NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS核仪器与方法物理研究B辑：束流与材料、原子相互作用
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS(英文缩写 NUCL INSTRUM METH B),ISSN 0168-583X,eISSN 1872-9584,中文译名:核仪器与方法物理研究B辑：束流与材料、原子相互作用 是一本学术期刊。本页汇总该期刊的最新影响因子、分区信息以及最新收录于 PubMed 的文献,帮助您快速了解期刊全貌。
发文量统计区间：2025-10-01 至 2026-09-30，按本站收录文献的发表日期统计。
期刊介绍
历年影响因子趋势
| JCR 数据年份 | 影响因子 | JCR 分区 |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 1.279 | Q3 |
| 2022 | 1.300 | Q3 |
| 2023 | 1.400 | Q3 |
| 2024 | 1.300 | Q3 |
| 2025 | 1.500 | Q3 |
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS 最新收录文献
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1. Prototype Magnetic Deflector System for Light Element Particle Induced X-Ray Emission Analysis.
PMID:期刊:日期:2025-08-16The improvements made to ultra-thin windows for X-ray detectors in recent years have allowed for the detection of elements as light as lithium. However, their use with particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) spectroscopy typically requires the addition of an absorber thick enough to prevent backscattered ions from reaching the detector. This also prevents lower energy (< 1 keV) X-rays from reaching the detector. By using a magnetic field to deflect backscattered ions away, the absorber can be eliminated, allowing for the detection of ultra-low energy X-rays. At the Ion Beam Laboratory of the University of North Texas, a prototype PIXE system using a magnetic deflector has been developed to allow for the detection and measurement of X-rays from light elements using a silicon drift X-ray detector with a ultra-thin window. With an average magnetic flux density of 0.88 T along the center, backscattered protons of an energy up to 1.22 MeV were successfully deflected away from the X-ray detector. Light element PIXE was performed with a 1 MeV proton beam on manganese oxide, sodium chloride and a Hibiscus rosa-sinenesis leaf. Elements of 5 ≤ Z ≤ 30 were successfully detected.
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2. Production and separation of positron emitters for hadron therapy at FRS-Cave M.
PMID:期刊:日期:2023-05-19The FRagment Separator FRS at GSI is a versatile spectrometer and separator for experiments with relativistic in-flight separated short-lived exotic beams. One branch of the FRS is connected to the target hall where the bio-medical cave (Cave M) is located. Recently a joint activity between the experimental groups of the FRS and the biophysics at the GSI and Department of physics at LMU was started to perform biomedical experiments relevant for hadron therapy with positron emitting carbon and oxygen beams. This paper presents the new ion-optical mode and commissioning results of the FRS-Cave M branch where positron emitting O-ions were provided to the medical cave for the first time. An overall conversion efficiency of 2.9±0.2×10 O fragments per primary O ion accelerated in the synchrotron SIS18 was reached.
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3. Isotopic production cross sections in proton-16O and proton-12C interactions for energies from 10 MeV/u to 100 GeV/u.
PMID:期刊:日期:2022-11-16Proton interactions with O or C nuclei are frequent nuclear interaction leading to secondary radiation in tissues for space radiation and cancer therapy with protons or ion beams. The fragmentation of these ions by protons produces a large number of heavy ion (A>4) target or projectile fragments often with high ionization density. Here we develop an analytical model of energy dependent proton-O and proton-C cross sections for isotopic nuclei production. Using experimental data and a 2 order optical model an accurate formula for the absorption cross section from <10 MeV/u to >10 GeV/u is obtained. The energy dependence of the elemental and isotopic cross sections is modeled as multiplicities scaled to absorption cross section with average isotopic fractions estimated from experimental data. We show that this approach results in accurate analytic formulae for isotopic fragmentation cross sections over the full energy range in hadron therapy and space radiation protection studies.
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4. {"_":"Optimization of the LLNL/CAMS gas-accepting ion source and 1 MV compact AMS for natural abundance radiocarbon analysis of CO.","sub":["2"]}
PMID:期刊:日期:2022-09-11The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory - Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (LLNL/CAMS) 1 MV AMS system was converted from a biomedical AMS instrument to a natural abundance C spectrometer. The system is equipped with a gas-accepting hybrid ion source capable of measuring both solid (graphite) and gaseous (CO) samples. Here we describe a series of experiments intended to establish and optimize CO measurement capabilities at natural abundance levels. A maximum instantaneous ionization efficiency of 8 % was achieved with 3 % CO in helium at a flow rate of approximately 220 μL/min (3.5 μg C/min). For modern materials (e.g., OX I) we measured an average of 240 ± 50 14C counts/μg C, equivalent to a total system efficiency of approximately 3 %. Experimental CO samples with FC values ranging from 0.20 to 1.05 measured as both graphite and directly as CO gas produced equivalent values with an average offset of < 2σ.
