npj Flexible Electronicsnpj柔性电子
npj Flexible Electronics(英文缩写 NPJ FLEX ELECTRON),ISSN 2397-4621,eISSN 2397-4621,中文译名:npj柔性电子 是一本学术期刊。本页汇总该期刊的最新影响因子、分区信息以及最新收录于 PubMed 的文献,帮助您快速了解期刊全貌。
发文量统计区间：2025-11-01 至 2026-10-31，按本站收录文献的发表日期统计。
期刊介绍
npj Flexible Electronics 最新收录文献
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1. Paper-based lead-free thin film X-ray detectors with high sensitivity and superior environmental stability.
PMID:日期:2026-06-13Low-dimensional, lead-free halide perovskites are promising candidates for next-generation radiation detectors due to their favorable optoelectronic properties and environmental safety. Among them, CsBiBr has thus attracted significant attention for its layered structure and intrinsic stability. Although CsBiBr has already been explored for X-ray detection, simple and scalable fabrication routes for its thin films on flexible low-cost substrates remain underdeveloped. Here, we demonstrate a sustainable, all-dry abrasion method to directly deposit CsBiBr thin films onto biodegradable office-grade printing paper at room temperature, enabling the fabrication of flexible, lead-free X-ray detectors. The resulting devices exhibit a resistivity of 6.9 × 10 Ω cm and a mobility-lifetime () product of 9.07 × 10- cm² V⁻¹, yielding X-ray detection sensitivities of 660-860��μC Gy⁻¹ cm⁻². Reducing the electrode spacing to 50 μm further enhances sensitivity to ~28,000 μC Gy cm which is one of the largest values that reported for thin film-based X-ray detectors, indicating strong potential for miniaturized applications. In addition to high sensitivity, the devices deliver effective imaging performance with a spatial resolution of 1.0 lp/mm (with 28 cm between X-ray source and detectors) and retain stable operation after more than 30 days of air exposure. This work introduces a green and scalable platform for developing high-performance, lead-free, and environmentally sustainable X-ray detectors.
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2. Liquid metal nano-gyroid stretchable transparent conductor for ultra-resilient optoelectronics and electroluminescence.
PMID:日期:2026-05-14The brittle nature of today's displays, solar cells, and touchscreens leads to adverse economic and environmental impacts, driving the need for thin-film, flexible optoelectronics that are resistant to strain, impact, sharp objects, and liquids. This vision requires cost-effective, scalable production of ultra-resilient transparent conductors capable of withstanding millions of deformation cycles-challenges that nanowire-based electrodes have yet to overcome. In nature, particular insect wings achieve a unique blend of transparency, resilience, and lightness. This inspired us to develop liquid metal-based transparent conductors with nature-inspired gyroid-like nanostructures that outperformed nanowire-based counterparts significantly in conductivity and stretchability (7×), withstanding a record-breaking strain of 1400% and unprecedented stability over 100,000 strain cycles. Unlike nanowire-based electrodes, this electrode is simple, low-cost, scalable, and recyclable. The formation of such a nano-scaffold is beyond the reach of lithographic techniques but is enabled by our unconventional technique: graphene-assisted self-assembly of liquid metal nanodroplets into a porous 3D microstructure. We demonstrate mechanically resilient soft-matter electroluminescent displays with high light intensity and extend their applications to soft robotics, light-emitting muscles, energy harvesting, transparent heaters, and UV sensors. By harnessing the deformability of liquid metal, we demonstrate a transparent pressure-sensing film that converts any display into a pressure-sensing interface.
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3. Digital and scalable laser-based fabrication of reusable bismuth telluride thermoelectrics with superior performance and mechanical flexibility.
