唾液核心蛋白聚糖作为慢性肾脏病潜在的非侵入性生物标志物：与血清水平的比较研究

摘要(中文译文)

慢性肾脏病（CKD）以进行性肾纤维化和不可逆的肾功能丧失为特征。核心蛋白聚糖（decorin）是一种具有抗纤维化特性的细胞外基质蛋白聚糖，可能反映潜在的纤维化活性，并已成为一种潜在的生物标志物。然而，其在唾液等无创生物体液中的作用仍不明确。在这项横断面研究中，共纳入88例CKD 3-5期患者和30名健康对照者。同时采集血清和未刺激唾液样本，采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测核心蛋白聚糖水平。组间比较采用非参数检验，相关性分析采用Spearman法。血清核心蛋白聚糖水平随CKD分期进展呈升高趋势；然而，这些差异未达到统计学显著性，且与肾功能参数无相关性。相比之下，CKD患者唾液核心蛋白聚糖水平较对照组显著降低，并随CKD分期呈数值上的下降。血清与唾液核心蛋白聚糖水平之间未观察到显著相关性。唾液核心蛋白聚糖可能成为CKD的一种潜在无创候选标志物；然而，尚需进一步的大规模纵向研究来验证这些发现。

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by progressive renal fibrosis and irreversible loss of kidney function. Decorin, an extracellular matrix proteoglycan with antifibrotic properties, may reflect underlying fibrotic activity and has emerged as a potential biomarker. However, its role in noninvasive biological fluids such as saliva remains unclear. In this cross-sectional study, 88 patients with CKD stages 3-5 and 30 healthy controls were included. Serum and unstimulated saliva samples were collected simultaneously, and decorin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Group comparisons were performed using non-parametric tests, and correlations were analyzed using Spearman's method. Serum decorin levels showed an increasing trend with advancing CKD stage; however, these differences did not reach statistical significance and were not correlated with renal function parameters. In contrast, salivary decorin levels were significantly lower in CKD patients compared to controls and demonstrated a numerical decrease across CKD stages. No significant correlation was observed between serum and salivary decorin levels. Salivary decorin may represent a potential noninvasive candidate marker in CKD; however, further large-scale longitudinal studies are required to validate these findings.

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