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5. {"_":"Study of Total, Absorption, and He and H Production Cross Sections in He-proton Collisions.","sup":["3","3","4"]}
PMID:期刊:日期:2021-07-05Light ion breakup cross sections are important for studies of cosmic ray interactions in the inter-stellar medium or radiation protection considerations of energy deposition in shielding and tissues. Abrasion cross sections for heavy ion reactions have been modeled using the Glauber model in the large mass limit or Eikonal form of the optical potential model. Here we formulate an abrasion model for He fragmentation on protons using the Glauber model avoiding the large mass limit and include a model for final state interactions. Calculations of energy dependent total, absorption, elastic and breakup cross sections for He into He or H with proton targets are shown to be in good agreement with experiments for energies from 100 to 100,000 MeV/u. The Glauber model for light nuclei with and without a large mass limit approximation is shown to be in fair agreement above 300 MeV/u, however important differences occur at lower energies.
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6. {"_":"Conversion of the LLNL/CAMS 1 MV biological AMS system to a semi-automated natural abundance C spectrometer: system optimization and performance evaluation.","sup":["14"]}
PMID:期刊:日期:2021-05-21The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory - Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry compact 1 MV biomedical accelerator mass spectrometer was repurposed and optimized for the semi-automated radiocarbon measurement of natural abundance environmental samples. Substantial efforts were made to greatly improve instrument precision and develop semi-automation capabilities for unattended operation. Here we present results from 15 months of routine system operation and evaluate the system performance based on 30 sample wheels measured with directly comparable operating conditions over 7 months from August 2019 to March 2020. Unattended operation was enabled through software that tracks specific error conditions and can initiate a complete instrument shutdown when specific criteria were met. The average measurement precision was found to be 2.7 ± 0.7 ‰ based on repeated measurements of OX I standards. Accuracy was assessed with measurements of standard materials with known C-content, spanning 0.5 to 1.5 modern, and by comparison to split samples measured with the 10 MV FN AMS system. We also assessed sample size and age limitations using C-free materials, finding that we can routinely analyze samples as small as 300 μg C and less than 33000 years without the need for size-specific correction protocols.
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7. Synchrotron Radiation as a Tool for Macromolecular X-Ray Crystallography: a XXI Century Perspective.
PMID:期刊:日期:2021-01-05Intense X-rays available at powerful synchrotron beamlines provide macromolecular crystallographers with an incomparable tool for investigating biological phenomena on an atomic scale. The resulting insights into the mechanism's underlying biological processes have played an essential role and shaped biomedical sciences during the last 30 years, considered the "golden age" of structural biology. In this review, we analyze selected aspects of the impact of synchrotron radiation on structural biology. Synchrotron beamlines have been used to determine over 70% of all macromolecular structures deposited into the Protein Data Bank (PDB). These structures were deposited by over 13,000 different research groups. Interestingly, despite the impressive advances in synchrotron technologies, the median resolution of macromolecular structures determined using synchrotrons has remained constant throughout the last 30 years, at about 2 Å. Similarly, the median times from the data collection to the deposition and release have not changed significantly. We describe challenges to reproducibility related to recording all relevant data and metadata during the synchrotron experiments, including diffraction images. Finally, we discuss some of the recent opinions suggesting a diminishing importance of X-ray crystallography due to impressive advances in Cryo-EM and theoretical modeling. We believe that synchrotrons of the future will increasingly evolve towards a life science center model, where X-ray crystallography, Cryo-EM, and other experimental and computational resources and knowledge are encompassed within a versatile research facility. The recent response of crystallographers to the COVID-19 pandemic suggests that X-ray crystallography conducted at synchrotron beamlines will continue to play an essential role in structural biology and drug discovery for years to come.
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8. Naphthalene DNA Adduct Formation and Tolerance in the Lung.
