。
[英文摘要] One hundred and three patients with scoliosis treated by posterior fusion and Harrington instrumentation are reviewed. The fusion technique described does not require added bone. Walking in a localiser plaster is encouraged as soon as the wound is healed, usually two weeks after operation. The results compare satisfactorily with others published. It is concluded that added bone is not necessary unless neural arch defects are present, and that early walking is advantageous and without risk to the correction.
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13. Scoliosis and the respiratory system.
13. 脊柱侧凸与呼吸系统PMID:日期:2006-06-02[中文摘要] 脊柱侧凸是由椎体的侧向移位和旋转引起的。它在躯体快速生长期最为常见。脊柱侧凸会妨碍肋骨运动，使呼吸肌处于机械不利状态，并使胸腔内各器官发生移位。脊柱侧凸直接降低胸壁顺应性，并间接降低肺顺应性（由于进行性肺不张和气体陷闭），导致呼吸做功显著增加，而由于相关的呼吸肌无力，这可能引起慢性呼吸衰竭。进行性肺动脉高压也是导致发病和死亡的主要原因。脊柱侧凸不可逆转，但可以控制。常规筛查应尽早开始，并持续至儿童达到骨骼成熟。肺功能检查可为该病的评估和随访提供一种简便而可靠的手段。
[英文摘要] Scoliosis is caused by the lateral displacement and rotation of the vertebral bodies. It is most common during periods of rapid somatic growth. Scoliosis impedes on the movement of the ribs, places the respiratory muscles at a mechanical disadvantage and displaces the various organs of the thoracic cavity. Scoliosis decreases the chest wall compliance directly and the lung compliance indirectly (due to progressive atelectasis and air-trapping), causing a significant increase in the work of breathing that, because of the associated respiratory muscle weakness may lead to chronic respiratory failure. Progressive pulmonary hypertension also constitutes a leading cause for morbidity and mortality. Scoliosis is not reversible, but it can be controlled. Routine screening should start early and continue until the child reaches skeletal maturation. Pulmonary function testing can provide an easy and reliable means for the evaluation and follow-up of the condition.
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14. Self-Experienced Trunk Appearance in Individuals With and Without Idiopathic Scoliosis.
14. 特发性脊柱侧凸患者与非患者的自我感知躯干外观PMID:日期:2019-11-09[中文摘要] 横断面研究。本研究旨在描述特发性脊柱侧凸患者与无脊柱侧凸个体自我感知的躯干外观。特发性脊柱侧凸是最常见的脊柱畸形。严重的脊柱侧凸畸形会增加背痛和肺功能障碍的风险。该畸形还会产生心理影响。对1416例特发性脊柱侧凸患者（386例未治疗、529例支具治疗、501例手术治疗）及272名来自普通人群的无脊柱侧凸个体施测了脊柱外观问卷图形部分（pSAQ）。比较了脊柱侧凸患者与无脊柱侧凸个体之间，以及脊柱侧凸组内不同治疗组和性别之间的差异。脊柱侧凸患者的平均年龄（95%置信区间）为36.2（35.5-36.9）岁，无脊柱侧凸个体为40.2（37.9-42.4）岁。脊柱侧凸患者的pSAQ总分为12.3（12.1-12.5），无脊柱侧凸个体为7.4（7.3-7.6）（P < 0.001，经年龄和性别校正）。未治疗者的pSAQ总分为11.5（11.1-11.9），支具治疗者为13.0（12.6-13.3），手术治疗者为12.3（11.9-12.6）（P < 0.001，经性别和弯曲大小校正）。特发性脊柱侧凸男性和女性之间的pSAQ总分无差异（P = 0.22，经年龄和弯曲大小校正）。本研究表明，特发性脊柱侧凸患者对其身体外观的关注多于无脊柱侧凸个体。未治疗者对其脊柱外观的困扰程度低于已治疗者。脊柱侧凸男性和女性对其脊柱外观的感知无显著差异。
[英文摘要] Cross-sectional. The aim of this study was to describe the self-experienced trunk appearance in individuals with and without idiopathic scoliosis. Idiopathic scoliosis is the most common spinal deformity. A large scoliotic deformity increases the risk of back pain and pulmonary dysfunction. The deformity has also a psychological impact. The pictorial part of the spinal appearance questionnaire (pSAQ) was administered to 1416 individuals with idiopathic scoliosis (386 untreated, 529 brace treated, 501 surgically treated) and 272 individuals without scoliosis from the general population. Comparisons were made between individuals with and without scoliosis, between treatment groups and sex in the scoliosis group. Mean (95% confidence interval) age of the individuals with scoliosis was 36.2 (35.5-36.9) years and for the individuals without scoliosis 40.2 (37.9-42.4). pSAQ total was 12.3 (12.1-12.5) for individuals with scoliosis and 7.4 (7.3-7.6) for individuals without scoliosis (P < 0.001, adjusted for age and sex). pSAQ total was 11.5 (11.1-11.9) for untreated, 13.0 (12.6-13.3) for brace treated, and 12.3 (11.9-12.6) for surgically treated individuals (P < 0.001, adjusted for sex and curve size). The pSAQ total between males and females with idiopathic scoliosis did not differ (P = 0.22 adjusted for age and curve size). This study shows that individuals with idiopathic scoliosis have more concern about their body appearance than individuals without scoliosis. Untreated individuals are not as bothered of their spinal appearance as treated individuals. Males and females with scoliosis do not differ significantly in the perception of their spinal appearance. 3.
