是时候解决医学生的饮食失调风险了
Time to Address Eating Disorder Risk Among Medical Students.
摘要(中文译文)
本叙述性综述考察了不同国家和培训环境下医学生中进食障碍风险的患病率及潜在关键原因。与一般人群相比，医学生常表现出更高的进食障碍风险患病率。其发生率因评估工具、地理区域、培训阶段和样本构成而异。反复出现的相关因素包括女性性别、体像不满、完美主义、压力、焦虑、抑郁、缺乏体力活动以及有问题的社交媒体使用。本综述还强调了文献中重要的方法学局限性，包括以横断面设计为主、筛查工具异质性大、所有变量报告不一致、纵向随访有限以及对性别多元化人群的纳入稀少。总体而言，证据支持进食障碍风险是医学生健康的一个重要问题，同时也表明没有任何单一因素能够完全解释所观察到的负担。研究结果支持大学进行系统性变革以帮助预防进食障碍，包括更好的学生健康教育、保密服务以及优先重视学生健康。迫切需要纵向研究来阐明与医学院慢性压力相关的可改变风险因素，并为有针对性的预防策略提供依据。
Abstract
This narrative review examines the prevalence and potential key causes of eating disorder risk among medical students across countries and training environments. Medical students frequently demonstrate a higher prevalence of eating disorder risk compared to the general population. Rates vary by instrument, geography, stage of training, and sample composition. Recurrent correlates include female gender, body image dissatisfaction, perfectionism, stress, anxiety, depression, lack of physical activity and problematic social media use. The review also highlights important methodological limitations in the literature, including predominantly cross-sectional design, heterogeneous screening tools, inconsistent reporting of all variables, limited longitudinal follow-up, and sparse inclusion of gender-diverse populations. Overall, the evidence supports eating disorder risk as an important medical student wellness issue while also showing that no single factor fully explains the observed burden. The findings support systemic changes in universities to help prevent eating disorders, including better student health education, confidential services and prioritizing student wellness. Longitudinal research is urgently needed to clarify modifiable risk factors as they relate to chronic stress in medical school and inform targeted prevention strategies.
如何引用
AMA
Sarah Mabee, Harrison Blefeld, Wyatt Mayer, Paul Zarutskie, Owen Kelly. Time to Address Eating Disorder Risk Among Medical Students.. Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland). 2026; doi:10.3390/bs16060899.
APA
Sarah Mabee, Harrison Blefeld, Wyatt Mayer, Paul Zarutskie, Owen Kelly (2026). Time to Address Eating Disorder Risk Among Medical Students.. Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs16060899
GB/T 7714
Sarah Mabee, Harrison Blefeld, Wyatt Mayer, Paul Zarutskie, Owen Kelly. Time to Address Eating Disorder Risk Among Medical Students.[J]. Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2026 doi:10.3390/bs16060899.
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