JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY普通病毒学杂志
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY(英文缩写 J GEN VIROL),ISSN 0022-1317,eISSN 1465-2099,中文译名:普通病毒学杂志 是一本学术期刊。本页汇总该期刊的最新影响因子、分区信息以及最新收录于 PubMed 的文献,帮助您快速了解期刊全貌。
发文量统计区间：2025-09-28 至 2026-09-28，按本站收录文献的发表日期统计。
期刊介绍
历年影响因子趋势
| JCR 数据年份 | 影响因子 | JCR 分区 |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 5.141 | Q2 |
| 2022 | 3.800 | Q2 |
| 2023 | 3.600 | Q2 |
| 2024 | 4.300 | Q1 |
| 2025 | 3.800 | Q2 |
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY 最新收录文献
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1. {"_":"Cellular PrP deposition identified at the maternal-foetal interface of chronic wasting disease-infected cervids.","sup":["CWD"]}
PMID:日期:2026-09-01Vertical transmission has been identified as a viable route of transmission in the spread of chronic wasting disease (CWD), yet demonstration of trafficking mechanism(s) at the maternal-foetal interface has been limited. Conventional assays, including immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western blot and ELISA, often fail to detect low concentrations of the aberrant prion protein (PrP). Contemporary amyloid conversion assays can detect low concentrations of prion seeding activity but lack the ability to localize prion seeds within specific cellular structures of tissues. In this study, we developed an enhanced immunohistochemical approach, as IHC uniquely enables cellular localization, to reveal prion deposition in maternal-foetal tissues from experimentally infected Reeves' muntjac. After confirming improved sensitivity of amplification-IHC (AMP-IHC) in lymphoid tissues, we applied the assay to placentomes and uterine samples, comparing the results to matched tissue sections assessed by conventional IHC. AMP-IHC consistently detected PrP deposition that was undetected by conventional IHC, including its presence within the uterine glandular epithelium and glandular lumen. These observations provide the first histological evidence depicting prion association with uterine glands - structures responsible for secreting vital nutrients during early pregnancy. The presence of PrP in these structures supports the hypothesis that the developing conceptus can be exposed to prions . Our findings expand upon earlier studies demonstrating vertical CWD transmission and highlight AMP-IHC as a valuable tool for identifying low-level prion accumulation in tissues where conventional IHC proves insufficient.
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2. Langerhans cells as targets of rabies virus immune evasion.
PMID:日期:2026-09-01Rabies virus (RABV) is a neurotropic virus of the genus that causes a nearly always fatal encephalitis in humans once it reaches the central nervous system. Dog bites are a major transmission route of RABV, and following superficial skin exposure, RABV first encounters epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs), yet their role in early infection remains poorly understood. Here, we show that exposure of immature human epidermal LCs to RABV leads to RABV association with cells in the absence of productive viral replication. RABV-exposed LCs display reduced cytokine and type I IFN responses and lack induction of IFN-stimulated genes, indicating suppression of antiviral signalling pathways. Together, these findings suggest that RABV is efficiently taken up by immature LCs, which dampens the antiviral immune responses of LCs, potentially facilitating immune evasion at the skin entry site.
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3. Amino acid homorepeats in tape measure proteins correlate with bacteriophage tail length.
PMID:日期:2026-09-01The tape measure protein (TMP) dictates the tail length of tailed bacteriophages. However, the sequence features that drive the process of length fine-tuning have not yet been described. Tandem repeats (TRs), stretches of aas organized as multiple adjacent copies of the same or very similar sequence motif, are contributors to TMP length variation. Homorepeats (polyX regions) are a specific type of TRs composed of stretches of identical aas, forming low-complexity regions that contribute to protein structural flexibility and dynamics. Here, we performed a large-scale analysis of polyX regions across 12 million phage proteins to test whether these homorepeats help explain the variable length of flexible phage tails. PolyX tracts were detected in 41% of all phage proteins and in 95.5% of TMPs, with polyA, polyG, polyS and polyT dominating the composition. Furthermore, the number of polyX tracts in TMPs scaled directly with protein length. About half of the TMPs have both polyX and TRs (23,469 out of 45,500 TMPs), but nearly half of the polyX-containing TMPs lacked any TRs (19,999 out of 43,468 TMPs), showing that polyX are independent features rather than by-products of larger repeats. Morphological comparisons showed that phages with long and flexible tails (Siphovirus morphotype) combine polyX and TRs, whereas shorter or contractile-tailed phages rely mostly on polyX. Last, the total aa content in polyX regions correlated significantly with experimentally measured tail lengths (²=0.811, =1.56×10⁴). Our results identify polyX tracts as an important and tunable component of TMPs that enable precise control of phage tail length.
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4. Bovine mammary tissues are susceptible to infection by viruses bearing panzootic H5N1 influenza A virus glycoproteins.
