Cardiovascular Ultrasound心血管超声
Cardiovascular Ultrasound(英文缩写 CARDIOVASC ULTRASOUN),ISSN 1476-7120,eISSN 1476-7120,中文译名:心血管超声 是一本学术期刊。本页汇总该期刊的最新影响因子、分区信息以及最新收录于 PubMed 的文献,帮助您快速了解期刊全貌。
发文量统计区间：2025-09-28 至 2026-09-28，按本站收录文献的发表日期统计。
期刊介绍
Cardiovascular Ultrasound 最新收录文献
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1. A balloon-like cardiac myxoma mimicking a blood-filled cyst.
PMID:日期:2026-09-21Myxoma is the most common benign cardiac tumor. We reported a rare variant of balloon-like cystic cardiac myxoma. A 54-year-old woman presented with exertional dyspnea, chest tightness, and intermittent dizziness. Electrocardiogram and laboratory studies were unremarkable. Transthoracic echocardiography(TTE) revealed a balloon-like cystic mass in the left atrium mimicking a blood-filled cyst. Contrast echocardiography demonstrated a contrast-filled lesion with iso-myocardial enhancement. Transesophageal echocardiography(TEE) identified a distinct arterial inflow at the cyst base and an outflow orifice, which was further confirmed during surgery by the administration of cardioplegic solution. The mass was successfully resected and confirmed a cystic cardiac myxoma. Cystic myxoma is a rare variant with only few cases reported. The presented balloon-like variant of myxoma exhibited unique anatomical and hemodynamic features that elucidate its formation mechanism.
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2. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: state of the art on diagnosis and current therapeutic approach.
PMID:日期:2026-09-14Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common genetic cardiomyopathy and is characterized by unexplained myocardial hypertrophy. This condition exhibits marked clinical and prognostic heterogeneity. Advances in cardiovascular imaging techniques and genetic testing have significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy, phenotypic characterization, and prognostic assessment. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can present with a broad spectrum of genetic substrates and clinical presentations, ranging from asymptomatic individuals to those with heart failure, arrhythmias, and even sudden cardiac death. The first-line method for diagnosis, risk stratification, and follow-up of these patients is echocardiography, but additional techniques, such as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, provide complementary information, such as quantification of fibrosis, and more accurate measurements. Genetic testing contributes to etiological diagnosis and family screening. Treatment options include both pharmacological therapy (such as beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and disopyramide), which is the first-line therapy, and septal reduction techniques (alcohol septal ablation, surgical myectomy), which should be reserved for selected patients. Recently, cardiac myosin inhibitors have emerged as a novel therapeutic option, demonstrating significant reductions in left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and improvement in symptoms. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has evolved considerably with advances in imaging techniques, genetic evaluation, and targeted therapies. This review examines the primary diagnostic and management strategies, both established and emerging, for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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3. Moderate aortic stenosis: diagnostic pitfalls and the role of multimodality imaging in risk stratification and clinical management.
PMID:日期:2026-09-07Moderate aortic stenosis (AS) has traditionally been considered a transitional and relatively benign stage of valvular disease. Yet, contemporary evidence shows that it is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality even before progression to severe AS. This paper synthesizes current evidence on the limitations of standard echocardiography, highlights the role of advanced imaging and artificial intelligence, and outlines evolving strategies for risk stratification and clinical management. Multimodality imaging provides a more accurate assessment of disease severity beyond conventional echocardiographic parameters: computed tomography aortic valve calcium scoring, cardiac magnetic resonance, and 18 F-sodium fluoride positron emission tomography reveal early myocardial injury and identify rapid progressors. AI further enhances reproducibility and supports the development of emerging prognostic models. A staging approach that integrates ventricular, atrial, and right-sided involvement correlates more closely with clinical outcomes than valve metrics alone, enabling a more comprehensive characterization of disease burden. Although guideline-directed surveillance remains the standard strategy for most patients, selected high-risk individuals, particularly those with adverse remodeling, elevated biomarkers, or recurrent heart failure admissions, may benefit from earlier intervention. While waiting for the results of ongoing randomized trials cardiologist should implement all the imaging multimodality tools available in order to individuate patients in which an earlier treatment of moderate AS will more probably improve long-term outcomes.
