XENOBIOTICA异生物质
XENOBIOTICA(英文缩写 XENOBIOTICA),ISSN 0049-8254,eISSN 1366-5928,中文译名:异生物质 是一本学术期刊。本页汇总该期刊的最新影响因子、分区信息以及最新收录于 PubMed 的文献,帮助您快速了解期刊全貌。
发文量统计区间：2025-11-01 至 2026-10-31，按本站收录文献的发表日期统计。
期刊介绍
历年影响因子趋势
| JCR 数据年份 | 影响因子 | JCR 分区 |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 1.997 | Q4 |
| 2022 | 1.800 | Q4 |
| 2023 | 1.300 | Q4 |
| 2024 | 1.200 | Q4 |
| 2025 | 1.500 | Q4 |
XENOBIOTICA 最新收录文献
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1. Astaxanthin Nanoemulsion Attenuates Paraquat-Induced Parkinsonism via Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Dopaminergic Dysfunction in Rats.
PMID:日期:2026-10-04Parkinson's disease (PD) involves dopaminergic dysfunction, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. This study evaluated an optimized astaxanthin-loaded nanoemulsion (AXTNE) in paraquat-induced experimental Parkinsonism. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to nine groups (n = 6). Parkinsonian alterations were induced by paraquat (10 mg/kg, i.p.) twice weekly for 4 weeks. Aqueous astaxanthin (AXT; 30 mg/kg), AXTNE (15 and 30 mg/kg), levodopa + carbidopa (15 + 3.75 mg/kg), and AXTNE-levodopa combinations were administered orally for 28 days. Motor function was assessed using catalepsy, locomotor activity, grip strength, postural instability, and beam-walk tests. Pooled bilateral striatal tissue was analyzed for oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, monoaminergic neurotransmitters, and dopaminergic protein markers. Paraquat induced motor deficits, oxidative imbalance, increased inflammatory cytokines, reduced dopamine and noradrenaline, and altered tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), and α-synuclein levels. AXTNE attenuated these alterations and reduced MDA levels measured by TBARS. AXTNE-levodopa combinations produced additional improvements across several endpoints. AXTNE attenuated multiple paraquat-associated Parkinsonian alterations, with generally greater numerical improvements than aqueous AXT. Combination with levodopa showed potential complementary effects. Further histopathological, pharmacokinetic, biodistribution, and mechanistic studies are warranted.
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2. Modulatory Effects of Zinc and Cystine on Diisononyl Phthalate-Induced Male Reproductive Injury.
PMID:日期:2026-09-251. This study investigated the combined effects of zinc and cystine on reproductive damage induced by diisononyl phthalate (DiNP) in male rats.2. A total of 28 rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 7 per group) and treated for 45 days. Group 0 (Control) received physiological saline, Group G1 (positive control) received a zinc- cystine combination at a dose of 5 mg zinc + 50 mg cystine/kg body weight, Group 2 received DiNP alone (15 mg/kg body weight), whereas Group 3 received DiNP in combination with zinc (5 mg/kg body weight) and cystine (50 mg/kg body weight).3. Hormonal parameters, including luteinizing hormone (LH), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone, were measured. Sperm concentration, motility, speed, and vitality were also evaluated, together with testicular oxidative stress markers, including GSH, GSH-Px, MDA, and SOD.4. The results showed that the zinc-cystine combination significantly alleviated the reproductive and oxidative damage induced by DiNP exposure. Improvements were observed in hormonal status, sperm quality parameters, and antioxidant defense markers compared with the DiNP-treated group.5. These findings highlight the protective potential of zinc and cystine against environmental toxin-induced reproductive dysfunction and suggest a combined effect that may have therapeutic relevance in reducing the adverse effects associated with phthalate exposure.
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3. Ergothioneine as a diet-derived xenobiotic: OCTN1-mediated disposition, mitochondrial redox regulation, and emerging implications for cardiovascular disease.
PMID:日期:2026-09-20Mitochondrial dysfunction is a convergent upstream driver of cardiovascular disease, linking energetic failure, oxidative stress, inflammation, and maladaptive remodelling.The inconsistent results of conventional antioxidant trials are likely to be the result of multiple factors, including compound selection, dose and timing, bioavailability, tissue delivery, patient heterogeneity, endpoint selection, baseline redox status, and interference with physiological redox signalling.Ergothioneine (EGT) is a dietary thiol/thione amino acid transported by OCTN1 and distributed between circulating and intracellular compartments. EGT could potentially impact redox mechanisms in extracellular, cytosolic, and mitochondria-related contexts; however, the precise roles of these contributions are uncertain and direct proof in cardiac mitochondria is lacking.This review evaluates cardiovascular, mechanistic, and translational evidence for EGT, separating direct cardiovascular data from non-cardiac observations and suggested mechanisms that need validation.MPST has emerged as an EGT-responsive enzyme associated with skeletal-muscle bioenergetics, but its mitochondrial, cytosolic, and cardiovascular roles remain unresolved. We also propose a putative neuro-mitochondrial framework in which EGT-mediated redox buffering may provide an adjunct to vagal anti-inflammatory signalling. However, there is no direct evidence for EGT in relation to vagal activity, α7-nAChR signalling or the cholinergic anti-inflammatory response.
