肝移植 liver transplantation - PubMed 文献(第 3 页)
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肝移植 的 PubMed 搜索结果(第 3 页)
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The evolution of heart, lung and liver transplantation services in Australia. 澳大利亚心脏、肺和肝移植服务的演变
The introduction and operation of heart, lung and liver transplantation services in Australia have been assisted by a Nationally Funded Centres policy adopted by health ministers. Assessment for eligibility for support under the program has been undertaken by the Australian Health Technology Advisory Committee. Outcomes/survival rates at transplantation centres have compared favourably with results from other countries. As in other countries, shortage of donor organs has limited the number of procedures undertaken. Some concern remains regarding the viability of newer transplantation programs which are now being established in smaller centres of population.
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Previous intravenous substance use and outcome of liver transplantation in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection. 既往静脉药物使用与慢性丙型肝炎感染患者肝移植结局
End-stage liver disease due to hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection is the most common reason for liver transplantation. One of the major risk factors for infection with HCV is intravenous drug use (IVDU). The pretransplantation characteristics and outcome of liver transplantation in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infected after IVDU are poorly known. We performed a retrospective cohort study in patients with CHC who underwent liver transplantation between 1998 and 2002 in Belgium. Seven patients with and 60 patients without a history of IVDU were compared. Patients with CHC infected after IVDU were primarily men, significantly younger, and affected more by genotype 2 or 3. There was no relapse in substance use. No patients required a second transplantation or developed surgical complications. Progression to fibrosis in the posttransplantation period seemed to be slower. Graft and patient survival, and compliance were similar in both groups. Compared with patients in the non-IVDU group, patients with CHC infected after IVDU in complete remission have the same compliance, and patient and graft survival after liver transplantation. Therefore, patients with IVDU should not be excluded for liver transplantation because of HCV-induced cirrhosis.
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Liver laceration associated with severe seizures after living donor liver transplantation. 活体供者肝移植后与严重癫痫发作相关的肝裂伤
Hemorrhagic complications commonly occur early after liver transplantation (LT), sometimes requiring emergent relaparotomy. However, active bleeding from the liver graft itself is a rare but life-threatening complication after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). We report an unusual case of liver laceration with massive bleeding, associated with severe epileptic seizures as a result of tacrolimus-induced leukoencephalopathy, after LDLT. The patient was successfully rescued by conventional surgical management without a second transplantation. In conclusion, to our knowledge this is the first reported case of graft rupture due to immunosuppression-associated leukoencephalopathy after LT.
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Liver Transplantation Following Life-threatening Abdominal Trauma: A Case Series of 5 Patients at a Single Institution. 危及生命的腹部创伤后肝移植：单中心5例病例系列
Managing traumatic liver injury (TLI) is always challenging and demands precise clinical judgment. Currently, treatment of TLI in most circumstances is non-operative; however, surgical therapy might be required for severe TLI, particularly those that result in extensive blood loss. In the current institutional study carried out from June 1995 to April 2017, we describe our experience with 5 patients who received an orthotopic liver transplant for severe TLI. One patient passed away postoperatively from cerebral edema; 1 patient died of renal failure 4 years after the liver transplantation, and 3 patients are still alive. Based on our experience, we conclude that in patients with TLI, especially those with uncontrollable bleeding or those who develop liver failure, liver transplantation should be taken into consideration.
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[Two cases of hepatobiliary scintigraphy of liver transplantation in rejection]. [肝移植排斥反应中肝胆显像两例]
We reported two patients with liver transplantation who are performed hepatobiliary scintigraphy in rejection. In one patient hepatobiliary scintigraphy shows dilatation of bile duct but it shows good clearance from liver. In another patient hepatobiliary scintigraphy shows delayed clearance from liver. Both patients recovered from rejection. There are four main complications--vascular and biliary abnormality, infection, rejection--after liver transplantation. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy shows almost same findings except biliary complication, so it is difficult to distinguish between infection and rejection. But hepatobiliary scintigraphy may be useful to evaluate transplanted liver function in rejection.