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4. The diagnostic accuracy of left ventricular ejection fraction assessment between visual and artificial intelligence-based algorithms on bedside ultrasound.
PMID:日期:2026-08-31Focused cardiac ultrasound (FoCUS) has become the standard of care for bedside assessments of cardiac function. With the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), there is limited evidence comparing it to bedside visual assessments by experienced users. In our prospective study conducted at Tufts Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts from December 2020 to March 2022, patients ≥ 18 years requiring a TTE were recruited by convenience sampling. They each underwent FoCUS LVEF classification by AI and bedside visual assessment, with TTE as reference. LVEF was calculated by Simpson's biplane method of disks in AI-FoCUS and TTE, and visual global assessment by the bedside sonographer. Data analysis was completed in October 2025. Our 215 participants had a median age of 63 (IQR 49-73) years with 83 (38.6%) being female. AI-FoCUS assessments showed good agreement with TTE (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.84, 95% CI: 0.80-0.88), while visual assessments had stronger concordance (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96-0.98). Categorization of LV dysfunction severity showed excellent agreement with TTE for both AI-FoCUS (kappa 0.89, 95% CI: 0.84-0.94) and visual estimate (kappa 0.96, 95% CI: 0.92-0.99). For AI-FoCUS, the area under the curve (AUC) for identifying an abnormal LVEF (< 50%) was 0.9779 (95% CI: 0.9591-0.9967) with sensitivity 90.9% (95% CI: 88.1-100), specificity 95.6% (95% CI: 92.6-98.6), positive predictive value (PPV) 0.79 (95% CI: 0.66-0.92) and negative predictive value (NPV) 0.98 (95% CI: 0.96-1.00). For visual estimate, the AUC was 0.9961 (95% CI: 0.9915-1.000) with sensitivity 90.9% (95% CI: 88.1-100), specificity 97.8% (95% CI: 95.7-99.9), PPV 0.88 (95% CI: 0.77-0.99) and NPV 0.98 (95% CI: 0.96-1.00). AI-assisted FoCUS LVEF assessments provide accurate estimates for the presence and severity of LV dysfunction but are outperformed in the latter by experienced bedside users.
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5. Evaluating sex bias in artificial intelligence-based echocardiographic analysis: a retrospective study on individuals with normal cardiac function and patients with systolic and diastolic dysfunction.
PMID:日期:2026-08-17Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve echocardiography. However, AI systems may exhibit sex bias, reproducing societal stereotypes and performing worse for certain groups, potentially leading to unequal healthcare outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether there are sex-related differences in the agreement between a fully automated AI-based analysis and routine echocardiographic report generated by the interpreting cardiologist in patients undergoing transthoracic echocardiography. This retrospective study evaluated seven echocardiographic parameters in 95 women and 88 men by comparing AI-generated values with clinical assessments. Participants included individuals with normal cardiac function (34 women, 31 men) and patients with systolic (30 women, 29 men) or diastolic dysfunction (31 women, 28 men). Parameters included ejection fraction, left ventricular volume, left atrial volume, é velocities (septal and lateral), tricuspid valve regurgitation, and E/é ratio. Potential sex-based differences were assessed by comparing agreement between clinical and AI-generated values in women and men using correlations, absolute errors, Bland-Altman analyses and AUC values. Correlation coefficients in women ranged from 0.67 to 0.93 and in men from 0.32 to 0.93. Absolute errors did not differ significantly between sexes for five of the seven evaluated parameters. However, men showed a higher absolute error for TR velocity (0.15 vs. 0.07, p = 0.001), whereas women showed a higher absolute error for the E/é ratio (0.76 vs. 0.39, p < 0.001). Bland-Altman analysis showed larger mean differences in men for five of seven parameters. The magnitude of the differences in AUC values between women and men was small, ranging from 0.017 (TR velocity) to 0.048 (left ventricular ejection fraction). This study did not demonstrate systematic sex-related differences in AI performance, but the findings require confirmation in larger cohorts. Continued monitoring for bias remains important as AI integration in echocardiography expands.
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6. Right ventricular-pulmonary artery uncoupling identifies higher risk of combined pulmonary hypertension in patients undergoing TAVR.