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4. The Influence of Human Plasma on Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes: An Exploratory Study.
PMID:日期:2026-09-151. Endogenous factors can introduce significant interindividual variability in assessments of drug metabolism and drug-drug interactions.2. The current study evaluated the effects of plasma samples from 12 healthy, non-medicated subjects on the activities of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes.3. The inhibitory effects of pooled plasma across a broader concentration range (3-100%) were assessed on CYP3A activity.4. To further investigate kinetic differences, CYP3A-mediated reactions conducted in plasma were compared with those performed in human serum albumin (HSA) solution.5. Plasma increased the in vitro activities of CYP1A2, CYP2C8, and CYP2C19, while decreasing the activities of CYP3A, and CES1. Interindividual variability was observed for all tested drug metabolic enzymes (DMEs), except CYP3A.6. The inhibitory effect of plasma on CYP3A activity was concentration-dependent, with lower reaction activity observed at higher plasma concentrations.7. Notably, inhibition of CYP3A activity by undiluted plasma and 52 mg/mL HSA buffer was nearly complete. Although both HSA and pooled plasma inhibited in vitro CYP3A4 activity, their effects on kinetic parameters differed.8. These findings identify plasma as a potentially important endogenous modulator of apparent in vitro DME activities and underscore the need for further mechanistic investigation.
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5. Evodiamine alleviates CUMS-induced depressive-like behaviours associated with modulation of uptake-2 transporters.
PMID:日期:2026-09-151. Evodiamine has been reported to exert antidepressant-like activity, but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study investigated the antidepressant-like effects of evodiamine and explored its regulation of monoamine neurotransmitter reuptake through modulation of uptake-2 transporters. 2. A chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mouse model was used to evaluate depressive-like behaviours. Male C57BL/6J mice were subjected to CUMS and orally administered evodiamine, while tissue levels of serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (DA) in prefrontal cortex (PFC) were quantified. Monoamine uptake assays were performed in mouse brain synaptosomes and MDCK cells stably expressing human organic cation transporter 2 (hOCT2), hOCT3, or human plasma membrane monoamine transporter (hPMAT). 3. Evodiamine significantly ameliorated CUMS-induced depressive-like behaviours and restored 5-HT, NE, and DA levels in the PFC. In synaptosomes, evodiamine concentration-dependently inhibited monoamine uptake. Additional studies using selective uptake-1 inhibitors indicated that uptake-2 transporters contributed substantially to these effects. Furthermore, evodiamine potently inhibited OCT2-, OCT3-, and PMAT-mediated uptake of monoamine neurotransmitters, with the strongest inhibitory activity observed towards hOCT3-mediated transport. 4. These findings suggest that the antidepressant-like effects of evodiamine are associated with enhanced monoaminergic neurotransmission through inhibition of uptake-2 transporters, highlighting its potential as a novel therapeutic candidate for depression.
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6. {"_":" assessments for pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction potential of vornorexant, a novel dual orexin 1/2 receptor antagonist.","i":["In vitro"]}
PMID:日期:2026-09-14Vornorexant, a novel dual orexin 1/2 receptor antagonist with a short half-life, has been approved in Japan for the treatment of insomnia. We performed assessments to evaluate the drug-drug interaction (DDI) potential of vornorexant and its metabolite M3 mediated by CYP enzymes and transporters.Human CYP reaction phenotyping studies indicated that vornorexant and M3 are primarily metabolised by CYP3A4, and to a lesser extent by CYP3A5 and CYP2C8.Vornorexant exhibited weak reversible and time-dependent inhibition of CYP3A. Both vornorexant and M3 showed the potential to induce CYP2B6 and CYP3A4. However, these effects were not considered to have any impact on causing DDIs at these unbound systemic concentrations at the clinical doses of vornorexant.Vornorexant was a weak substrate for P-gp but not for BCRP, OATP1B1 or OATP1B3.Vornorexant and M3 exhibited weak or no inhibitory effects against P-gp, BCRP, OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OAT1, OAT3, OCT2, MATE1 and MATE2-K.These data suggest that while vornorexant might be an object drug of CYP3A precipitants, vornorexant is unlikely to cause clinically relevant DDIs mediated by either CYP enzymes or transporters involved in the metabolism and disposition of concomitantly administered drugs.
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7. Preclinical pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of the dual adenosine A2A/A2B inhibitor muvadenant (M1069) in rats.
