MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE运动医学与科学
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE(英文缩写 MED SCI SPORT EXER),ISSN 0195-9131,eISSN 1530-0315,中文译名:运动医学与科学 是一本学术期刊。本页汇总该期刊的最新影响因子、分区信息以及最新收录于 PubMed 的文献,帮助您快速了解期刊全貌。
发文量统计区间：2025-09-27 至 2026-09-27，按本站收录文献的发表日期统计。
期刊介绍
历年影响因子趋势
| JCR 数据年份 | 影响因子 | JCR 分区 |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 6.289 | Q1 |
| 2022 | 4.100 | Q1 |
| 2023 | 4.100 | Q1 |
| 2024 | 3.900 | Q1 |
| 2025 | 4.000 | Q1 |
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE 最新收录文献
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1. Heat Stress and Elite Tennis Performance: A 26-Year Analysis of Grand Slam Match Dynamics in a Warming Climate.
PMID:日期:2026-09-24To evaluate the association of elevated ambient heat stress with elite men's tennis performance, match dynamics and competitive outcomes. This retrospective cohort study analyzed 13,081 men's matches in all four Grand Slam tournaments from 2000-2025, linked with localized meteorological data. Tournaments were classified as "Hot" if the mean Heat Index exceeded the local 26-year average by ≥1.0 standard deviation; remaining tournaments were classified as "Control". Categorical and continuous outcomes included measures of match completion, technical performance, competitive outcomes, and temporal match characteristics. "Hot" tournaments clustered heavily in the last decade. Elevated thermal stress inverted the winner-minus-loser age gap from -0.21 to +0.16 years (p<0.01), indicating a relative advantage for older athletes. Match pace differed between environmental conditions: median match pace was 1.47 points per minute during Hot tournaments vs. 1.53 points per minute during Control tournaments (p<0.001), and median match duration was 149 min. vs. 141 min. (p<0.001). Technical metrics showed subtle alterations, including higher double-fault rates (3.71% vs. 3.50%, p<0.001). While overall match non-completion rates and ranking upsets remained stable globally, the non-completion rate nearly doubled at the US Open (8.35% vs. 4.65%, p<0.001). Elevated Heat Index was associated with small but consistent changes in elite men's tennis match dynamics. The observed reduction in match pace is consistent with self-pacing under elevated thermal stress. These findings carry vital implications for sports sectors where the capacity to regulate effort intensity is constrained. Sporting organizations should consider proactive heat-management frameworks, including environmental monitoring, scheduling, acclimatization, and cooling interventions, to safeguard athletes' health and preserve performance.
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2. High-Protein Meal Replacement Intervention in Overweight and Obese Career Firefighters: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.
PMID:日期:2026-09-24The purpose of this cluster randomized controlled trial was to examine the effectiveness of a 14-week high-protein meal replacement (MRP) intervention on macronutrient intake, body composition, cardiometabolic health, and stair climb (SC) performance in career firefighters with overweight and obesity, and collect acceptability data to inform implementation efforts. Twenty-six fire stations (51 firefighters; 36.7±7.3yrs; 33.1±4.8kg·m -2) were randomized to a MRP or wait-list control (CON) group. The MRP group consumed one shake/day (week 1) and two shakes/day (weeks 2-14) ad libitum. The primary outcome was percent body fat (%BF) measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and secondary outcomes included macronutrient intake, body mass (BM), body mass index (BMI), regional fat distribution, resting heart rate (RHR) and blood pressure (BP), blood lipids, a weighted and timed SC task, and HR recovery (HRrec) following the SC task. Intervention acceptability was assessed in the MRP group. Linear mixed models assessed intervention effects with an alpha level set at 0.05. The MRP group improved %BF (-1.0 [-1.9, -0.06]; P=0.038) and secondary outcomes including dietary intake [increase in protein and fiber intake (P≤0.044); decrease in the CHO:PRO ratio (P=0.008)], body composition [BM, BMI, trunk fat mass (FM), and android:gynoid and trunk:limb %BF ratios (P≤0.026)], and SC HRrec (P<0.001). The MRP intervention had no significant effects on total calories, fat intake, lean mass, limb FM, RHR and BP, blood lipids, or SC time (P=0.135-0.985). Shake adherence was high (90.7±11.8%) and firefighters reported the intervention was convenient and they would continue long-term. The MRP intervention improved macronutrient intake, body composition, and SC HRrec and was well accepted, supporting a practical nutritional strategy to improve health in firefighters with overweight and obesity.