PMID:日期:2026-08-03Right ventricular-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) uncoupling, expressed as the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion/systolic pulmonary artery pressure (TAPSE/PAPs) ratio, is a negative prognostic indicator in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for severe aortic stenosis (AS). This study aims to investigate the association between the echocardiographically measured TAPSE/PAPs ratio and invasively determined pulmonary hypertension (PH) subtypes in this population, with the goal of identifying patients at higher risk. This study is a retrospective analysis of 667 patients who underwent TAVR for native severe symptomatic AS at our center between January 2015 and December 2022. All patients underwent a comprehensive transthoracic echocardiographic evaluation and right heart catheterization prior to the procedure. PH was classified into: no PH, isolated post-capillary PH (IpcPH), and combined pre- and post-capillary PH (CoPH). Follow-up time was defined as the time from the procedure to the last documented contact with the patient (alive) or to the time of documented death. All-cause mortality at two years was the primary endpoint. eTAPSE/PAPs showed a moderately positive correlation with pulmonary vascular resistance (Spearman's Rho = 0.52; p = 0.025) and was associated with CoPH (odds ratio 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.10-1.30). ROC curve analysis showed that eTAPSE/PAPs discriminated presence of CoPH with an AUC of 0.740. The optimal cut-off value was 0.29 mm/mmHg (sensitivity 72%, specificity 60%). During follow-up, 157 deaths were recorded. Kaplan-Meier curves showed a significant difference in overall mortality at 2 years when patients were stratified according to eTPASE/PAPs ratio value of 0.29 (log rank = 4.94, p = 0.026). The eTAPSE/PAPs ratio identifies patients with symptomatic AS undergoing TAVR with higher risk of CoPH. These patients can benefit from an RHC to refine pre-operative risk assessment.
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7. Pulse Doppler ultrasound measurement of central artery elasticity: an exploratory study.
PMID:日期:2026-07-23Arterial stiffness, as a biomarker of cardiovascular diseases, is most often described by a surrogate global stiffness index, pulse pressure wave velocity (PWV), a measure of the time for pressure pulses to transit to sensors normally placed on different arteries. However, local arterial elasticity also influences the transient response of an artery to an impulse of flow, as characterized by the local pulsatile flow velocity waveform. Such transient response to pulsatile flow has not previously been analyzed as an indicator of arterial stiffness and a biomarker of cardiovascular disease. The objectives of this exploratory study were to identify physical relationships between arteries' pulse flow velocity (PFV) transient response characteristics and the elasticity of central arteries, and to provide preliminary evidence of a match between measured arterial pulse flow response characteristics and those predicted by physical relationships. A transmission line model is applied to the analysis of transient blood flow velocity waveforms, a new analytic approach, offering a new measure of arterial elasticity, that of natural frequency, which is shown to be directly related to arterial stiffness. Specific flow velocity values, as measured at specific points on damped oscillation transient flow velocity waveforms, enable the determination of the natural frequency associated with the artery's transient response to an impulse of flow from the left ventricle. The damped oscillation transient flow velocity waveforms, as measured by pulse Doppler ultrasound, is shown to match the damped oscillation flow velocity waveforms measured on the thoracic aorta and on the femoral artery. Such matching includes Bland-Altman analysis of waveform match using zero, one and two reflection sites. Also, the local stiffnesses of central arteries determined from the pulse Doppler ultrasound measurement of natural frequency are shown to match global stiffness reported for the same arteries using established PWV measurement approaches, providing an initial indicator of the validity of this new sonographic arterial elasticity measurement technique. This new arterial elasticity measurement technique, Doppler ultrasound measurement of vascular natural frequency, potentially offers advantages over established pulse pressure wave velocity measurement techniques as follows: a The measurement of elasticity at specific arterial locations; b The measurement of the elasticity of deeply set central arteries, and; c The potential for measuring central artery elasticity in clinical settings. This study is exploratory in that the application of pulse flow transient velocity waveform analysis to the determination of arterial elasticity is a novel departure from established pulse pressure wave analysis approaches. The study's preliminary findings, specifically the match between predicted transient flow velocity waveforms and those measured, and also the match between predicted PWVs to those measured using established pulse transit time techniques, are both sufficiently close that further independent verification and more extensive formal validation initiatives are indicated and justifiable.