3. 数字化可扩展的激光制造技术用于制备具有优异性能和机械柔性的可重复使用碲化铋热电材料PMID:日期:2026-04-10[中文摘要] 热电材料（TEs）能够将废热转化为电能，同时实现按需加热与制冷。这些特性使热电材料在满足可穿戴设备与物联网（IoT）的多样化需求方面尤为具有吸引力。然而，当前热电材料在形态因子和可扩展性方面存在局限。为解决这些限制，本工作展示了一种可扩展、柔性且具有潜在可重复使用性的热电平台，该平台通过激光粉末床熔融（LPBF）技术制备，采用优化的n型BiTe和p型BiSbTe材料。这些激光打印材料表现出超过1200 μW m K的高功率因子，使热电优值（）大于0.2。当集成到柔性平面器件中时，在温差Δ = 40 K、占地面积8.3 cm的条件下，输出功率可达70 μW。该器件在弯曲半径小至7.5 mm时仍保持电学功能，并经受住超过500次弯曲循环。该器件以耐久性和可回收性为设计目标，因极端弯曲而损坏的器件可通过热压部分修复。此外，器件可轻松拆解为半器件模块，从而实现打印材料的简便分离和潜在回收。通过“主动散热鳍片”实现方式展示了器件的多功能性，该方式能够在曲面上实现高效的贯穿平面热收集。该配置可在环境条件下从实际供暖系统的热水管道中收集高达27 μW的能量。此外，还实现了快速且可逆的珀尔帖驱动制冷（数秒内低于室温约3 °C）。本工作凸显了数字化制造的多功能柔性热电材料在下一代物联网节点和可穿戴电子设备的能量收集与热管理方面的潜力。
[英文摘要] Thermoelectrics (TEs) convert waste heat into electrical power while enabling on-demand heating and cooling. Those attributes make TEs particularly appealing to satisfy the heterogeneous needs of wearables and the Internet of Things (IoT). However, current TEs are limited in terms of form factor and scalability. To address these limitations, this work demonstrates a scalable, flexible, and potentially reusable thermoelectric platform produced via the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) of optimized n-type BiTe and p-type BiSbTe materials. These laser-printed materials exhibited high power factors exceeding 1200 μW m K, resulting in a figure of merit () greater than 0.2. When integrated into flexible planar devices, an output power of up to 70 μW was achieved at Δ = 40 K for a footprint area of 8.3 cm. The devices maintained electrical functionality under bending radii as small as 7.5 mm and withstood over 500 bending cycles. Designed for durability and recyclability, devices damaged by extreme bending could be partially reconditioned via hot pressing. Furthermore, the devices were easily disassembled into half-device modules, enabling straightforward separation and potential recovery of the printed materials. The versatility of the devices was demonstrated through the "active cooling fins" implementation, allowing efficient through-plane thermal harvesting on curved surfaces. This configuration could harvest up to 27 μW from the hot water pipe of a real heating system in ambient conditions. Additionally, rapid and reversible Peltier-driven cooling (~3 °C below room temperature within a few seconds) was achieved. This work highlights the potential of digitally manufactured, multifunctional flexible TEs for next-generation energy harvesting and thermal management in IoT nodes and wearable electronics.
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4. Soft bionic actuation explains the functional role of whisking in seal whisker sensing.
4. 软仿生驱动解释了海豹胡须感知中触须摆动所起的功能性作用PMID:日期:2026-03-20[中文摘要] 海豹展现出卓越的能力，即使在完全黑暗中，也能利用其超灵敏的胡须高精度地导航和探测水下猎物。这些胡须结合了两项关键适应特征：波浪形形态，可抑制自诱导振动；以及节律性摆动，可主动探测周围水体。此前大多数关于基于胡须的水动力传感研究都集中于静态人工胡须，使得摆动在功能上的作用在很大程度上尚未被探索。我们发现，波浪形的港海豹胡须所产生的涡激振动（VIV）比加州海狮胡须低三倍，信噪比（SNR）则高出五十倍以上。为研究摆动在胡须传感性能中的功能作用，我们将一种由电液软驱动器构成的人工肌肉集成到天然胡须的基部，从而实现对刚度的精确控制和节律性摆动。最后，我们开发了一种仿生海豹吻部，每侧具有30根天然胡须，能够以可变角度和频率进行摆动，密切模拟自然动力学。我们的结果表明，波浪形形态和主动胡须前伸对于海豹实现足够高的信噪比以追踪猎物踪迹至关重要。
[英文摘要] Seals exhibit exceptional ability to navigate and detect underwater prey with high precision, even in complete darkness using their ultra-sensitive whiskers. These whiskers combine two key adaptations: undulatory morphology, which suppresses self-induced vibrations and rhythmic whisking, which actively probes surrounding water. Most previous studies of whisker-based hydrodynamic sensing focused on static artificial whiskers, leaving the functional role of whisking largely unexplored. We show that undulated harbor seal whiskers exhibit threefold lower vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) and over fiftyfold higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than California sea lion whiskers. To study the functional role of whisking in the sensing performance of the whiskers, an artificial muscle comprised of an electrohydraulic soft actuator was integrated at the base of a natural whisker, allowing precise stiffness control and rhythmic whisking. Finally, we developed a bionic seal muzzle with 30 natural whiskers per side, capable of whisking at variable angles and frequencies, closely mimicking natural dynamics. Our results indicate that undulatory morphology and active whisker protraction are essential for seals to achieve sufficiently high SNR to track prey trails.