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3. The Impact of Air Temperature, Relative Humidity, and Solar Irradiance on Ultramarathon Running Speed in Women and Men.
PMID:日期:2026-09-17The running speed of women was suggested to be less impacted by heat stress than that of men in marathons, but this has been scarcely studied in ultramarathons. Lower running speeds in ultramarathons may reduce heat stress and therefore attenuate weather-related sex differences compared with marathons. We examined how air temperature, relative humidity, and solar irradiance influence running speed and the relative difference in speed between sexes during 50-161-km ultramarathons. We analyzed 1,353,878 finish times in 8,582 races held at daily-averaged air temperatures of 0-34 °C, relative humidity of 0-100%, and solar irradiance levels of 0-700 W/m 2. Using a linear mixed-effects model, we estimated running speed in women and men, and the difference in speed between sexes across weather conditions. Running speed declined in both sexes at high air temperatures, with the decline steeper in men, reducing the difference between sexes from 0.73 km/h at 0-8 °C to 0.34 km/h at 34 °C. The negative effect of high air temperature on the sex difference was most pronounced at high relative humidity, with the predicted difference declining to 0.21 km/h at 34 °C and 90% RH. Relative humidity had the opposite, but weaker, effect, increasing the sex difference by 0.07 km/h across its observed range. Solar irradiance had a small effect on running speed, and the effect did not differ significantly between men and women. In ultramarathons, women's running speed is less affected by high air temperature than men's running speed. This effect is most pronounced at high relative humidity.
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4. A Novel Preclinical Mouse Model of Voluntary Active Stretching Suppresses Mammary Tumor Progression.
PMID:日期:2026-09-17Although exercise is recommended after a breast cancer diagnosis, most survivors remain physically inactive due to cancer-related physical limitations. Identifying a gentle yet effective exercise modality is a critical but underexplored need in cancer care. This preclinical study aims to address this gap by developing a mouse model of voluntary active stretching to investigate the direct effects of gentle active stretching on mammary tumor growth and metastasis. Female FVB mice were used with a video-based customizable home-cage behavior tracking system for behavior modeling. Height-elevated food, water, and enrichment within the home cage were used to promote self-stretching in mice. Subsequently, this model was used to compare the effects of voluntary active stretching and voluntary running on tumor growth and lung metastasis in the MET-1 and 6DT1 orthotopic mammary tumor FVB mouse models. Proteomics analysis of tumor tissue was performed for mechanistic investigation. The custom cage setting effectively elicited mouse voluntarily active stretching in long-term observation. Both voluntary active stretching and voluntary running significantly suppressed tumor growth in the MET-1 orthotopic mammary tumor model, despite voluntary active stretching being a lower-intensity exercise modality. In a more metastatic 6DT1 orthotopic model, voluntary active stretching reduced primary tumor growth and the incidence of larger lung metastases, whereas voluntary running produced no effect. Proteomics analyses further suggested that voluntary active stretching may induce more favorable molecular changes in primary tumors than voluntary running. This study establishes a novel preclinical voluntary active stretching model and uncovers an underrecognized therapeutic potential of self-stretching to mitigate mouse mammary cancer progression. These findings provide preclinical evidence that voluntary active stretching has beneficial effects on tumor growth and metastasis in mice and warrants further mechanistic and clinical investigation. This study can serve as a translational bridge for developing gentle human stretching and yoga-based interventions for patients with breast cancer.
