Toxicology Communications毒理学通讯
Toxicology Communications(英文缩写 TOXICOL COMMUN),ISSN 2473-4306,eISSN 2473-4306,中文译名:毒理学通讯 是一本学术期刊。本页汇总该期刊的最新影响因子、分区信息以及最新收录于 PubMed 的文献,帮助您快速了解期刊全貌。
发文量统计区间：2025-10-01 至 2026-09-30，按本站收录文献的发表日期统计。
期刊介绍
Toxicology Communications 最新收录文献
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1. Alterations in the cecal microbiome of New Zealand White rabbits due to the long-acting anticoagulant rodenticide brodifacoum.
PMID:日期:2025-05-12Long-acting anti-coagulant rodenticides (LAARs) are well characterized with respect to inhibition of vitamin K1 synthesis and effects on blood coagulation. However, the effects of LAARs on the microbiome have not been explored. We administered brodifacoum (BDF), one of the more potent LAARs, to adult male New Zealand White rabbits, and carried out 16S RNA sequencing on cecal samples collected after different times. Samples were also obtained from rabbits treated with the bile sequestrant cholestyramine (CSA) which accelerates BDF clearance from the body, and from CSA-only treated rabbits. Changes at both the phylum and genus levels in relative abundance were observed after 2- and 3-days exposure to BDF. The majority of those microbiota changes were prevented by co-treatment with CSA. Identification of metabolic pathways potentially altered by BDF using Picrust2 identified several L-arginine-related pathways. Exposure to BDF caused increases in plasma L-arginine concentration as well as nitrites, suggesting increased activity of nitric oxide synthase. We also observed increases due to BDF in plasma concentrations of L-arginine-related molecules including L-citrulline, L-ornithine, and methylated L-arginines. These results demonstrate that LAAR poisoning can induce microbiome dysbiosis and influence metabolic pathways and metabolites involved in inflammation and vasodilation.
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3. Wartime toxicology: the spectre of chemical and radiological warfare in Ukraine.
PMID:日期:2022-04-01The unprovoked invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation has resulted in the largest humanitarian crisis in Europe since World War II. As fighting intensifies throughout Ukraine, there is an increasing concern that the Russian Federation may consider the direct use of chemical or radiological weapons against military personnel and civilians in Ukraine. Despite prohibition of chemical weapons from the Chemical Weapons Convention of 1997, recent evidence has demonstrated that state actors will continue to use these agents as weapons of war and terror, despite publicly denying their use. We review chemical weapons produced and used by the Russian Federation (or its allies) to identify plausible risks in the Russian war in Ukraine. We also provide rapid assessment and treatment guidelines to recognize and manage these acute exposures.
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4. Severe colchicine poisoning treated successfully with kidney replacement therapy and plasmapheresis: a case report.
PMID:日期:2022-03-24Colchicine is commonly prescribed for treatment of inflammatory conditions but has a narrow therapeutic window and dangerous toxicity profile. Here we describe a case of survival after massive unintentional colchicine overdose treated with plasmapheresis and renal replacement therapy. A 37 year old male with history of pericarditis presented to the Emergency Department with a chief complaint of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea after unintentionally ingesting 36 mg of colchicine 17 h prior to arrival. An initial colchicine concentration resulted at 5.1 ng/mL (30 h post-ingestion) and peaked at 12 ng/mL (40 h post-ingestion). He was treated with continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) beginning on his first day of hospitalization and with plasmapheresis on hospital days two through four. The patient's course was complicated by multiorgan failure including coagulopathy, respiratory failure, neuropathy, renal failure, pancytopenia, and heart failure. He was discharged to inpatient rehabilitation on hospital day 24. On clinical follow up four months after discharge the patient was found to have no significant persistent morbidity related to colchicine overdose.
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6. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor as a Potential Biomarker in Acetaminophen Overdose: A Pilot Study.
PMID:日期:2022-01-05Acetaminophen overdose is a leading cause of liver failure in the United States. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a cytokine that is released early and promotes acetaminophen toxicity in preclinical models. This cytokine could prove a useful biomarker in emergency department (ED) patients immediately following an acute acetaminophen overdose. We selected a convenience sample of thirteen patients from a prospective consecutive cohort of ED patients with suspected acute overdose. Research associates collected waste specimens for MIF analysis that remained after use for clinical care. Our team compared patients with confirmed acetaminophen overdose (n=9) to patients without acetaminophen exposure or liver injury (n=3) and a patient with liver injury in the absence of detectable acetaminophen (n=1). In our acetaminophen group, all nine patients had measurable acetaminophen concentrations. Median MIF serum concentrations were 16.08 ng/mL (IQR 2.06, 91.40) in the overdose group compared with the control group serum concentrations of 0.19 ng/mL (IQR 0.05, 0.32) (p = 0.0091). In this pilot study, MIF was feasible to measure in specimens from an ED drug overdose cohort, and was significantly elevated in the acetaminophen group compared to non-acetaminophen controls without liver injury.