4. 牛乳腺组织易受携带泛兽疫性H5N1甲型流感病毒糖蛋白的病毒感染PMID:日期:2026-09-01The emergence of the panzootic clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza in 2020 marked a major expansion in the host range of influenza A viruses (IAVs), raising concerns about further cross-species transmission events and zoonotic spillover. The introduction of 2.3.4.4b viruses into US dairy herds has resulted in widespread circulation, accompanied by reduced milk yield, mastitis and high viral loads in milk. Notably, virus circulation in dairy cattle represents a novel route for mammalian adaptation and transmission that has already led to more than 40 human cases in the USA since 2024. As haemagglutinin (HA) is the primary determinant of viral host range and tissue tropism, we investigated whether viruses containing the glycoproteins of avian H5N1 subclade 2.3.4.4b viruses could infect mammary tissue from Aberdeen Angus, Holstein Friesian and Limousin cattle. Using mammary gland explants, we inoculated tissues with attenuated reassortant viruses expressing the HA and neuraminidase (NA) of three 2.3.4.4b viruses that predated the emergence of H5N1 in the US cattle: A/chicken/England/053052/2021 (AIV07), A/chicken/Scotland/054477/2021 (AIV09) and A/chicken/England/085598/2022 (AIV48). Detection of viral NP antigen by immunohistochemistry in explants from both the teat and gland cistern for all three breeds following inoculation with AIV09 and AIV48 indicates that mammary tissue from each of the three tested cattle breeds is susceptible to infection by viruses bearing H5N1 glycoproteins. Lectin staining showed expression of both α2,3- and α2,6-linked sialic acids in the mammary tissue of all donors, indicating that all three breeds have the potential to support infection with both avian- and mammalian-adapted IAVs. Together, these findings demonstrate that the mammary glands from both beef and dairy cattle breeds are susceptible to infection with viruses bearing avian-origin H5N1 glycoproteins and suggest that bovine mammary tissue may provide an environment in which diverse IAVs could co-infect the same tissue. This possibility underscores the need for further investigation and the inclusion of both beef and dairy cattle in ongoing H5N1 surveillance and risk-assessment frameworks.
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5. A two-step processing method is recommended to inactivate human sporadic M1 and V2 prions.
PMID:日期:2026-09-01Most human-acquired prion diseases result from infection with M1 or V2 prions from sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. To prevent transmission via surgical instruments, sterilization methods targeting these prions are essential. In this study, stainless steel wires coated with M1 or V2 prions were used to evaluate inactivation protocols. None of the individual treatments - autoclaving, SDS or NaOH - eliminated infectivity except for autoclaving against V2 prions. Autoclaving at 134 °C revealed distinct thermal stability between M1 and V2, with M1 exhibiting greater thermal stability. Importantly, combining methods, which we herein called two-step processing methods, achieved practical inactivation: SDS treatment followed by autoclaving at 121 °C was highly effective. Commercial alkaline detergents also proved effective against M1 prion under a combination of high pH and temperature. The inability to detect infection in our model mice using our assay system demonstrates that the infectivity titre decreased to 10⁻⁸ in M1 and 10⁻⁷ in V2. These findings indicate that synergistic approaches can achieve prion inactivation under practical conditions, supporting the need for revised sterilization protocols to prevent iatrogenic transmission.
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6. Optogenetic and temperature-dependent modulation of vesicular stomatitis virus polymerase activity by an intramolecular dimerizer.
PMID:日期:2026-09-01Optogenetic dimerization modules are widely used to regulate protein function, yet their behaviour within folded enzymes remains incompletely understood. Here, we engineered vesicular stomatitis virus by inserting an intramolecularly tethered light-inducible dimerizer into the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase [large (L) protein], enabling assessment of its effects on early viral transcription and viral replication. Blue light illumination enhanced viral replication, but reduced temperature produced a similar increase in viral replication even in the absence of light. In addition, a thermally stabilized dimerizer variant supported robust replication under dark conditions. These observations suggest that early viral transcription and viral replication are influenced by the structural and biophysical properties of the inserted dimerizer and their temperature dependence, rather than by light alone. Structural modelling suggested that permissive insertion sites are located within or adjacent to regions with low predicted Local Distance Difference Test (pLDDT) scores, whereas non-permissive insertions showed greater predicted local structural deviations, particularly in the capping domain. Although these analyses are based on predicted structures, the observed structural differences are consistent with the functional differences among insertion sites. Together, our results show that intramolecular optogenetic modules enable light- and temperature-dependent modulation of early viral transcription and replication. While the structural analyses are based on predicted models, they provide a useful framework for identifying permissive insertion sites and generate testable hypotheses regarding how the structural and biophysical properties of the inserted dimerizer may influence polymerase function.
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7. {"_":"Genomic characterization of Lao strains reveals host-associated clustering in Southeast Asian bats.","i":["Mobatvirus"]}
PMID:日期:2026-09-01While members of the genus are well-established human pathogens, the zoonotic potential of bat-associated hantavirids, particularly those within the genus , remains largely unresolved. To investigate the genetic diversity of these lineages in Southeast Asia, we conducted an expanded surveillance programme in Lao PDR from May 2023 to October 2025 in bat populations and wild animals from local wet markets. Using molecular screening and deep sequencing to characterize hantavirids from bat populations and wild animals from local wet markets, we identified 20 positive samples across four bat species, recovering coding-complete genomes for multiple novel variants. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that these viruses clustered within , resolving into two major subclades. The first subclade clustered with Quezon and Robina viruses found in fruit-eating bats. The second subclade further split into two lineages corresponding to Ðakrông and Xuân Sơn viruses, which are associated with trident and leaf-nosed bats, respectively. Despite the strong host association observed, the detection of these viruses in a wet market highlights this setting as a potential human exposure interface. These findings significantly expand the known diversity of mobatviruses in Laos and highlight the urgent need for serological surveillance in at-risk human populations to assess the potential for spillover.