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5. Does Training Status Influence Myokine Levels and Cancer Cell Survival In Vitro? Effects of a Single Bout of Exercise in Breast Cancer Survivors.
PMID:日期:2026-09-17We investigated the impact of training status (untrained versus trained) on acute myokines with anti-cancer properties and cancer cell suppression before (untrained) and after (trained) a 12-week resistance training (RT) vs high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program. Twenty-eight breast cancer survivors completed a single bout (defined as one complete exercise session) of RT or HIIT before and after a 12-week structured RT or HIIT program. Blood was collected before, immediately and 30 minutes after each acute RT or HIIT session to measure serum levels of myokines (decorin, interleukin 6 [IL-6], secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine [SPARC], and oncostatin M [OSM]) and MDA-MB-231 cell growth in vitro. The acute session after a 12-week RT or HIIT significantly increased myokine levels compared to the acute session pre-training (p < 0.05), with elevations observed for IL-6 and OSM in RT (generalized eta squared [ges] = 0.029 to 0.131) and decorin and OSM in HIIT (ges = 0.016 to 0.031). The acute exercise session performed after 12 weeks of RT or HIIT induced significantly greater cancer-suppressive effects on MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro compared to the pre-training session (p < 0.05), with inhibitory effects observed in RT (ges = 0.156) and HIIT (ges = 0.052). A single exercise bout, whether RT or HIIT, elevates myokines and suppresses breast cancer cell growth in vitro, with greater effects after 12 weeks of training (trained individuals). RT and HIIT showed comparable outcomes, highlighting that regular exercise enhances myokines with anti-cancer properties and reduces in vitro cell growth.
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6. Exploring Neuromuscular and Biomechanical Factors Associated with Improvements in Running Economy Following Plyometric Training in Male Master Endurance Runners.
PMID:日期:2026-09-14While running economy can be improved following plyometric training, the factors associated with running economy improvements remain unclear, particularly in master endurance runners. This study aimed to identify neuromuscular and biomechanical factors associated with running economy improvements following plyometric training in male master endurance runners. Thirty-five male master endurance runners performed plyometric training twice weekly for 10 weeks. Isokinetic knee extension/flexion torques, isometric ankle dorsiflexion/plantarflexion torques, and countermovement, drop, and rebound jump performance were measured pre- and post-intervention. Running biomechanical variables and running economy at 80% velocity of V̇O2max were also recorded during a 30-minute run. To assess measurement reliability, a subset of 21 runners repeated the same protocol over ≥3 months before the intervention. A linear mixed-effects model was applied, with changes in running economy as the dependent variable and significantly associated factors (P<0.05) as predictors, and running volume as a covariate. Running economy was improved following plyometric training (-3.9%, P=0.002), with 77.1% of runners exceeding the typical error (1.45%) derived from the repeatability dataset. Changes in running economy were significantly associated with those in drop/rebound jump height and step frequency (standardized β=-0.569 to 0.490, P=0.008-0.035), explaining 51.4% of the variance in running economy improvement (P=0.005). A significant interaction between rebound-jump height and step frequency was found (P=0.048), indicating that runners who increased rebound-jump height while reducing step frequency showed greater running economy improvement. No such associations were observed in the repeatability dataset, suggesting that the observed relationships are unlikely to be explained by measurement variability. Enhanced reactive jump ability combined with a reduced step frequency following plyometric training may underlie running economy improvements in male master endurance runners.
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7. Altered Central Motor Control After ACL Reconstruction: A Muscle Synergy Analysis During High-Risk Landing.