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15. Update on the management of idiopathic scoliosis.
15. 特发性脊柱侧凸治疗进展PMID:日期:2009-02[中文摘要] 特发性脊柱侧凸是指原因不明的脊柱侧向弯曲超过10度。本文综述了目前关于特发性脊柱侧凸患者适当评估与治疗的文献。改进的技术和手术方法使这些患者能够获得更好的弯曲矫正和生活质量。具体而言，椎弓根螺钉内固定系统能够为脊柱畸形提供优良的弯曲矫正和稳定。特发性脊柱侧凸是一种排除性诊断，对脊柱侧凸患者的诊疗思路应以排除其他可能病因为目标。对于需要治疗的脊柱侧凸患者，支具应作为一线治疗，并且应对这些患者进行密切随访以追踪弯曲进展。保守治疗失败的患者可接受椎弓根螺钉内固定脊柱融合术。对脊柱侧凸患者进行警惕性监测和全面评估，能够以审慎的方式引导患者接受适当的管理，从而预防脊柱侧凸可能悄然造成的显著医学并发症和畸形。
[英文摘要] Idiopathic scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine greater than 10 degrees for which there is no known cause. This paper reviews the current literature on the appropriate evaluation and treatment of patients with idiopathic scoliosis. Improved technology and surgical techniques are allowing improved curve correction and improved quality of life for these patients. Specifically, the pedicle screw construct can provide excellent curve correction and stabilization for spinal deformities. Idiopathic scoliosis is a diagnosis of exclusion and the approach to a patient with scoliosis should aim toward ruling out other possible causes. In those patients with scoliosis necessitating treatment, bracing should be the first line of treatment and these patients should be followed up closely to track curve progression. Patients who fail conservative management may undergo spinal fusion with pedicle screw instrumentation. Vigilant monitoring and thorough evaluation of scoliosis patients can steer patients toward appropriate management in a judicious manner preventing the significant medical morbidity and deformity that scoliosis can insidiously inflict.
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16. Correction of experimental scoliosis by rib resection in the transverse plane.
