Cancer Reports癌症报告
Cancer Reports(英文缩写 CANCER REP-US),ISSN 2573-8348,eISSN 2573-8348,中文译名:癌症报告 是一本学术期刊。本页汇总该期刊的最新影响因子、分区信息以及最新收录于 PubMed 的文献,帮助您快速了解期刊全貌。
发文量统计区间：2025-09-27 至 2026-09-27，按本站收录文献的发表日期统计。
期刊介绍
Cancer Reports 最新收录文献
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1. Second-Line Therapy Following Osimertinib in Metastatic EGFR-Mutated Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer at an Academic Medical Center.
PMID:日期:2026-09-01FLAURA2 demonstrated that adding chemotherapy to osimertinib improved overall survival compared with osimertinib monotherapy in metastatic epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated (EGFR-mut) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Notably, only 60% of patients in the osimertinib monotherapy arm received second-line therapy after discontinuing first-line osimertinib. Aims We hypothesized that a higher proportion of patients on osimertinib monotherapy receive second-line therapy at academic medical centers in the United States (US). This is a retrospective cohort study of 115 patients with metastatic EGFR-mut NSCLC treated with first-line osimertinib monotherapy at an academic medical center in the United States from February 2018 to July 2024. Analyses included Kaplan-Meier survival estimation, log-rank test, multivariate Cox regression, Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and Fisher's exact test. Most patients were female (74%) and had a history of never-smoking (69%); 50% were Asian, and 93% of patients had adenocarcinoma histology. The median time to treatment failure (TTF) for all patients on first-line osimertinib was 25.3 months (95% CI: 18.6-37.5). The median TTF was 15.7 months (CI: 13.1-22.0) for patients with TP53-mut disease and 42.2 months (CI: 36.9-NR) for patients with TP53 wild-type tumors (log-rank test, p < 0.001). Of the 115 total patients, 66 (57.4%) discontinued first-line osimertinib. Of these 66 patients, 26 (39.4%) either died or pursued hospice. Forty (60.6%) of the 66 patients experienced progression of disease and subsequently received second-line therapy. Only 61% of patients with metastatic EGFR-mut NSCLC received second-line therapy after osimertinib at our institution, similar to the second-line therapy rates in the control arm of FLAURA2.
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2. Comprehensive Profiling of ac4C RNA Modification Identifies CERCAM in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts as a Key Prognostic and Microenvironmental Regulator in Colorectal Cancer.
PMID:日期:2026-09-01N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) RNA modification has emerged as a critical epigenetic regulator in tumorigenesis and progression. However, the comprehensive landscape of ac4C modification in colorectal cancer (CRC), particularly its orchestration of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and stromal crosstalk, remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to comprehensively delineate the landscape of N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) RNA modification in colorectal cancer (CRC) to uncover its role in shaping the tumor microenvironment and clinical outcomes. Integrated bioinformatic and in vitro analyses revealed that ac4C patterns dictate aggressive stromal crosstalk and identified CERCAM as a cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-specific driver of tumor progression, providing a novel framework for prognostic prediction and personalized targeted therapy. Transcriptomic and clinical data of CRC patients were curated from TCGA and GEO databases (GSE14333, GSE17536, GSE38832, GSE39582). The ac4C modification patterns were quantified using single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA). Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analyses were performed via the scCancer Explorer database. A prognostic ac4C score was constructed to evaluate clinical outcomes and therapeutic vulnerabilities. The functional role of the identified target gene, CERCAM, was validated using in vitro co-culture experiments. Patients with high ac4C scores exhibited worse prognosis, higher clinical stages, and metastasis (N2, M1). High ac4C levels positively correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), TGF-β signaling, and extracellular matrix (ECM) receptor interactions, whereas low ac4C levels were associated with cell cycle, fatty acid metabolism, and microsatellite stability (MSS). The TME of high-ac4C tumors was characterized by higher Stromal, Immune, and ESTIMATE scores, elevated immune checkpoints (LAG3, CD14, LILRB2, SIRPA, CD8A), and strong correlations with macrophages and NK cells. scRNA-seq analysis revealed that CERCAM, a key gene within the ac4C network, was predominantly expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) rather than tumor cells. DNA methylation of CERCAM was significantly elevated in metastatic CRC compared to primary tumors. In vitro experiments confirmed that CERCAM was overexpressed in CAFs and CRC tissues. Co-culturing CRC cells (RKO, HCT116) with CERCAM-knockdown CAFs significantly suppressed tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, the ac4C score effectively predicted tumor mutational landscape differences and sensitivities to agents like pazopanib, gefitinib, and conventional chemotherapies. This study delineates the crucial role of ac4C modification in shaping the CRC microenvironment, identifies CERCAM as a CAF-specific driver of tumor progression, and provides a translational framework for ac4C-based prognostic prediction and personalized targeted therapy.
