Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics分子与细胞儿科学
Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics(英文缩写 MOL CELL PEDIATR),ISSN 2194-7791,eISSN 2194-7791,中文译名:分子与细胞儿科学 是一本学术期刊。本页汇总该期刊的最新影响因子、分区信息以及最新收录于 PubMed 的文献,帮助您快速了解期刊全貌。
发文量统计区间：2025-10-01 至 2026-09-30，按本站收录文献的发表日期统计。
期刊介绍
Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics 最新收录文献
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1. The lung microbiome in childhood-onset severe neuromuscular disease with respiratory insufficiency: rationale, current evidence, and opportunities for oxford nanopore long-read sequencing.
PMID:日期:2026-09-19In severe childhood-onset neuromuscular disease (NMD), ventilatory muscle weakness and ineffective airway clearance drive recurrent infections and chronic colonization that is often culture-negative, polymicrobial, or both. The lung microbiome framework offers a unifying model: altered microbial immigration, elimination, and growth can produce dysbiosis with pathobiont expansion and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We propose that pediatric NMD may follow a distinct developmental trajectory in which early-life secretion stasis, viral insults, and frequent antibiotics perturb immune-microbiome crosstalk during lung growth, potentially "imprinting" long-term community structure. However, NMD-specific airway microbiome data remain sparse because most studies rely on culture or upper-airway sampling. Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) long-read sequencing enables real-time metagenomics with AMR gene detection and can deliver same-day profiles (as short as ~ 6 h from sample to result in optimized workflows), but requires robust low-biomass controls and, in some settings, polishing or hybrid strategies to mitigate higher per-read error. A major limitation of metagenomic sequencing of respiratory samples is the high proportion of host DNA, bacterial reads may account for only about 1-5% of the total sequencing reads. We review microbiome principles relevant to pediatric NMD, summarize current evidence, and outline ONT-enabled study designs and translational priorities.
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2. Maternal metformin treatment in obese pregnant dams normalizes neonatal sensory-motor reflexes.
PMID:日期:2026-09-17Maternal overweight and obesity have reached epidemic proportions over recent decades, with detrimental effects on offspring metabolism and neurodevelopment. Metformin, commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes, is being investigated for use in maternal obesity due to its weight-loss-promoting, glucose-lowering, and insulin-sensitizing effects. Metformin may improve maternal metabolic state and support early sensory-motor development in offspring. Three-week-old female C57BL/6NCrl mice were fed either a standard diet (SD, 9 kJ% fat, low sucrose content; CO group) or a Western-style diet (WSD, 45 kJ% fat, high sucrose content; OB group) from weaning through mating, gestation, and lactation. A subgroup of pregnant WSD-fed mice received metformin hydrochloride (target dose 380 mg/kg/d; OB + M group), dissolved in drinking water during gestation. At mid-gestation, a small cohort of pregnant dams was assessed for their metabolic profile. After delivery, pups were culled to six per litter at postnatal day (P) 2, and reflex ontogeny - such as righting, negative geotactic, and cliff-avoidance responses - was evaluated until P9 as a measure of early neurodevelopment. Feeding a WSD resulted in approximately 20% heavier dams in the OB group by the time of mating. Metformin administration led to gestational weight gain of about 56%, compared to OB weight gain of approximately 64%. Plasma leptin levels, perigonadal white adipose tissue, fasting glucose, and HbA1c in OB + M dams were numerically intermediate between OB and CO at mid-gestation, without reaching statistical significance, while glucose tolerance remained impaired to a similar extent as in OB dams. Metformin reduced placental weight in female fetuses and increased the fetal-to-placental weight ratio compared with the CO group. Metformin had no effect on neonatal survival but accelerated postnatal weight gain in both sexes and improved sensory-motor reflex maturation compared to OB neonates, most consistently for the geotactic reflex in both sexes and the cliff avoidance reflex in females. Metformin did not restore maternal metabolic parameters at mid-gestation, despite the numerically intermediate phenotype across several markers, but it significantly attenuated gestational weight gain. Although neonatal survival was not improved, gestational metformin was associated with accelerated postnatal weight gain and improved sensory-motor reflex maturation in offspring, though effects varied across reflex types. Accelerated postnatal weight gain warrants cautious interpretation and long-term follow-up, as it is a risk factor for childhood obesity and metabolic disorders in later life.
