非经典及诱导性新抗原作为癌症特异性免疫治疗靶点的新兴来源
Non-canonical and induced neoantigens as emerging sources of cancer-specific immunotherapy targets.
摘要(中文译文)
免疫治疗已改变肿瘤治疗格局，但其在许多肿瘤中的临床获益仍然有限，尤其是突变负荷较低的肿瘤。由于当前大多数免疫治疗策略依赖于新抗原识别，因此扩大可靶向的肿瘤特异性抗原谱至关重要。在本综述中，我们讨论非经典及治疗诱导的新抗原——来源于可变剪接、RNA编辑、转座元件和异常翻译——作为免疫治疗靶点的新兴来源，重点阐述其提高现有治疗方法疗效的潜力。我们总结支持相应新表位免疫原性的最新证据，并强调治疗诱导的抗原生成是一个有前景但尚未充分探索的方向。我们尤其关注剪接失调和化疗诱导的剪接改变对新表位形成的影响。我们认为，将非经典抗原和诱导性新抗原整合到现有免疫治疗方法中，可提高抗肿瘤疗效及所产生疗法的特异性，尤其是在突变负荷有限的肿瘤中。
Abstract
Immunotherapy has transformed cancer treatment, yet its clinical benefit remains limited in many tumors, particularly those with low mutational burden. Because most current immunotherapeutic strategies rely on neoantigen recognition, expanding the repertoire of targetable tumor-specific antigens is essential. In this review, we discuss non-canonical and therapy-induced neoantigens - derived from alternative splicing, RNA editing, transposable elements, and aberrant translation - as emerging sources of immunotherapy targets, with emphasis on their potential to improve the efficacy of current treatment approaches. We summarize recent evidence supporting the immunogenicity of corresponding neoepitopes and highlight therapy-induced antigen generation as a promising but underexplored opportunity. In particular, we focus on the impact of splicing dysregulation and chemotherapy-induced splicing alterations on neoepitope formation. We argue that integrating non-canonical and induced neoantigens into currently available immunotherapy approaches could improve antitumor efficacy and the specificity of resulting therapies, especially in tumors with limited mutational load.
如何引用
AMA
Viacheslav V Kudriavskii, Valeriia A Koss, Victoria O Shender, Georgij P Arapidi. Non-canonical and induced neoantigens as emerging sources of cancer-specific immunotherapy targets.. Frontiers in immunology. 2026; doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1876000.
APA
Viacheslav V Kudriavskii, Valeriia A Koss, Victoria O Shender, Georgij P Arapidi (2026). Non-canonical and induced neoantigens as emerging sources of cancer-specific immunotherapy targets.. Frontiers in immunology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1876000
GB/T 7714
Viacheslav V Kudriavskii, Valeriia A Koss, Victoria O Shender, Georgij P Arapidi. Non-canonical and induced neoantigens as emerging sources of cancer-specific immunotherapy targets.[J]. Frontiers in immunology, 2026 doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1876000.
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