妊娠期糖尿病女性饮食炎症指数与妊娠结局之间的相关性：一项前瞻性队列研究
Association between the dietary inflammatory index and pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study.
摘要(中文译文)
本研究旨在探讨妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）女性孕晚期膳食炎症指数（DII）与妊娠结局之间的关联，为该高危人群的膳食风险分层提供依据。采用前瞻性队列研究设计，纳入2023年1月至7月在福建省接受产前保健的295名GDM女性，并随访至分娩。通过半定量食物频率问卷评估膳食摄入以计算DII，并按三分位数分为第1三分位组（T1）、第2三分位组（T2）和第3三分位组（T3）。妊娠结局及临床资料取自病历记录。采用多因素logistic回归和Firth惩罚logistic回归评估DII三分位组与8种妊娠结局之间的关联，并调整母亲年龄、孕前BMI、初产、妊娠期体重增长及总能量摄入。采用限制性立方样条分析评估潜在的非线性关系。DII评分范围为-3.180至2.640。与T1相比，校正模型中T2组女性发生胎儿窘迫的风险较低[OR=0.171（95%CI 0.035-0.848）]，而T3组未观察到一致的关联。趋势分析未提示DII与胎儿窘迫之间存在线性关系。限制性立方样条分析提示可能存在非线性关联。未发现DII与其他妊娠结局之间存在显著关联。在GDM孕妇中，与最低DII组（T1）相比，中间DII组（T2）与较低的胎儿窘迫风险相关，而其他妊娠结局未观察到显著关联。这些发现提示膳食炎症潜能可能在GDM女性的胎儿窘迫中发挥潜在复杂的作用，值得进一步研究并在膳食管理中加以考虑。
Abstract
The study aimed to examine the association between late-pregnancy Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and pregnancy outcomes among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), offering evidence for dietary risk stratification in this high-risk group. A prospective cohort study was conducted, enrolling 295 GDM women who received antenatal care in Fujian Province between January and July 2023, with subsequent follow-up until delivery. Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire to calculate DII, which was grouped into Tertile 1 (T1), Tertile 2 (T2), and Tertile 3 (T3). Pregnancy outcomes and clinical data were obtained from the medical records. Multivariable logistic regression and Firth's penalized logistic regression were applied to assess associations between DII tertiles and eight pregnancy outcomes, adjusting for maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, primiparity, gestational weight gain, and total energy intake. Restricted cubic spline analyses were performed to evaluate potential non-linear relationships. DII scores ranged from -3.180 to 2.640. Compared to T1, women in T2 had a lower risk of fetal distress in adjusted models [OR = 0.171 (95% CI 0.035-0.848)], while no consistent association was observed for T3. Trend analysis did not indicate a linear relationship between DII and fetal distress. Restricted cubic spline analyses suggested a possible non-linear association. No significant associations were found between DII and other pregnancy outcomes. In pregnant women with GDM, the intermediate DII group (T2) was associated with a lower risk of fetal distress compared with the lowest DII group (T1), while no significant associations were observed for other pregnancy outcomes. These findings suggest that dietary inflammatory potential may play a potentially complex role in fetal distress among women with GDM, warranting further investigation and consideration in dietary management.
如何引用
AMA
Xiaoqian Chen, Wenzhao Lin, Chengyu Huang, Xiaomeng Xue, Yongfan Chen, Yan Bian, et al. Association between the dietary inflammatory index and pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study.. Frontiers in nutrition. 2026; doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1838318.
APA
Xiaoqian Chen, Wenzhao Lin, Chengyu Huang, Xiaomeng Xue, Yongfan Chen, Yan Bian, et al (2026). Association between the dietary inflammatory index and pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study.. Frontiers in nutrition. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1838318
GB/T 7714
Xiaoqian Chen, Wenzhao Lin, Chengyu Huang, Xiaomeng Xue, Yongfan Chen, Yan Bian, et al. Association between the dietary inflammatory index and pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study.[J]. Frontiers in nutrition, 2026 doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1838318.
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