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3. Durable Intracranial Response to Sacituzumab Tirumotecan in HER2-Negative Salivary Duct Carcinoma With High TROP2 Expression: A Case Report.
PMID:日期:2026-09-01Salivary duct carcinoma is an aggressive salivary gland malignancy in which systemic therapy is often guided by androgen receptor and HER2 status. Treatment options are limited for HER2-negative disease after progression on androgen-deprivation therapy and chemotherapy, particularly when active central nervous system (CNS) involvement develops. A 62-year-old man with androgen receptor-positive, HER2-negative salivary duct carcinoma developed progressive intracranial dural metastases involving the left temporal and occipital regions after surgery, adjuvant radiotherapy, androgen-deprivation therapy, and multiple chemotherapy-based regimens. The dominant lesion was a 33.6-mm left temporal dural-based mass extending across the left tentorial leaflet. Immunohistochemical profiling of archival primary tumor tissue showed high membranous TROP2 expression (H-score, 230). Off-label sacituzumab tirumotecan was initiated at 350 mg every 2 weeks without concurrent corticosteroids or local CNS-directed therapy. Serial magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated sustained regression of the dominant left temporal mass from 33.6 to 15.3 mm (-54.5%), with no new intracranial lesions. Intracranial disease control was maintained for approximately 9 months. Treatment-related Grade 2 oral mucositis and leukopenia improved with supportive care and did not require dose reduction or treatment discontinuation. In heavily pretreated, HER2-negative salivary duct carcinoma with high TROP2 expression and progressive intracranial dural metastases, sacituzumab tirumotecan was associated with a durable intracranial response without local CNS-directed therapy. This observation supports further clinical evaluation of TROP2-directed antibody-drug conjugates in salivary duct carcinoma with CNS involvement, while the predictive value of TROP2 expression remains to be established.
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4. Sarcopenia and Survival in Patients With Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prognostic Association.
PMID:日期:2026-09-01Sarcopenia, characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, has emerged as a potential prognostic biomarker in oncology. Its role in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remains inadequately defined. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020. PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to March 2026. Observational studies reporting baseline computed tomography (CT)-defined sarcopenia, based on a dichotomized skeletal muscle index (SMI) or skeletal muscle area (SMA), in adults with HNSCC receiving ICIs were included. Studies using non-radiological assessment, continuous-only muscle indices, exposure definitions incorporating on-treatment change, or populations restricted to progression after ICI therapy were excluded, and cohorts were screened for patient overlap. Hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were pooled using a random-effects model with the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman (HKSJ) method incorporating the truncated variance correction. Risk of bias was assessed with the QUIPS tool and certainty of evidence with GRADE as adapted for prognostic factor reviews. Three retrospective cohort studies (354 patients) met the eligibility criteria. Under the pre-specified primary estimator the pooled hazard ratio for OS was 2.05 (95% CI 1.00-4.20), an interval that marginally includes the null (common-effect HR 2.05, 95% CI 1.48-2.84; I = 0%); for PFS it was 1.85 (95% CI 1.05-3.27; I = 0%), excluding the null only narrowly. The wide HKSJ intervals reflect the small number of studies. The pooled OS estimate is closely concordant with an independent published synthesis of the same question (HR 2.05). Certainty of evidence was rated low for both outcomes. Baseline CT-defined sarcopenia was associated with an approximately two-fold increase in the hazard of death, and of progression or death, in patients with HNSCC treated with ICIs. The primary OS analysis did not reach conventional statistical significance: under the pre-specified HKSJ estimator its 95% confidence interval marginally included the null, and the PFS interval excluded the null only narrowly. The association therefore rests on the size and consistency of the point estimates, the absence of heterogeneity, the common-effect interval and concordance with an independent published synthesis, rather than on the primary interval alone. The evidence base comprises three retrospective cohorts and certainty is low. Sarcopenia should be regarded as a prognostic rather than a predictive marker in this setting and must not be used to justify withholding immunotherapy. Prospective studies with standardized CT-based definitions are required.
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5. Tumor Number and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Score as Selection Criteria for Resection or Embolization of Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
PMID:日期:2026-09-01Tumor and liver-related factors are well-known prognostic factors for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The Japanese Society of Hepatology (JSH) guidelines recommend considering liver resection (LR) for patients with multiple tumors and a tumor number ≤ 3. A previous Italian study showed that a model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score of > 9 indicates inadequate liver function reserve in patients with HCC undergoing LR. We used these two parameters to predict the overall survival (OS) of patients with Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) Stage B HCC who underwent LR or transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). We consecutively enrolled patients with BCLC stage B HCC and Child-Pugh Class A liver disease underwent LR or TACE. Of these patients, 163 underwent LR and 270 underwent TACE. We used two parameters, that is, ≤ 3 nodules and a MELD score of ≤ 9, to subclassify BCLC stage B HCC patients. BCLC B1 had to occur concomitantly with two parameters, whereas for BCLC B2, meeting only one criterion was sufficient. The five-year OS of BCLC B1 patients undergoing LR was 60% and those undergoing TACE was 37% (p = 0.007). The 5-year OS of BCLC B2 patients undergoing LR was 23% and those undergoing TACE was 18% (p = 0.223). We recommend considering LR for BCLC B1 patients, whereas TACE could be considered for BCLC B2 patients.