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8. Bluetongue virus: current perspectives on characterisation and the need to formalise nomenclature in an era of rapidly evolving technology.
PMID:日期:2026-09-01Bluetongue virus (BTV) is a complex, transboundary arboviral pathogen that circulates globally in ruminant populations. Bluetongue disease is a World Organisation for Animal Health listed disease affecting economically important farmed ruminants. BTV is a dsRNA virus from the family that has a segmented genome. Classification of BTV traditionally focussed on antigenic characteristics. More recently, however, Sanger sequencing methods have been adopted for typing based on specific genome segment analysis and targeted whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is being more widely applied. Despite these advances, standardised approaches for analysing genomic sequencing data to better define individual BTV strains are lacking. New perspectives are needed to update and unify the current array of approaches surrounding BTV genetic characterisation nomenclature. A transition from single-segment-based serotyping and genotype descriptors to adopting WGS-derived descriptors that better describe a detected virus rather than an individual segment is required. This change will improve the ability of researchers to understand and communicate virus movement pathways with improved granularity. This review paper aims to condense the extensive literature on BTV characterisation, genomic sequencing and virus transmission from an Australian perspective. Recommendations are made to assist with clarity and uniformity around virus characterisation, including genomic definitions and more standardised BTV nomenclature.
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9. Core protein mutations are key determinants of hepatitis B virus replication during the hepatitis B e antigen-negative stage.
PMID:日期:2026-09-01The natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection comprises distinct stages resulting from virus-host interactions. A late and pivotal event in this process is hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion, marked by the abrogation of HBeAg expression, a significant reduction in viral load and the accumulation of mutations throughout the genome, particularly within the Core region. While HBeAg loss is associated with mutations in the basal core promoter and preCore regions, these alone do not account for the decreased viral load observed during this stage. To elucidate the contribution of Core variability to HBV replicative capacity, we engineered replication-competent chimeric genomes by reciprocally exchanging the core gene between a WT clone and three HBeAg-negative patient-derived isolates. These constructs were functionally characterized in Huh-7 cells to assess replication intermediates, antigen expression and viral transcriptional activity. Our findings demonstrate that mutations within the Core protein can either impair or enhance HBV replication, depending on their specific mutational patterns. Importantly, all viral replication intermediates were restored to WT levels when the WT Core protein was introduced into the HBeAg-negative genomes. Strong positive correlations between covalently closed circular DNA (CCC DNA) and other viral markers indicate that the Core protein exerts its regulatory effect primarily through regulation of CCC DNA levels. Notably, the absence of Core expression increased CCC DNA transcriptional activity, supporting a repressive role of the WT Core protein in gene expression. Collectively, these findings highlight the pivotal regulatory role of Core protein mutations in modulating HBV replication dynamics and gene expression during the HBeAg-negative phase and underscore its potential as a promising target for novel antiviral strategies.
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10. Evaluation of the contribution of the minor envelope complex glycoprotein 3 ectodomain to the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 neutralizing antibody response.
PMID:日期:2026-09-01Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses (PRRSVs) cause significant economic losses to the global swine industry. Current live attenuated vaccines are unable to effectively control PRRSV infection, and strain variability, driven by rapid mutation, complicates the development of improved vaccines. Identification of the targets of broadly neutralizing antibodies is crucial for guiding next-generation vaccine design, yet PRRSV glycoproteins bearing conserved neutralizing epitopes remain poorly defined. To address this, recombinant soluble forms of PRRSV-1 envelope glycoproteins, GP2, GP3 and GP4, were produced using mammalian cells. The screening of serum from hyperimmune pigs demonstrated GP3 as the most highly recognized of the three glycoproteins. Fluorescently tagged GP3-tetramers were utilized to isolate single B cells from a hyperimmune pig via flow cytometry. Immunoglobulin VH and VL regions were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. Fifteen unique heavy and light chain pairs were cloned and expressed as recombinant monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). mAbs were evaluated for specificity, cross-reactivity and neutralizing capacity. Antigenic sites targeted by GP3-specific mAbs were mapped to several conserved linear sequences, but mAbs did not exhibit virus neutralizing activity , suggesting that these may serve as decoy epitopes. An immunogenicity study with recombinant GP3, delivered as a protein subunit or via an RNA vector, also demonstrated a lack of neutralizing antibody response despite high GP3-binding antibody titres. Collectively, these data suggest that antibodies directed against the isolated PRRSV-1 GP3 ectodomain are unlikely to contribute substantially to neutralization. However, the workflow established for isolating porcine mAbs could be utilized in future research to further dissect the neutralizing antibody response to PRRSV.