7. 双重腺苷A2A/A2B抑制剂muvadenant（M1069）在大鼠体内的临床前药代动力学和组织分布PMID:日期:2026-09-06Muvadenant is a selective, dual A2A/A2B adenosine receptor antagonist that demonstrated anti-tumour efficacy in preclinical and models.In rats,C-muvadenant related radioactivity was quickly and widely distributed throughout the body with highest exposure observed in metabolic/excretory and melanin containing tissues and the gastrointestinal tract and lowest in the central nervous system.Following single oral administration, 6.27% of the radioactive dose was excreted via urine and 90.3% via faeces with a total recovery of 97.6%. After single intravenous dosing, the amounts of radioactivity excreted via urine and faeces were 13.7% and 80.2%, respectively, with a total recovery of 94.6% within 7 days.Whereas the parent compound accounted for the majority of the circulating radioactivity (>50%), metabolism plays the dominant role in the elimination of muvadenant.Metabolite structures derived from profiles in rats and incubations across species revealed extensive phase 1 metabolism of muvadenant with comparable metabolic pathways in human and preclinical species.
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8. Study on the regulatory effect of pomegranate peel polyphenols on rat metabolism and its mechanism mediated by gut microbiota.
8. 石榴皮多酚对大鼠代谢的调节作用及其肠道菌群介导机制研究PMID:日期:2026-08-31Purpose: Pomegranate peel polyphenols (PPPs) have recognised bioactive properties, but their metabolic interactions with gut microbiota are still uncertain. Materials and methods: This investigation aimed to shed light on the metabolic regulation by PPPs and the gut microbiota's role in this process in normal SD rats. Animals were administered PPPs (300 mg/kg·bw·d) for 28 days. Results: Results showed PPPs significantly reduced rat body weight, and optimised lipid profiles. PPPs modulated the gut microbial composition by enhancing the abundance of beneficial bacterial genera (e.g. , ) and stimulating the biosynthesis of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Serum metabolomics further revealed that PPPs altered key metabolic pathways, including glycine metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, and tryptophan metabolism. The correlation studies indicated that PPPs target specific gut bacterial genera (, , ) to regulate SCFAs production and key metabolic pathways, thereby optimising the metabolic status of rats. Conclusions: These findings provide a critical scientific basis for their potential application in preventing metabolic disorders.
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9. Oxycodone alleviates post-anaesthesia cognitive impairment in the elderly via miR-150-5p/H731 axis.
9. 羟考酮通过miR-150-5p/H731轴缓解老年人麻醉后认知功能障碍PMID:日期:2026-08-241. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a major issue in elderly surgical patients. Oxycodone (Oxy) reduced POCD risks versus other anaesthetics, but its mechanism is unknown. This study probes microRNA (miR)-150-5p's possible role.2. Preoperative and postoperative serum samples were obtained from elderly patients, categorised into the POCD and non-POCD groups after oxycodone anaesthesia. POCD mice and LPS-induced cell models were constructed, both treated with Oxy. miR-150-5p Levels were measured by RT-qPCR. ROC curve evaluated its diagnostic potential for POCD. Morris Water Maze tested spatial learning/memory in POCD mice. Flow cytometry assessed cell apoptosis.3. At baseline, miR-150-5p and Nuclear Antigen H731 (H731) levels were similar between groups; however, at 72 h post-op, the POCD group had lower miR-150-5p and higher H731. MiR-150-5p acted as a risk factor and effective biomarker for identifying elderly patients at high risk of POCD. Oxy alleviated hippocampal injury and cognitive deficits in aged POCD mice, which were reversed by miR-150-5p knockdown but restored by H731 depletion. miR-150-5p knockdown abolished Oxy-mediated protection against apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, whereas H731 silencing rescued such effects.4. miR-150-5p served as a diagnostic biomarker in elderly patients undergoing Oxy-under general anaesthesia.
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10. Inhibiting CYP2A5 enzyme in mice decreases circulating cotinine after nicotine administration and increases dopamine in the brain.
10. 在小鼠体内抑制CYP2A5酶可降低尼古丁给药后循环中的可替宁水平，并增加大脑中的多巴胺PMID:日期:2026-08-19Smoking is a public health concern, and smoking cessation methods such as nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) are often ineffective partly because they are not personalised. Smoking behaviour is related to polymorphisms of the nicotine-metabolizing enzyme P450 2A6. Accordingly, fast metabolizers are nicotine-dependent, smoke more cigarettes and have lower quitting rates compared to slow metabolizers. Thus, inhibiting the nicotine-metabolizing enzyme and prolonging the presence of nicotine in the blood could lead to enhanced NRT and/or fewer cigarettes smoked.In this study, we examined whether (GB), its main constituent quercetin, and 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) can inhibit nicotine metabolism in mice. We administered nicotine to mice in the presence or absence of the test articles and measured serum cotinine levels, brain dopamine levels and liver CYP2A5 activity.Our results indicate that 8-MOP can inhibit nicotine metabolism by 55% and increase dopamine in the brain. Chronic administration of GB and quercetin did not detectably inhibit nicotine metabolism, however, GB increased dopamine in the brain. Our results suggest that supplements or drugs that can inhibit nicotine metabolism sufficiently may help smokers reduce the number of cigarettes smoked by prolonging the presence of nicotine in the blood and dopamine in the brain.