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6. Diffuse-Type Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor of the Hip With Acetabular Bone Involvement: A Case Report With Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation.
PMID:日期:2026-09-01Diffuse-type tenosynovial giant cell tumor (D-TGCT) is an uncommon synovial neoplasm. Hip involvement is rare and may be difficult to recognize because symptoms are nonspecific and osseous erosion can mimic more aggressive infectious, inflammatory, or neoplastic processes. We report a case of hip D-TGCT that presented as an erosive acetabular lesion and required histopathologic and immunohistochemical confirmation. A 56-year-old man presented with acute right hip pain and restricted motion after a recent febrile illness that had partially improved following empirical intravenous cefuroxime therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated diffuse intra-articular synovial proliferation with heterogeneous low-to-intermediate signal intensity on T1-weighted images, heterogeneous signal intensity on T2-weighted images, and heterogeneous enhancement after contrast administration. Computed tomography (CT) showed joint effusion and thinning and erosion of the anterior and inferomedial acetabular wall, whereas plain radiographs were unremarkable. Because the imaging and laboratory findings were inconclusive, the patient underwent surgical excision and synovectomy, curettage of the eroded acetabular wall, alcohol ablation, and autologous iliac bone grafting. Histopathologic examination demonstrated mononuclear cells, osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells, foamy histiocytes, chronic inflammatory cells, and abundant hemosiderin deposition. Integration of the characteristic morphology, diffuse intra-articular growth pattern, imaging findings, and supportive immunohistochemistry established the diagnosis of D-TGCT. Microbiologic cultures were negative. No postoperative radiotherapy was administered. At the 6-month follow-up, the patient reported sustained pain relief and improved hip motion, although mild restriction of motion persisted. Hip D-TGCT should be considered when an intra-articular hip lesion shows synovial proliferation with acetabular erosion, even when inflammatory findings raise concern for alternative diagnoses. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography are complementary for defining soft-tissue extent and osseous involvement, but definitive diagnosis depends on clinicopathologic correlation. This case highlights the diagnostic value of histopathology and immunohistochemistry in destructive-appearing hip lesions.
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7. Cardiovascular Immune-Related Adverse Events of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Summary of Case Reports.
PMID:日期:2026-09-01Reports of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy-associated immune-related adverse events (irAEs) exhibit considerable heterogeneity, particularly when comparing data from clinical trials and real-world observational studies. We conducted a systematic review of real-world observational studies (case reports and series) reporting cardiovascular irAEs in PubMed and Embase from inception to April 1, 2024. We analyzed 116 case reports from 115 studies and highlighted the commonest irAEs, treatments instituted, and ensuing outcomes. Myocarditis was the most common, accompanied frequently by pericarditis and heart failure. Treatment typically included corticosteroids and discontinuation of ICI therapy. Higher doses of corticosteroids appeared promising. Refractory cases benefited from plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulin, mycophenolate, tacrolimus, or infliximab. Rechallenging ICI therapy after irAEs resulted in mixed outcomes. Given the heterogeneity of data, analysis of aggregated data from central repositories like Side Effect Registry Immuno-Oncology (SERIO) would be invaluable.
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8. Prognostic Factor Analysis for Risk-Stratified Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Nomogram Development for Predicting Structural Incomplete Response to Radioactive Iodine Therapy in Intermediate-Risk Patients.
PMID:日期:2026-09-01Structural incomplete response (SIR) after radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy indicates persistent or recurrent structural disease and has important implications for the long-term management of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). However, predictors of SIR across recurrence-risk strata remain incompletely characterized. To identify factors associated with SIR following RAI therapy in risk-stratified PTC patients and to develop a predictive nomogram for intermediate-risk patients. We retrospectively analyzed 615 PTC patients who underwent thyroidectomy, lymph-node dissection, and I therapy. Patients were re-stratified according to the 2025 American Thyroid Association recurrence-risk framework into a low/low-to-intermediate-risk group and an intermediate-high/high-risk group. In 396 intermediate-risk patients with lymph-node metastasis, univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent predictors of SIR, and a nomogram was developed and internally validated. SIR rates differed significantly between risk groups (p < 0.001). Stimulated thyroglobulin (sTg) independently predicted SIR across all risk strata. The number of lymph-node metastases (LNM) and lymph-node yield additionally predicted SIR in intermediate-high/high-risk patients. In intermediate-risk patients, age, tumor size, lymph-node ratio, sTg, and LNM were independent predictors of SIR. The nomogram yielded an area under the curve of 0.865 (95% CI, 0.814-0.916) in the training cohort and 0.733 (95% CI, 0.617-0.849) in the internal hold-out validation cohort; the bootstrap optimism-corrected area under the curve was 0.853, and the optimism-corrected calibration slope was 0.92. sTg and LNM are key predictors of SIR in risk-stratified PTC patients. In this single-center retrospective cohort, the nomogram showed good discrimination and calibration for SIR in intermediate-risk patients; external multicenter validation is warranted before clinical application.