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7. Unmet clinical laboratory need in patients hospitalized for acute poisoning from long-acting anticoagulant rodenticides.
PMID:日期:2021-06-04The importance of real-time, quantitative toxicology data available for physicians treating poisoned patients was illustrated during the 2018 outbreak in Illinois of severe coagulopathy caused by inhaling illicit synthetic cannabinoids products contaminated with commercially-available brodifacoum, difenacoum, and bromadiolone, three potent, long-acting anticoagulant rodenticides (LAARs). Identification and quantification of these life-threatening toxins in blood samples of hospitalized patients required toxicology testing with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) that was not available in clinical laboratories of hospitals at the time of the outbreak. This highly-sensitive, quantitative assay can provide critical information to guide patient care during and after hospitalization, including identification of offending LAARs, estimates of the ingested dose, and dosage and discontinuation of oral vitamin K therapy after hospital discharge once plasma LAARs concentrations decreased to a safe level (<10 ng/mL). Accordingly, we propose an action plan to enable treating physicians to quantify plasma concentrations of several LAARs simultaneously in poisoned patients. It involves rapid (<15 min), sensitive, and validated LC-MS/MS methods developed, tested and validated in our laboratory. This will allow treating physicians to request quantitative plasma LAARs testing, report test results in the patient's hospital discharge summary, and recommend regular monitoring of plasma LAARs concentrations in the outpatient setting.
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8. Brodifacoum pharmacokinetics in acute human poisoning: implications for estimating duration of vitamin K therapy.
PMID:日期:2021-03-01Standard of care follow-up therapy for patients poisoned by long-acting anticoagulant rodenticides (LAARs) is daily high-dose (up to 100 mg per day) oral vitamin K1 (VK) for weeks to months to over a year. The availability of CLIA-certified quantitative testing for plasma LAAR concentrations can now assist health care providers in determining when to safely discontinue VK therapy. We present estimates of treatment duration required to reach safe concentrations (< =10ng/ml) using serial measurements of plasma brodifacoum (BDF, a potent LAAR) concentrations obtained from patients poisoned after inhaling synthetic cannabinoids containing BDF. We fit the data to zero-order (linear) and first-order (exponential) curves, the latter to account for enterohepatic circulation of BDF. The results show that estimates of therapy duration are significantly longer when exponential clearance is assumed. Accordingly, we recommend that plasma BDF concentrations be monitored simultaneously with international normalization ratio (INR) during follow-up of poisoned patients, and that concentrations be determined after VK therapy is discontinued to document persistence of safe concentrations.
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9. Care cascade for patients with opioid use disorder and serious injection related infections.
PMID:日期:2021-02-10To define the care cascade for patients with serious injection drug use related infections (SIRI) in a tertiary hospital system and compare outcomes of those who did and did not participate in an opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment referral program. The medical records of patients admitted with both OUD and SIRI including endocarditis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, epidural abscess, thrombophlebitis, myositis, bacteremia, and fungemia from 2016-2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographics, clinical covariates, 90-day readmission rates, and outcomes data were collected. We compared data from those who were successfully referred to outpatient care through Engaging Patients in Care Coordination (EPICC), a peer recovery specialist-run OUD treatment referral program, to those who did not receive outpatient referral. During the study period 334 persons who inject opioids were admitted with SIRI. Fourteen admitted patients died and were excluded from the analysis. The all-cause readmission rate was lower among patients referred to the EPICC program (18/76 [23.7%]) compared to those not referred to EPICC (100/244 [41.0%]) (OR 0.44; 95% CI 0.25 - 0.80). An OUD care cascade evaluation for patients with SIRI demonstrated that referral to peer recovery services with outpatient OUD treatment was associated with reduced 90-day readmission rate.
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10. Chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine and COVID-19.
PMID:日期:2020-04-30The media have featured the antimalarials chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) to treat coronavirus (COVID-19). Political leaders have touted their use and recommended availability to the public. These anti-inflammatory agents have substantial human toxicity with a narrow therapeutic window. CQ and HCQ poisoning cause myocardial depression and profound hypotension due to vasodilation. Bradycardia and ventricular escape rhythms arise from impaired myocardial automaticity and conductivity due to sodium and potassium channel blockade. With cardiotoxicity, ECGs may show widened QRS, atrioventricular heart block and QT interval prolongation. CQ may also cause seizures, often refractory to standard treatment. Of concern is pediatric poisoning, where 1-2 pills of CQ or HCQ can cause serious and potentially fatal toxicity in a toddler. The treatment of CQ/HCQ poisoning includes high-dose intravenous diazepam postulated to have positive ionotropic and antidysrhythmic properties that may antagonize the cardiotoxic effects of CQ. Infusions of epinephrine titrated to treat unstable hypotension, as well as potassium for severe hypokalemia may be required. Current scientific evidence does not support treatment or prophylactic use of these agents for COVID-19 disease. Regulatory and public health authorities recognize that CQ/HCQ may offer little clinical benefit and only add risk requiring further investigation before wider public distribution.