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5. Programmable somatosensory soft robots.
5. 可编程体感软机器人PMID:日期:2026-03-07Robotic intelligence has advanced greatly in the past decade. Nevertheless, integrating embodied intelligent and responsive behavior into soft robotic systems remains challenging because it typically requires bulky hardware for environmental feedback and decision-making. While soft materials like poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) offer potential for simplified material-based actuation through temperature-responsive motion, their slow response and high energy demands limit their use in closed-loop control systems. To overcome this limitation, we present soft PNIPAM-based actuators with integrated hydrogel-based Joule heating, enabling localized actuation without significantly altering the temperature within 1 cm of the actuator. The potential of the material is demonstrated by processing it into a soft gripper that can lift up to three-fold its own weight with integrated capability to adjust its actuation in response to the gripped object. This design is well-suited for energy-efficient manipulation and sorting of delicate items, such as those found in automated packaging systems.
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6. Multifunctional, energy-autonomous textile sensors enabled by spray-coated two-dimensional heterostructures.
6. 由喷涂二维异质结构实现的多功能、能源自主纺织品传感器PMID:日期:2026-02-24Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer unprecedented opportunities for energy-autonomous wearable electronics, yet their scalable and environmentally friendly integration into textiles remains a major challenge. Here, we introduce an ultrasonic spray-coating method to fabricate water-processable, surfactant-free 2D heterostructures comprising graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) as electronic dyes on textile fabrics. The resulting lightweight (~1 g/device), flexible textile-integrated triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) demonstrate a record-high power density of 793 mW m among single-phase TMD-based textile devices. These TENGs enable self-powered, wearable detection of environmental and physiological parameters, including atmospheric humidity, body temperature, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as acetone and styrene, via a tap-to-sense mechanism. The sensor achieves a record-breaking responsivity of 126% for styrene vapours, making it the first wearable, self-powered styrene sensor. The device's multifunctionality - driven by thermal modulation of charge transport in the MoS layer - enables reliable body temperature detection with minimal cross-sensitivity to humidity or VOCs, crucial under real-world fluctuations. The sensor maintains mechanical resilience and operational stability over 80 days of continuous use and after 200 bending cycles. This work advances scalable, sustainable strategies for multifunctional, self-powered textile sensors and paves the way toward wearable personalised healthcare technologies with accurate multiparameter sensing.
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7. High output power low temperature polysilicon thin-film transistor boost converters for large-area sensor and actuator applications.
7. 用于大面积传感器和执行器应用的高输出功率低温多晶硅薄膜晶体管升压转换器PMID:日期:2026-01-27[中文摘要] 大面积电子传感器与执行器阵列是适用于薄膜晶体管（TFT）技术的系统，在消费电子到医疗健康领域具有众多应用。为使这些阵列成为现实，研究者已投入大量精力。然而，为这些阵列供电的功率传输电路研究在很大程度上仍未被探索。本工作深入研究了低温多晶硅（LTPS）技术中高输出功率升压转换器的设计权衡与特性表征。所提出的升压转换器可提供0.62至2.17 W的输出功率，比先前的TFT方案高出数个数量级，效率范围为47%至69.5%。这些升压转换器使得大面积传感器与执行器阵列的实现成为可能，并为该领域的未来研究奠定了基础。
[英文摘要] Large-area electronic sensor and actuator arrays are suitable systems for thin-film transistor (TFT) technology with numerous applications from consumer electronics to healthcare. Considerable effort is being spent to make these arrays a reality. However, research on the power delivery circuits that supply these arrays has remained largely unexplored. This work delves into the design trade-offs and characterization of high output power boost converters in low-temperature polysilicon (LTPS) technology. The proposed boost converters deliver 0.62-2.17 W of output power, orders of magnitude above prior TFT solutions, with efficiencies ranging from 47 to 69.5%. These boost converters enable the realization of large-area sensor and actuator arrays and set the foundation for future research in this area.