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3. Breastfeeding type is associated with urinary metabolic changes in early life: influence of sex and early weight gain in healthy term infants.
PMID:日期:2026-09-15Perinatal factors are key modulators of neonatal metabolism and may contribute to long-term health trajectories. However, the metabolic adaptations underlying these early-life influences remain poorly characterized. In this study, we comprehensively characterized neonatal urinary metabolic profiles associated with multiple perinatal factors in full-term, healthy, breastfed infants at one month of age. Ninety-six urine samples from full-term, healthy, breastfed infants at one month of age were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Exploratory multivariate analyses identified the maternal and infant factors most strongly associated with urinary metabolic variation, followed by multiblock integration to characterize the biological functions associated with the identified metabolic signatures. Breastfeeding type (exclusive, n = 79; mixed, n = 17) emerged as the factor most associated with urinary metabolic variability and was associated with differences in metabolites related to carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, gut microbiota, oxidative status, and vitamin handling, among others. Infant sex was also associated with metabolic differences, particularly affecting steroid metabolism, amino acid profiles, and mitochondrial-related compounds. In addition, weight gain during the first month of life was associated with variation in metabolites related to amino acid metabolism, gut-microbiota and antioxidant pathways. Urinary metabolomics revealed distinct metabolic signatures associated with early-life exposures. Among the factors studied, breastfeeding type (mixed vs. exclusive) was associated with the most pronounced differences in the urinary metabolome. These findings highlight the potential of urinary metabolomics for investigating early-life metabolic adaptations and provide a basis for future studies exploring the relationship between infant feeding and metabolic programming.
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4. Effects of preterm birth and gestational diabetes on innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in human breast milk.
PMID:日期:2026-09-01Breastfeeding provides key immunological and metabolic benefits for newborns, reducing complications of preterm birth and long-term risks associated with maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, the mechanisms underlying these protective effects, particularly the role of maternal immune cells in breast milk, remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate how preterm birth and GDM influence the composition of breast milk-derived innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) during early lactation and to explore whether these maternal cells affect neonatal immune characteristics in vitro using cord blood T cells as a model system. Breast milk samples (colostrum and transitional milk) were collected within the first two weeks postpartum from mothers of term and preterm infants. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that total ILC frequencies decreased over time, with no significant differences between term and preterm deliveries. Colostrum from GDM mothers, however, contained significantly higher ILC frequencies compared with samples from normoglycemic controls, indicating that maternal metabolic status alters the immunological composition of breast milk. Cord blood T cells from GDM pregnancies showed elevated expression of the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1), suggesting an enhanced migratory phenotype. Co-culture experiments with breast milk-derived ILCs did not further increase S1PR1 expression or modify T cell activation markers (CD25, CD69, CTLA-4, PD-1). We emphasize that all functional assays were conducted in vitro using coculture systems with umbilical cord blood cells and were not performed directly on newborns. Maternal GDM modifies the composition of breast milk-derived ILCs and is associated with altered receptor expression on neonatal cord blood T cells. Nevertheless, in vitro exposure to breast milk ILCs did not enhance T cell activation, suggesting that breastfeeding may help maintain neonatal immune balance despite maternal metabolic stress. These results highlight a potential regulatory role of breast milk immune cells at the maternal-infant interface and underscore the importance of breastfeeding in mitigating pro-inflammatory programming in infants of GDM mothers.
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5. Pediatric intensive care follow-up in Germany is rarely established and highly heterogeneous: a nationwide survey of 20 PICUs.
PMID:日期:2026-08-28Survival after pediatric critical illness has improved substantially, but many survivors and their families experience long-term physical, neurocognitive, psychological and social sequelae, summarized as post-intensive care syndrome in pediatrics and in families. Structured follow-up care after discharge from a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) is considered essential, yet its implementation in Germany has not been described systematically. We therefore assessed the current structures, organizational forms and barriers of PICU follow-up care in Germany. A structural survey was conducted among 20 German PICUs collaborating within the Section of Pediatric Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine of the German Interdisciplinary Association of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine and the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit Admissions Network. One representative per center reported basic unit characteristics, the availability and organization of follow-up services, the disciplines and components involved, the timing of assessments, and perceived barriers to implementation. Nineteen of the 20 participating centers were university hospitals. Structured follow-up care was established in four centers (20%) and planned in seven (35%). Follow-up relied largely on existing ambulatory structures, most frequently social pediatric centers and academic outpatient clinics, and was led by pediatric intensive care specialists in most centers. A core set of disciplines was involved in nearly all programs, while the broader team composition, the components of care and the timing of assessments varied considerably; most consultations took place within four months after discharge, without predefined later timepoints. 90% of centers rated the need for structured follow-up as high or very high. The most frequent barriers were lack of personnel, logistic challenges, lack of financing and limited therapeutic capacities. Structured PICU follow-up care in Germany is rarely established and highly heterogeneous, despite a uniformly high perceived need. Nationwide minimum standards linked to a harmonized outcome set, interdisciplinary coordination and sustainable financing are required to translate this need into routine care.
