吸烟会加速多发性硬化症的免疫衰老
Smoking accelerates immunosenescence in multiple sclerosis.
摘要(中文译文)
多发性硬化（MS）是一种中枢神经系统的慢性免疫介导性疾病，以炎症、神经轴索损伤和进行性神经功能障碍为特征。尽管其病因涉及多种因素，但吸烟是与多发性硬化风险增加及临床结局恶化相关的最为一致的可改变环境暴露因素之一。吸烟已被认为与更强的炎症活动、加速的残疾累积及更早的疾病进展相关，提示其作用贯穿疾病生物学的多个阶段。在本综述中，我们探讨了吸烟加速免疫衰老（immunosenescence），进而促成早期炎症性疾病活动和后期神经退行性进展这一假说。我们总结了吸烟促进类似生理性衰老的免疫表型的证据，包括初始T细胞库的收缩和终末分化衰老CD8+细胞群的扩增。我们还讨论了这些效应背后的潜在机制，包括氧化应激、胆碱能信号传导和表观遗传重塑。通过整合流行病学、临床和机制性证据，我们提出吸烟相关的免疫衰老作为多发性硬化的生物学修饰因素，影响疾病易感性、复发活动和长期进展。
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system characterized by inflammation, neuroaxonal injury, and progressive neurologic disability. Although its etiology is multifactorial, cigarette smoking is among the most consistent modifiable environmental exposures associated with increased MS risk and worse clinical outcomes. Smoking has been linked to greater inflammatory activity, accelerated disability accumulation, and earlier progression, suggesting effects across multiple stages of disease biology. In this review, we examine the hypothesis that smoking accelerates immune aging, or immunosenescence, and thereby contributes to both early inflammatory disease activity and later neurodegenerative progression. We summarize evidence that smoking promotes immune phenotypes resembling physiologic aging, including contraction of naïve T-cell pools and expansion of terminally differentiated, senescent CD8+ populations. We also discuss potential mechanisms underlying these effects, including oxidative stress, cholinergic signaling, and epigenetic remodeling. By integrating epidemiologic, clinical, and mechanistic evidence, we propose that smoking-associated immune aging acts as a biologic modifier of MS, influencing susceptibility, relapse activity, and long-term progression.
如何引用
AMA
Meerah Khan, Ekdanai Uawithya, Joshua S Mytych, Ismail Muwenda, Megan Reidy, Robert C Axtell, et al. Smoking accelerates immunosenescence in multiple sclerosis.. Frontiers in immunology. 2026; doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1840928.
APA
Meerah Khan, Ekdanai Uawithya, Joshua S Mytych, Ismail Muwenda, Megan Reidy, Robert C Axtell, et al (2026). Smoking accelerates immunosenescence in multiple sclerosis.. Frontiers in immunology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1840928
GB/T 7714
Meerah Khan, Ekdanai Uawithya, Joshua S Mytych, Ismail Muwenda, Megan Reidy, Robert C Axtell, et al. Smoking accelerates immunosenescence in multiple sclerosis.[J]. Frontiers in immunology, 2026 doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1840928.
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