PMID:期刊:日期:2018-07-13Naphthalene (NA) is a respiratory toxicant and possible human carcinogen. NA is a ubiquitous combustion product and significant component of jet fuel. The National Toxicology Program found that NA forms tumors in two species, in rats (nose) and mice (lung). However, it has been argued that NA does not pose a cancer risk to humans because NA is bioactivated by cytochrome P450 monooxygenase enzymes that have very high efficiency in the lung tissue of rodents but low efficiency in the lung tissue of humans. It is thought that NA carcinogenesis in rodents is related to repeated cycles of lung epithelial injury and repair, an indirect mechanism. Repeated exposure to NA leads to development of tolerance, with the emergence of cells more resistant to NA insult. We tested the hypothesis that tolerance involves reduced susceptibility to the formation of NA-DNA adducts. NA-DNA adduct formation in tolerant mice was examined in individual, metabolically-active mouse airways exposed to 250 μΜ C-NA. dosing was used since it had been done previously and the act of creating a radioactive aerosol of a potential carcinogen posed too many safety and regulatory obstacles. Following extensive rinsing to remove unbound C-NA, DNA was extracted and C-NA-DNA adducts were quantified by AMS. The tolerant mice appeared to have slightly lower NA-DNA adduct levels than non-tolerant controls, but intra-group variations were large and the difference was statistically insignificant. It appears the tolerance may be more related to other mechanisms, such as NA-protein interactions in the airway, than DNA-adduct formation.
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9. Vitamin B12 Added as a Fortificant to Flour Retains High Bioavailability when Baked in Bread.
PMID:期刊:日期:2018-06-18Vitamin B12 deficiency and depletion are common world-wide, particularly in populations that consume low amounts of animal source foods. WHO and the Food Fortification Initiative recommend that wheat flour be fortified with vitamin B12 in regions where intake of B12 is low. The purpose of this pilot study in five participants was to determine if fortification of flour with B12 produced a bread product with intact B12 still present and to determine if healthy elderly absorb sufficient B12 from bread fortified in this manner. High-purity crystalline C-B12 was dissolved in water and added to flour (2 μg B12 /100 g flour) in a bread maker and made into rolls (average 1.17 kBq (31.5 nCi) C-B12 in a total of 0.8 µg B12 per roll). Excess C first appeared in plasma 4 h after ingestion of the C fortified bread and plasma levels returned almost to background by 72 h. Measurement of C in plasma verified that the dose was absorbed into the systemic circulation. The cumulative % dose recovered in urine was 4.8-37.0% (mean = 20.1%). Most of the C label in the stool appeared by day 4, and the cumulative % dose recovered in stool was 24.5- 43.0% (mean = 31.8%). Bioavailability among the 5 participants, calculated by subtracting the sum of urinary and fecal C excretion from the administered dose, was 28.4-63.7% (mean = 48.0%). This study showed that when B12 is added as a fortificant to flour it survives the fermentation and baking processes, and retains ~ 50% bioavailability when fed in small doses to healthy subjects. The Recommended Dietary Allowance of B12 for adults is 2.4 μg/d. This recommendation assumes that usual bioavailability of low doses of the vitamin in the crystalline form is 60%, while for the same amount in foods such as meat and fish it is 50%. Our pilot study shows that B12 added to bread as a fortificant in flour was absorbed as well as it is from endogenous food sources such as meat and fish.
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10. {"_":"Trials and Tribulations in the First Three Years in Operation of the SSAMS for Biomedical C-AMS at LLNL.","sup":["14"]}
PMID:期刊:日期:2018-05-17We report on the first several years of operation of our recently installed 250 kV SSAMS at LLNL, purchased to replace our 1-MV AMS system for the measurement of C from labeled biochemical samples. We have modified the ion source region to improve ion output. Additionally, the SSAMS required significant software modifications to the data acquisition system in order to accurately measure C at the high-count rates typically encountered with labeled biochemical samples. We found that the data can be corrected assuming a nonparalyzable dead time response with a single event dead time of 6 µs. Since operation began, we have measured over 13,000 graphitic unknowns and over 1900 standards with an overall precision of 1.0%. We have optimized our system for the analysis of CO2 gas samples. We compared aliquots of identical samples measured as solid graphite and as liquid drops. Excellent agreement was found between the two, although the average precision of the graphite targets was an order of magnitude better than the liquid drop analysis due to the much larger number of C atoms available for measurement.