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6. Concerted action of gammaherpesvirus infection and moderate hyperoxia on lung structural development including effects on critical lung fibroblast functions in neonatal mice.
PMID:日期:2026-08-12The development of chronic lung disease, also known as Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD), is the most prevalent complication after premature birth. Viral infections are discussed to drive or aggravate lung disease, but only little is known about their role in BPD pathophysiology. We therefore used a preclinical model as well as primary neonatal mouse lung fibroblasts to study the impact of viral infection on disease development in the presence or absence of hyperoxia induced lung injury. Neonatal C57BL/6 mice (PND 5-7) were infected with murine gammaherpesvirus-68 (MHV-68) by intranasal inoculation with or without pre-exposure to moderate hyperoxia (40%, 24 h). Next to the assessment of infection and replication (lytic and latent phase), lung histology and growth factor signaling were investigated together with indicators of proliferation and apoptosis early and late after infection. In vitro, these experiments were mirrored by exposing hyperoxia challenged and unchallenged primary neonatal mouse lung fibroblasts to MHV-68 (24 h). Analyses included cell function and developmentally relevant signaling. MHV-68 infection in neonatal mice resulted in acute lung inflammation early after infection, followed by histopathologic abnormalities at 5 months of age and altered growth factor signaling in hyperoxia and virus exposed mice. In primary neonatal mouse lung fibroblasts, MHV-68 infection impaired critical developmental functions including migration and proliferation together with a decrease in Pdgfr-α expression that was reproduced in vivo in the lung periphery. Interestingly, in vitro virus-induced effects were only partially augmented by pre-exposure to clinically relevant levels of hyperoxia. The present study highlights the potential of MHV-68 to perturb fibroblast functions with a critical role in structural lung development. These effects are virus-dependent with longer-term effects being partially augmented by oxygen exposure. Our pilot study is the first that combines a relatively mild virus infection with exposure to only moderate levels of oxygen and underscores the importance to identify and better understand early, pathophysiologically relevant insults that impact on the dynamics of lung development and the need to verify these drivers in clinical studies.
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8. MRI paving the way to diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children and adolescents - a retrospective observational study.
PMID:日期:2026-08-04Prompt diagnosis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains a clinical challenge, particularly in children presenting with normal blood counts and musculoskeletal symptoms. With the increasing use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in evaluating such complaints, bone marrow signal alterations may be detected before hematologic abnormalities appear. Previous studies have described characteristic MRI patterns in leukemia, suggesting potential for earlier recognition. This study aims to clarify the role of MRI in the diagnostic pathway of pediatric ALL and to define radiological findings that should prompt bone marrow examination. We retrospectively reviewed all patients diagnosed with ALL at our institution between 2006 and 2024 and included those who underwent MRI prior to diagnosis. Clinical data were collected, and all MRI studies were re-evaluated by an experienced pediatric radiologist. Twenty pediatric patients with ALL were included. Due to differing MRI protocols, the cohort was divided into two groups: one group (n = 17) underwent musculoskeletal imaging and one group (n = 3) underwent imaging of the trunk. Overall, MRI-detected bone marrow signal alterations contributed to diagnosis in 20 of 424 (4.7%) newly diagnosed pediatric ALL cases. More than one-third of patients (7/20; 35%) had a completely normal complete blood count (CBC) at presentation. Persistent bone pain was the leading symptom, preceding imaging in 18/20 cases. The mean time from symptom onset to MRI was 20.8 days (range 1-65), while the mean time from MRI to diagnosis was 18.4 days (range 0-180). In the musculoskeletal scans, all patients showed bone marrow signal alterations, predominantly T1-weighted (T1w) hypointensity (17/17) and proton-density-weighted (PDw) or T2-weighted short tau inversion recovery (T2w-STIR) hyperintensity (16/17). In the trunk scans, diffusion-weighted imaging revealed high DWI signal with low ADC values (3/3), and T2-weighted images demonstrated focal lesions (3/3). MRI plays an important role in the diagnostic pathway of pediatric ALL, especially in patients with persistent musculoskeletal pain and normal blood counts. In our cohort, MRI examinations could initiate a rapid diagnostic process leading to ALL confirmation. Diffuse T1w hypointensity and diffusion restriction emerged as key imaging findings. A normal CBC should therefore not delay urgent oncologic assessment when the clinical presentation and MRI pattern are suspicious for leukemia.
