妇科盆腔肿块的MRI波谱
The MRI Spectrum of Gynecological Pelvic Masses.
摘要(中文译文)
妇科盆腔肿块涵盖多种良性和恶性病变。准确的术前定性对于优化治疗至关重要。尽管超声检查是首选的初始影像学方法，但磁共振成像（MRI）可提供更优越的软组织特征描述和多平面评估。本研究旨在评估MRI在妇科盆腔肿块定性和鉴别诊断中的作用，并以可获得时的组织病理学作为金标准。这项观察性研究纳入了60例临床或超声检查发现妇科盆腔肿块并随后接受盆腔MRI检查的患者。MRI序列包括T1加权、T2加权、弥散加权和增强成像。评估病变的起源部位、形态、内部特征和范围，并将MRI表现与组织病理学诊断进行相关性分析。良性病变占大多数病例。子宫肌瘤是最常见的病理类型，见于22例患者（36.7%），其次为子宫腺肌症12例（20.0%）和卵巢囊肿（单纯性或出血性）11例（18.3%）。其他良性病变包括皮样囊肿和输卵管病变，如输卵管积水。恶性病变见于较小比例的患者，其中卵巢癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤（4例，6.7%），其次为子宫内膜癌（3例，5.0%）和宫颈癌（1例，1.7%）。MRI正确识别了所有卵巢病变，包括卵巢癌、囊肿和皮样囊肿，以及所有子宫内膜癌和宫颈癌病例。总体而言，MRI在区分良恶性病变方面表现出100%的敏感性、96.2%的特异性和96.7%的诊断准确率。MRI是一种高度准确且可靠的影像学方法，可用于评估妇科盆腔肿块，能够提供优良的病变定性和鉴别诊断，从而显著有助于临床决策和术前规划。
Abstract
Gynecological pelvic masses comprise a wide spectrum of benign and malignant conditions. Accurate preoperative characterization is crucial for optimal management. Although ultrasonography is the initial imaging modality, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides superior soft-tissue characterization and multiplanar assessment. To evaluate the role of MRI in the characterization and differentiation of gynecological pelvic masses, using histopathology as the gold standard wherever available. This observational study included 60 patients with gynecological pelvic masses detected clinically or on ultrasonography who subsequently underwent MRI pelvis. MRI sequences included T1-weighted, T2-weighted, diffusion-weighted, and contrast-enhanced imaging. Lesions were assessed for site of origin, morphology, internal characteristics, and extent, and MRI findings were correlated with histopathological diagnoses. Benign lesions constituted the majority of cases. Leiomyoma was the most common pathology, observed in 22 patients (36.7%), followed by adenomyosis in 12 patients (20.0%) and ovarian cysts (simple or hemorrhagic) in 11 patients (18.3%). Other benign lesions included dermoid cysts and tubal pathologies such as hydrosalpinx. Malignant lesions were identified in a smaller proportion of patients, with ovarian carcinoma being the most frequent malignancy (four cases, 6.7%), followed by endometrial carcinoma (three cases, 5.0%) and cervical carcinoma (one case, 1.7%). MRI correctly identified all ovarian lesions, including ovarian carcinomas, cysts, and dermoid cysts, as well as all cases of endometrial and cervical carcinoma. Overall, MRI demonstrated a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 96.2%, and diagnostic accuracy of 96.7% in differentiating benign from malignant lesions. MRI is a highly accurate and reliable imaging modality for the evaluation of gynecological pelvic masses, offering excellent lesion characterization and differentiation, thereby significantly aiding clinical decision-making and preoperative planning.
如何引用
AMA
Shipra Chaudhary, Ashish K Shukla, Bhoomi Modi, Manisha Gupta, Sachi Mall, Ranjeet Singh. The MRI Spectrum of Gynecological Pelvic Masses.. Cureus. 2026; doi:10.7759/cureus.106177.
APA
Shipra Chaudhary, Ashish K Shukla, Bhoomi Modi, Manisha Gupta, Sachi Mall, Ranjeet Singh (2026). The MRI Spectrum of Gynecological Pelvic Masses.. Cureus. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.106177
GB/T 7714
Shipra Chaudhary, Ashish K Shukla, Bhoomi Modi, Manisha Gupta, Sachi Mall, Ranjeet Singh. The MRI Spectrum of Gynecological Pelvic Masses.[J]. Cureus, 2026 doi:10.7759/cureus.106177.
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