16. 经横断面肋骨切除矫正实验性脊柱侧凸PMID:期刊:Journal of spinal disorders PubMed日期:1997-06[中文摘要] 对具有明显进展潜能的实验性脊柱侧凸，采用在弯曲凹侧切除肋骨的方法进行治疗，并研究了横断面胸廓和椎体的变化。将24只鸡分为四个等量组（R组、P组、PR组和C组），并在3日龄时对P组和PR组施行松果体切除术。在R组，于4周龄时切除三根单侧肋骨。在PR组，若4周龄前出现大于20度的脊柱侧凸，则于4周龄时切除脊柱侧凸凹侧的三根肋骨。C组作为对照组。在20周龄时拍摄脊柱X线片和顶椎的计算机断层扫描，并评估脊柱畸形。R组和P组脊柱侧凸明显进展，而PR组则较轻。所有组的顶椎均向弯曲凸侧旋转，其方式与人类特发性脊柱侧凸相同。在PR组中，Cobb角和顶椎旋转角均对称性地受到抑制。本研究表明，当在脊柱侧凸的凹侧进行肋骨切除时，可能不仅在额状面而且在轴状面上控制脊柱侧凸的进展。尽管该实验在鸡中获得了成功，但在人类中的应用尚不确定。
[英文摘要] Experimental scoliosis with the potential for marked progression was treated by rib resection on the concave side of the curve, and the alterations of the rib cage and vertebrae in the transverse plane were investigated. Twenty-four chickens were divided into four equal groups (groups R, P, PR, and C) and pinealectomy was performed at 3 days of age in groups P and PR. In group R, three unilateral ribs were resected at the age of 4 weeks. In group PR, three ribs on the concave side of scoliosis were resected at 4 weeks of age if scoliosis of > 20 degrees developed before the age of 4 weeks. Group C served as a control. Spinal radiographs and computed tomography scans at the apical vertebrae were taken at 20 weeks of age, and spinal deformities were evaluated. Scoliosis developed markedly in groups R and P, whereas it was mild in group PR. The apical vertebrae rotated to the convex side of the curve in all groups, in the same way as it would in human idiopathic scoliosis. In group PR, the Cobb angle and the rotation angle of the apical vertebra were symmetrically suppressed. This study indicated that rib resection might control the progression of scoliosis not only in the frontal plane but also in the axial plane when it was done on the concave side of the scoliosis. Although this experiment succeeded in chickens, application in humans is uncertain.
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17. Structural scoliosis model in dogs with experimentally induced syringomyelia.
17. 实验性诱导脊髓空洞症犬的结构性脊柱侧凸模型PMID:日期:1997-03-15[中文摘要] 与脊髓空洞症相关的动物脊柱侧凸模型。探讨高岭土诱导的犬脊髓空洞症所产生脊柱侧凸的发病机制。将高岭土注入枕大池可产生基底池蛛网膜炎，进而导致脑积水和脊髓空洞症。目前尚无关于高岭土诱导的脊髓空洞症相关脊柱侧凸的报道。在11只出生后6至8周的比格犬中，经皮将高岭土注入枕大池。获取了X线片、计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像。对脊髓和椎旁肌进行了组织学检查。采用钙黄绿素和四环素标记分析脊柱的结构变化。9只犬发生脑积水。5只犬出现交通性脊髓空洞症。2只犬发生轻度脊柱侧凸，1只犬发生严重颈椎脊柱侧凸。在脊髓空洞症病例中，脊髓内可见急性或亚急性炎症改变。脊柱侧凸动物的前角和后角细胞损害较非脊柱侧凸动物更为明显。在3例脊髓空洞症病例中（包括2例脊柱侧凸病例），椎旁肌显示神经源性改变。在严重脊柱侧凸中，畸形椎体似乎使畸形减轻而非加重。尽管注意到脊柱侧凸的发生与中枢神经系统功能障碍存在病因学关系，但其确切机制尚无法确定。该模型可能有助于实验性研究脊柱侧凸。
[英文摘要] Animal scoliosis model associated with syringomyelia. To investigate the pathogenesis of scoliosis produced in dogs with kaolin-induced syringomyelia. Kaolin injected into the cisterna magna produces basilar arachnoiditis, leading to hydrocephalus and syringomyelia. There have been no reports on scoliosis associated with kaolin-induced syringomyelia. Kaolin was injected percutaneously into the cisterna magna of 11 beagles 6-8 weeks after birth. Roentgenograms, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging were obtained. The spinal cord and the paraspinal muscles were examined histologically. Structural changes of the vertebral column were analyzed with calcein and tetracycline labeling. Hydrocephalus occurred in nine dogs. A communicating syringomyelia appeared in five dogs. Mild scoliosis developed in two dogs, and severe cervical scoliosis in one dog. In the syringomyelia cases, acute or subacute inflammatory changes were found in the spinal cord. Damage of the anterior and posterior horn cells was more marked in the scoliotic animals than in the nonscoliotic animals. In three of the syringomyelia cases, including two scoliosis cases, the paraspinal muscles revealed neurogenic changes. The deformed vertebrae appeared to diminish rather than to increase the deformity in severe scoliosis. The exact mechanism of the development of scoliosis could not be identified, although an etiologic relation with malfunction of the central nervous system was noted. This model may be useful to study scoliosis experimentally.