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8. Quantitative assessment of systolic and diastolic left ventricular energy loss using vector flow mapping in healthy participants: a retrospective observational study.
PMID:日期:2026-07-20Energy loss (EL) derived from vector flow mapping (VFM) is an indicator of intraventricular flow efficiency in the left ventricle. However, standardized reference values in adults have not been established. Furthermore, the clinical significance of systolic and diastolic EL assessments has not been fully explored. Therefore, we aimed to separately quantify VFM-derived EL during systole and diastole in healthy participants, and to clarify age-related differences. This single-center retrospective observational study included 41 healthy participants (young group < 65-years-old, n = 16; elderly group ≥ 65-years-old, n = 25) who underwent transthoracic echocardiography between April 2025 and April 2026. VFM was used to quantify maximum mean EL, mean systolic EL (Mean ELS), mean diastolic EL (Mean ELD), the diastolic-to-systolic EL ratio (ELD/ELS), and the ratio of the diastolic to systolic EL area under the time curve (AUC/AUC). In addition, EL indices normalized by stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), mitral inflow velocities (E and A waves), and myocardial relaxation index (e') were evaluated. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk test, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Fisher's exact test. The maximum mean EL and Mean ELS were significantly higher in the elderly group than in the younger group, whereas no significant difference was observed in Mean ELD. In phase-based comparisons, the ELD/ELS and AUC ratios were significantly lower in the elderly group. Among the normalized EL parameters, Mean ELS/SV and Mean ELS/CO remained significantly higher in the elderly group, indicating that age-related differences in EL persisted after normalization. VFM-derived EL exhibits age-related, phase-dependent changes characterized by a selective increase in systolic EL and altered phase distribution in healthy participants. Separate assessment of systolic and diastolic EL may provide insights into left ventricular flow efficiency beyond conventional echocardiographic indices. jRCT1030250395 (Registration date: 29 September 2025).
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9. Computer modeling to improve measurement of stroke volume with echocardiography.
9. 计算机建模以改进超声心动图测量每搏输出量PMID:日期:2026-07-06The stroke volume (SV) can be measured by a human expert (HE) using the left ventricular outflow tract diameter (LVOTd) and its velocity time integral (VTI) with echo. If the SV is known, the cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance can be calculated. We have previously described a machine learning computer model (CM) to estimate the LVOTd. The accuracy of LVOTd vs. LVOTd in estimation of the SV relative to a pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) is unknown. Over 20 months, a prospective observational study was done in patients with a PAC placed for clinical indications. Participants underwent an echocardiogram, and at the same time the SV was measured by PAC. The SV with echo was calculated using the LVOTd and LVOTd and the VTI. The bias and agreement between the metrics and PAC were determined with Bland-Altman analysis. Computer modeling improves measurement of stroke volume with echocardiography. Eighty-four patients with a PAC were enrolled. With human expert measurement of the LVOTd and the VTI, the SV could be calculated in 59 (70%), and with the LVOTd and the VTI in 78 (92%). Bland Altman analysis comparing PAC and HEM yielded a mean bias of 3.1 with 95% limits of agreement (LOA) -28.8 and 34.9. When comparing PAC and CM, bias was 1.75 and LOA of -29 and 32.5. A machine learning model of the LVOTd allows accurate calculation of the SV using only the VTI, simplifying the assessment while increasing the yield by 22%. Machine learning tools can lower the bar for obtaining quantitative metrics with echo. Adding objective and repeatable measures will improve the ability of echo to guide therapy in the critically ill.
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10. Quantification of mitral regurgitation: from traditional methods to artificial intelligence.
PMID:日期:2026-06-15Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a common valvular disorder and associated with adverse outcomes. Echocardiography is the primary imaging modality for MR assessment; however, standard methods rely on geometric assumptions and single-frame analysis, which are especially inaccurate in the setting of eccentric, multiple or non-holosystolic jets. Recent developments in machine learning have enabled automated quantification of MR, which analyse regurgitant flow throughout systole, account for non-hemispheric orifice area and jet morphology, and demonstrate favourable agreement with cardiac magnetic resonance. In addition, AI capable of detecting and grading MR directly from echocardiographic clips offer potential utility for screening, particularly in low-resource settings where specialist review is limited. Quantification of Mitral Regurgitation: from traditional methods to Artificial Intelligence.