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8. A wireless implantable sensory ring for continuous airway stent migration tracking.
8. 一种用于持续追踪气道支架移位的无线植入式传感环PMID:日期:2026-01-14Airway stents play a vital role in managing central airway obstruction (CAO) caused by lung cancer and other pulmonary diseases by providing structural support to collapsed airways and restoring airflow. However, complications such as stent migration often require urgent medical intervention while early monitoring is essential to reduce the risk. Regular monitoring through bronchoscopy requires anesthesia in the hospital, which causes pain and an economic burden on patients. Computed tomography involves risky radiation and lacks the ability to provide continuous, real-time feedback outside of hospital settings. Here we report a fundamental mechanism of wireless tracking based on magnetic field in a wirelessly powered sensory ring integrated on an airway stent. The sensory ring is designed for continuous, real-time monitoring of stent position and orientation. This sensory ring, integrating an on-board magnetic sensor, and a wearable magnetic field generation system, enable accurate localization by detecting the magnetic field generated externally. The sensory ring is powered wirelessly via a charging coil, ensuring long-term operation. Our system achieves tracking accuracy of 0.5 mm and 2.2 degrees, with a temporal resolution of 0.2 Hz. Beyond migration monitoring, the sensor also detects airway deformation, offering the potential to sense pathological changes associated with lung cancer and other pulmonary conditions. By eliminating the need for radiation-based imaging or bronchoscopy, this approach enables safe, long-term surveillance of stent patency and surrounding tissue conditions. The proposed sensing mechanism and platform are also adaptable in other organs, such as the esophagus, for monitoring stent migration and deformation.
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9. Ultrasound-transparent neural interfaces for multimodal interaction.
9. 用于多模态交互的超声透明神经接口PMID:日期:2026-01-08Neural interfaces that unify diagnostic and therapeutic functionalities hold particular promise for advancing both fundamental neuroscience and clinical neurotechnology. Functional ultrasound imaging (fUSI) has recently emerged as a powerful modality for high-resolution, non-invasive monitoring of brain function and structure. However, conventional metal-based microelectrodes typically impede ultrasound propagation, limiting compatibility with fUSI. Here, we present flexible, ultrasound-transparent neural interfaces that retain practical metal thicknesses while achieving high acoustic transparency. We introduce a theoretical and simulation-based framework to investigate the conditions under which commonly used polymers and metals in neural interfaces can become acoustically transparent. Based on these insights, we propose design guidelines that maximise ultrasound transmission through soft neural interfaces. We experimentally validate our approach through immersion experiments and by demonstrating the acoustic transparency of a suitably engineered interface using fUSI in phantom and in vivo experiments. Finally, we discuss the potential extension of this approach to therapeutic focused ultrasound (FUS). This work establishes a foundation for the development of multimodal neural interfaces with enhanced diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities, enabling both scientific discovery and translational impact.
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10. An ultrasound imaging system exploiting transducers and multiplexers on a flexible substrate together with a log-delta CMOS ADC.
10. 一种利用柔性基底上的换能器和多路复用器以及对数增量型CMOS模数转换器的超声成像系统PMID:日期:2025-10-13Ultrasound (US) imaging is a fundamental tool in healthcare for the diagnosis of diverse conditions. Wearable, flexible ultrasound patches could expand the scope of US imaging to continuous, at-home monitoring without professional intervention, but require scaling to large numbers of transducer elements. This poses challenges in interconnect density, power consumption, and data bandwidth. To improve interconnect density, we present the first integration of flexible ultrasound transducers with flexible a-IGZO thin-film transistor (TFT) multiplexing electronics. In the Si CMOS readout chip, a new circuit technique cuts front-end power, while a log-delta ADC compresses data efficiently. Our system achieves an 8× reduction in required front-end circuitry and a 42% decrease in front-end power. The data needed to describe the ultrasound image are reduced five-fold, decreasing data transmission power by the same factor. These advances bring the vision of wearable high-density, large-area ultrasound imaging patches for monitoring one step closer.