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When does quality of life improve after liver transplantation? A longitudinal prospective study. 肝移植后生活质量何时改善？一项纵向前瞻性研究
We sought to investigate the improvement in quality of life (mental and physical components) at 1 and 6 months after liver transplantation. A sample of liver transplant candidates (n = 60), comprising consecutive patients attending outpatient clinics of a liver transplantation central unit (25% of the patients had familial amyloid polyneuropathy [FAP] and the remaining patents had chronic liver diseases), was assessed by means of the Short Form (SF)-36, Portuguese-validated version, a self-rating questionnaire developed by the Medical Outcome Trust, to investigate certain primary aspects of quality of life, at 3 times: before, and at 1 and 6 months after transplantation. We observed a significant improvement in quality of life (both mental and physical components) by 1 month after transplantation. Between the first month and the sixth month after transplantation, there also was an improvement in the quality of life (both mental and physical components), although only the physical components of quality of life was significantly improved. Our findings suggested that quality of life improved early after liver transplantation (1 month). Between the first and the sixth months, there only was a significant improvement in the physical quality of life.
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Nutrition for the liver transplant patient. 肝移植患者的营养
Patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD) frequently have diverse abnormalities of carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism that cause progressive deterioration of their clinical condition and lead to malnutrition. Malnutrition is almost universally present in patients with ESLD undergoing liver transplantation and has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. It is essential to identify and correct nutritional deficiencies in this population and provide an adequate nutritional support during all phases of liver transplantation. In conclusion, this article reviews the etiologic factors, prevalence, assessment and management guidelines of nutritional disorders seen in patients with ESLD undergoing liver transplantation.
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[Partial liver transplantation techniques for future clinical application]. [未来临床应用的部分肝移植技术]
Using grafts from brain-dead donors for liver transplantation is a very controversial subject in Japan and those candidates for transplantation who have received livers outside of Japan have been harshly criticized. Under these circumstances, a partial liver transplantation is an attractive method in terms of preserving the donor's life, freshness of the graft and easier donor availability. In other words, for adults with non-cancerous incurable liver disease the donor's left lobe can be transplanted after the recipient has had a left lobectomy, and for children with biliary atresia the whole liver and vena cava can be replaced with a parent's left lobe and iliac vein. Our report concerns the procedures of orthotopic partial liver transplantation for canines and humans.
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Liver transplantation for portal hypertension. 门静脉高压症的肝移植
Liver transplantation is among the therapies that may be required for patients with variceal bleeding. The indication for transplantation is end-stage liver disease, not the variceal bleeding per se. Selection of patients is based on full evaluation that includes medical necessity, absence of medical contraindication, and psychosocial suitability. Decision algorithms for variceal bleeding must recognize that transplantation may be the endpoint of treatment, and other treatments should take this into consideration. Specific problems related to prior surgery for variceal bleeding should be defined before transplantation, and management strategies should be determined. The outcome for patients with end-stage cirrhosis and variceal bleeding has been dramatically improved by addition of transplantation to the treatment options.
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[Graft reduction in pediatric hepatic transplantation: value, technique and results]. [儿童肝移植中的移植物减容：价值、技术和结果]
The benefit of liver transplantation in children with end-stage liver disease is now well established. A few years ago, the scarcity of suitable pediatric donors was responsible for death in 30 to 50% of children on the waiting list and most of them died before the age of 3 years. Since 1981, the use of reduced-size graft in pediatric liver transplantation allowed a dramatic decrease of the pretransplant mortality rate which is now 2 to 14%. The choice of the reduction technique is based on two parameters; the first one is the donor recipient body weight ratio, the second one is the intra-operative measurement of the recipient's internal transverse basithoracic distance. Nowadays, 30 to 50% of the children undergoing a liver transplant, receive a reduced-size graft. The results of reduced-size orthotopic liver transplantation are comparable with full-size orthotopic liver transplantation; the one-year survival rate is 70 to 85%. These results justify the continued use of reduced-size liver transplantation in children with end-stage liver disease. Transplantation of two patients with one liver (bipartition) and liver transplantation from living related donor, which represents an improvement of the reduction technique, was recently performed successfully and may become a useful concept in pediatric liver transplantation.