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9. Multiple-breath washout at 12 months of age reveals lung function impairments in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
PMID:日期:2026-07-28Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a major complication of preterm birth and may lead to long-term respiratory morbidity. Early measurements of impaired lung function are needed to guide the development of preventive strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and potential utility of MBW-derived parameters for detecting early lung function impairment in preterm infants at a corrected age of 12 months. We conducted a single-centre study of preterm infants at 12 months' corrected age using sulfur hexafluoride MBW during spontaneous sleep. Tidal Breathing Flow Volume Loops (TBFVL) and MBW were used to assess respiratory parameters including lung clearance index (LCI). This was complemented by parental questionnaires on infant health. The cohort was stratified into three groups based on BPD diagnosis: (I) severe BPD (oxygen requirement at 28 days and respiratory support at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age), (II) mild BPD (oxygen requirement at 28 days but no oxygen or respiratory support at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age ) and (III) no BPD. Reliable TBFVL and MBW measurements during spontaneous sleep were obtained in 45 of 112 infants (40%) including 8 infants with severe BPD and 7 infants with mild BPD. Infants with BPD exhibited higher LCI values (7.0 vs. 6.5, p = 0.018) and lower ratios of tidal volume to functional residual capacity (0.40 vs. 0.51, p = 0.022) compared to infants without BPD. Infants with severe BPD had higher LCI values than those without BPD (7.1 vs. 6.5, p = 0.022). LCI was positively correlated with the duration of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) support (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.476, p = 0.001), oxygen supplementation (r = 0.444, p = 0.002) and antibiotic treatment (r = 0.435, p = 0.003), respectively. Higher LCI values were also associated with an increased rate of hospital readmissions due to respiratory infections. Despite limited feasibility, MBW measurements obtained during spontaneous sleep at 12 months' corrected age revealed impaired lung function in preterm infants with BPD. LCI correlated with the duration of antibiotic treatment, CPAP support, and oxygen supplementation all of which represent potentially modifiable clinical factors. These findings suggest that LCI may serve as a promising early lung function parameter for long-term respiratory vulnerability.
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10. Gut-brain-immune interactions in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.
10. 新生儿缺氧缺血性脑损伤的肠脑免疫相互作用PMID:日期:2026-07-27Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is the leading cause of childhood mortality and neurodevelopmental disability. Despite therapeutic hypothermia as the only clinically established treatment to date, outcomes remain poor for a significant proportion of affected infants. Mechanistic understanding has been brain-oriented in the past, however the gut and immune system are increasingly recognized as active modulators of brain injury, recovery and neurodevelopment. Gut microbiota regulate microglial maturation, myelination and blood-brain barrier integrity. Neonatal HI induces gut dysbiosis and barrier failure, associated with neuroinflammation. First, faecal microbiota transplantation experiments in animal models suggest a causal relationship. Clinical data corroborate microbial perturbations in HIE infants, though antibiotic exposure and the NICU environment represent potential confounders. At the level of the immune system, dysregulated peripheral innate and adaptive immune responses are well documented in HI-affected neonates, with some alterations persisting into school age. The microbiota dimension of these immune responses remains largely unexplored, despite well-characterized microbiota-immune interactions in models of adult stroke. Therapeutic candidates include probiotics, human milk oligosaccharides and butyrate, each with preliminary preclinical support but no completed clinical trials in HIE. Reframing neonatal HI as a systemic gut-brain-immune disease opens up new possibilities for adjunctive therapy and biomarker discovery. Progress requires longitudinal multi-omic clinical cohorts, sex-stratified and disease-phase-resolved preclinical analyses and rigorous evaluation of microbiome-targeted interventions.