PMID:日期:2026-09-14Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) patients face elevated secondary injury risk due to residual neuromuscular deficits, yet the neuromuscular coordination strategies underlying altered muscle coordination remain unclear. Muscle synergy (MS) analysis offers a valuable framework for elucidating these mechanisms. This study characterized MS patterns in ACLR patients during high-risk landing and their correlation with lower-extremity biomechanics. Twenty-two patients who had undergone unilateral ACLR performed a single-leg drop-land-lateral jump task using both affected and nonaffected limbs, whereas sixteen healthy controls performed the task using their dominant limb. with the limb-level data were subsequently categorized into three groups: affected, nonaffected, and control. Surface electromyography (14 muscles), kinematics, and ground reaction forces were recorded. Non-negative matrix factorization was used to extract MS spatial (muscle weighting vectors) and temporal (activation profiles) components across pre-landing, impact, and loading phases. Joint angles/moments were computed via OpenSim musculoskeletal models. Mixed-effects models and Pearson correlations assessed group differences and synergy-biomechanics associations. Compared to controls, ACLR limbs showed lower hip abduction and ankle plantarflexion angle but greater knee flexion angle at landing, accompanied by excessive pre-landing quadriceps weighting, reduced gluteal/semimembranosus contributions, and earlier but lower-amplitude synergy recruitment. Post-landing, quadriceps weighting decreased and knee-dominant synergy recruitment delayed, with compensatory redistribution toward gluteal, gastrocnemius, and tibialis anterior muscles, corresponding to reduced knee extension and increased hip extension moments. Critically, during impact, ACLR limbs lacked a dedicated frontal-plane stabilization synergy, MS4 (gluteus medius/peroneus longus), relative to the control group. A greater number of synergies in the affected limb was associated with more normative joint biomechanics. ACLR limbs exhibit persistent, limb-specific MS abnormalities across all landing phases, including altered sagittal-plane quadriceps weighting, impaired frontal-plane modular control, and dysregulated synergy timing. These central neuromuscular coordination alterations correlate with maladaptive knee biomechanics, potentially increasing secondary ACL injury risk. From a sports training perspective, targeting these specific synergy alterations, particularly the missing frontal-plane stabilization module, may inform more effective neuromuscular training protocols for safe return to sport.
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8. Fractal Correlation Properties of Heart Rate Variability Differentiates Training Intensity During and After Energy-Matched Cycling Sessions.
PMID:日期:2026-09-14Recovery optimization requires precise monitoring of physiological stress. This study examines whether detrended fluctuation analysis alpha 1 (DFAa1), a non-linear heart rate variability index, exhibits intensity-dependent responsiveness across energy-matched training sessions in cycling. Nineteen endurance-trained male participants (18-35yrs) completed three equalized workload protocols at different intensities: light (LIGHT), moderate (MOD), and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Training sessions were matched for energy expenditure by adjusting time via the formula E=P×Δt (E=Energy (J); P=power (W); Δt=time (s)). LIGHT and MOD training were conducted at first and second lactate threshold power (i.e. LT1 and LT2), respectively. HIIT followed a 10x1min protocol at 110% V̇O₂peak power, alternated with 1min rest at 80% LT1 power. Heart Rate (HR) and DFAa1 were assessed throughout the different intensity training sessions as well as during a standardized 10min warm-up (WU) and cool-down (CD) at LT1. DFAa1 showed apparent stability during LIGHT (p=0.997) and MOD sessions (p=1.000), while showing deterioration during HIIT (p<0.001). On the other hand, HR drift was apparent for all intensities (LIGHT: p=0.003; MOD: p<0.001; HIIT: p<0.001). When directly comparing DFAa1 and HR via ΔZ-scores, a significant effect was found only in MOD (p=0.008). Interestingly, DFAa1 demonstrated significant WU to CD differences for MOD and HIIT (p<0.001), but not for LIGHT (p=0.210), while HR responses showed significant WU to CD differences for all intensities (p<0.001). ΔZ-scores showed significant differences between DFAa1 and HR in MOD (p=0.039) but no significant differences in LIGHT (p=0.098) and HIIT (p=0.071). These findings seem to reinforce that DFAa1 holds promise as an objective, system-wide marker of internal workload across varying exercise domains.