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18. Normal electroencephalograms in idiopathic scoliosis.
18. 特发性脊柱侧凸的正常脑电图PMID:期刊:Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica PubMed日期:1986-06[中文摘要] 25 例无已知神经系统疾病的特发性脊柱侧凸患儿和 25 例年龄、性别相匹配的对照者接受了标准脑电图检查，并进行盲法判读。25 例特发性脊柱侧凸患儿的脑电图均正常，24 例对照者脑电图正常。我们的研究不支持特发性脊柱侧凸存在中枢神经系统病因的观点。
[英文摘要] Twenty-five children with idiopathic scoliosis and without known neurologic disease and 25 age- and sex-matched controls had a standard electroencephalogram (EEG) performed and scrutinised blind. The EEGs were normal in the 25 children with idiopathic scoliosis and 24 controls were normal. Our study does not support the view that idiopathic scoliosis has a central neurologic cause.
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19. [Acrodysplasia (hands and feet) with scoliosis, by autosomal recessive transmission].
19. [肢端发育不良（手和足）伴脊柱侧凸，常染色体隐性遗传]PMID:期刊:Annales de genetique PubMed日期:1984[中文摘要] 短指畸形见于两兄弟，其父母为近亲婚配（1/8）。其他异常特征包括脊柱侧凸、隐性脊柱裂和腕骨融合。
[英文摘要] Brachydactyly is reported in two brothers born to consanguineous parents (1/8). Additional abnormal features were scoliosis, spina bifida occulta, and carpal synostosis.
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20. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: diagnosis and management.
20. 青少年特发性脊柱侧凸：诊断和治疗PMID:日期:2014-02-01[中文摘要] 青少年特发性脊柱侧凸是最常见的脊柱侧凸类型，约影响2%至4%的青少年。男性和女性的脊柱侧凸发病率大致相同；然而，女性发生侧凸进展的风险高达男性的10倍。尽管大多数脊柱侧凸青少年不会出现临床症状，但脊柱侧凸可进展为肋骨畸形和呼吸功能受损，并可对部分患者造成显著的外观问题和情绪困扰。数十年来，脊柱侧凸筛查一直是青少年学校体检的常规组成部分。美国预防服务工作组和美国家庭医师学会不建议对无症状青少年进行常规脊柱侧凸筛查，认为筛查带来的危害大于获益，因为筛查使许多低风险青少年接受了不必要的X线检查和转诊。相比之下，脊柱侧凸研究学会、美国骨科医师学会、美国儿科学会以及北美小儿骨科学会认为，早期发现脊柱侧凸的潜在获益使筛查项目具有合理性，但在决定哪些筛查阳性患者需要进一步评估时应更加谨慎。初级保健医师的目标是识别有发生脊柱侧凸相关问题风险的患者，同时避免对不太可能进一步出现问题的患者进行过度检查和过度转诊。采用Adam前屈试验和脊柱侧凸测量仪进行体格检查，可指导合理使用放射学检查测量Cobb角及进行骨科转诊。治疗方案包括观察、支具和手术。
[英文摘要] Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is the most common form of scoliosis, affecting approximately 2% to 4% of adolescents. The incidence of scoliosis is about the same in males and females; however, females have up to a 10-fold greater risk of curve progression. Although most youths with scoliosis will not develop clinical symptoms, scoliosis can progress to rib deformity and respiratory compromise, and can cause significant cosmetic problems and emotional distress for some patients. For decades, scoliosis screenings were a routine part of school physical examinations in adolescents. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and American Academy of Family Physicians recommend against routine scoliosis screening in asymptomatic adolescents, concluding that harm from screening outweighs the benefit because screenings expose many low-risk adolescents to unnecessary radiographs and referrals. In contrast, the Scoliosis Research Society, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, American Academy of Pediatrics, and Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America suggest that the potential benefit of detecting scoliosis early justifies screening programs, but greater care should be used in deciding which patients with positive screening results need further evaluation. The goal for primary care physicians is to identify patients who are at risk of developing problems from scoliosis, without overtesting or overreferring patients who are unlikely to have further problems. Physical examination with the Adam's forward bend test and a scoliometer measurement can guide judicious use of radiologic testing for Cobb angle measurement and orthopedic referrals. Treatment options include observation, braces, and surgery.