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9. Survival Outcomes With Cadonilimab Versus PD-(L)1 Therapy in Front-Line Gastric Cancer: A Network Meta-Analysis.
9. 卡度尼利单抗对比PD-(L)1治疗在一线胃癌中的生存结局：一项网状Meta分析PMID:日期:2026-09-01The FDA Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee (ODAC) highlighted that the risk-benefit profile for patients with low PD-L1 expression remains unclear in front-line treatment of HER2-negative gastric and gastroesophageal junction (GC/GEJ) cancer with PD-(L)1 therapy. The first PD-1/CTLA-4 bispecific antibody (BsAb), cadonilimab, has been approved, but it is unknown if it can extend the PD-(L)1 regimen to lower PD-L1 patients. To indirectly compare the survival outcomes of cadonilimab versus PD-(L)1 therapy in first-line HER2-negative gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer, with particular focus on patients with low PD-L1 expression, using a network meta-analysis. Randomized controlled trials with ICIs as first-line treatment were searched in public databases and FDA ODAC up to December 31, 2024. A network meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of approved ICI-based treatments to refine the optimal approach for front-line GC/GEJ. A total of 7127 patients from eight Phase III trials were included. All ICIs-based therapies significantly improved overall survival (OS) compared to chemotherapy. In indirect comparisons, cadonilimab plus XELOX was associated with numerically more favorable OS (HR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.62-0.98) compared with PD-(L)1 inhibitors. Numerical trends toward longer survival were observed across subgroups, including patients with PD-L1 < 10 (HR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.58-1.01) and liver metastasis (HR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.49-0.93), both historically considered immunotherapy-insensitive populations. All ICIs improved PFS compared to chemotherapy. Cadonilimab was associated with numerically better PFS versus PD-(L)1 inhibitors in indirect comparisons (HR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.57-0.86). The safety analysis showed no significant increase in severe adverse events. In this indirect comparison, cadonilimab showed more favorable survival outcomes versus PD-(L)1 inhibitors in first-line GC/GEJ. Subgroup benefits were observed in liver metastasis, while the PD-L1 < 10 subgroup showed numerical trends. These results highlight the importance of selecting appropriate ICIs to optimize outcomes.
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10. Prospective Phase II Trial of Biweekly Gemcitabine Plus Nab-Paclitaxel as First-Line Therapy in Patients Aged 75 Years and Older With Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer.
PMID:日期:2026-09-01Although older adults (≥ 75 years) constitute a large proportion of patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer (PC), they remain underrepresented in clinical trials. Biweekly gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (GnP) has been evaluated in retrospective studies as an alternative dosing schedule, whereas prospective evidence remains limited. This single-center, prospective Phase II trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of biweekly GnP as a first-line therapy in older adults with unresectable PC. Eligible patients aged ≥ 75 years with histologically or cytologically confirmed unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma received GnP (1000 mg/m gemcitabine; 125 mg/m nab-paclitaxel) on days 1 and 15 of each 28-day cycle. The primary endpoint was the overall response rate (ORR). Key secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and safety. A total of 17 patients were enrolled between August 2019 and March 2021 (median age, 77 years; 13 metastatic, 4 locally advanced). The ORR was 47.1% (8/17; 95% confidence interval [CI], 23.0%-72.2%), and the disease control rate was 82.4% (14/17). The median OS and PFS were 16.8 (95% CI, 5.9-24.6) and 8.3 (95% CI, 4.9-10.1) months, respectively. The 1- and 2-year survival rates were 58.8% and 29.4%, respectively. Grade ≥ 3 hematologic adverse events occurred in 17.6% of patients. Treatment-related adverse events led to treatment discontinuation in three patients: one case of interstitial pneumonia and two cases of peripheral sensory neuropathy. No treatment-related deaths occurred. Biweekly GnP showed promising antitumor activity in a selected population of patients aged ≥ 75 years with unresectable PC. Because enrollment ended before the planned sample size was reached, the study findings should be interpreted cautiously. jRCTs051190038.