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9. Strength Training Exercises to Minimize Late Effects of Childhood Leukemia or Lymphoma Among Adolescents: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.
PMID:日期:2026-09-14Adolescent cancer survivors (ACS) often have persistent impairments in muscle strength, physical function, and quality of life (QoL). This study investigates the efficacy of strength training compared with low-load circuit training in increasing muscle strength over 16 weeks among ACS. In this superiority randomized controlled trial (NCT06299722), 46 ACS aged 10-19 years were randomized 1:1 to (1) high-load progressive strength training (STEEL) targeting major muscle groups, or (2) circuit training with aerobic and strength components. Primary outcomes were changes in maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) in elbow flexion/extension and knee flexion/extension measured by handheld dynamometry from baseline to 16 weeks. Secondary outcomes included a one-repetition maximum (1RM) in the leg press and chest press, quality of life assessed with the PedsQL Core 4.0, and fatigue assessed with the PedsQL Multidimensional Fatigue. Assessments were at baseline, 8, and 16 weeks. There were no statistically significant between-group differences in MVIC at 16 weeks. Increases were observed in both groups. Compared with circuit training, STEEL was associated with greater improvements in leg press 1RM (adjusted mean difference 9.9 kg, 95% CI 0.7 to 19.1, P= 0.036) but not chest press 1RM. STEEL was also associated with better physical functioning (adjusted mean difference 7.4 points, 95% CI 0.7 to 14.0, P=0.030) and fewer sleep/rest challenges (adjusted mean difference: 11.4 points, 95% CI 3.1 to 19.6, P=0.007). No other between-group differences in quality of life were observed. High-load progressive strength training was not superior to circuit training for improving isometric muscle strength among ACS. Both groups demonstrated increased muscle strength over time, underscoring the capacity of structured exercise interventions to mitigate strength deficits in this population.
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10. Neuromechanical Determinants of Muscle-Specific Hamstring Damage and Hypertrophy across Exercises: An EMG-Informed Modeling Approach.
PMID:日期:2026-09-14Even under identical training conditions, synergistic muscles such as the hamstrings can adapt differently, with the most affected muscle varying across exercises. The aim of this study was to determine how differences in muscle alterations and adaptations (muscle damage in the acute experiment and muscle hypertrophy in the chronic experiment) are governed by neuromechanical features of exercises. Neuromusculoskeletal modelling was used to estimate semimembranosus (SM), semitendinosus (ST) and biceps femoris long head (BFlh) activation, operating length, and force during the isokinetic seated leg curl (ISO, only in acute experiment), Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE) and stiff-leg deadlift (SLD). Muscle damage and hypertrophy were quantified from changes in shear modulus and muscle volume, respectively. In the acute experiment, the ST exhibited the largest shear modulus increase after ISO (+62.2%) and NHE (+33.0%). No significant difference in shear modulus was found between SM (+16.0%), ST (-9.0%) and BFlh (+11.4%) after SLD. In the chronic experiment, hypertrophy was rather localized to the ST in NHE (+24.4%) and to the SM in SLD (+11.2%). For ISO (acute) and NHE (acute and chronic), exercise-induced adaptations were consistent and correlated with greater modeled operating length and force of the ST. However, for SLD, the slightly greater SM adaptation was not explained by between-muscle differences in force. Predictive models identified the most damaged muscle in 82% of cases and the most hypertrophied muscle in 75%. This study indicates that differences between hamstring heads in modeled muscle length, and to a lower extent muscle force, explain muscle-specific damage and hypertrophy induced by knee flexion exercises, but not during SLD. Overall, EMG-informed musculoskeletal modeling provides a promising framework to better under the role of neuromechanical parameters in muscle-specific adaptations.