AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION美国临床营养学杂志
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION(英文缩写 AM J CLIN NUTR),ISSN 0002-9165,eISSN 1938-3207,中文译名:美国临床营养学杂志 是一本学术期刊。本页汇总该期刊的最新影响因子、分区信息以及最新收录于 PubMed 的文献,帮助您快速了解期刊全貌。
发文量统计区间：2025-11-01 至 2026-10-31，按本站收录文献的发表日期统计。
期刊介绍
历年影响因子趋势
| JCR 数据年份 | 影响因子 | JCR 分区 |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 8.472 | Q1 |
| 2022 | 7.100 | Q1 |
| 2023 | 6.500 | Q1 |
| 2024 | 6.900 | Q1 |
| 2025 | 7.100 | Q1 |
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION 最新收录文献
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2. Pasture-Raised Red Meat Compared with Plant-Based Meat Alternatives Within Healthy Dietary Patterns: Effects on Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Status and Cardiometabolic Health in a Randomized Dietary Intervention.
PMID:日期:2026-10-01The health effects of moderate consumption of pasture-raised red meat within healthy dietary patterns remain uncertain. Determine whether inclusion of moderate amounts of pasture-raised red meat altered polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) status compared with a vegetarian dietary pattern incorporating plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs) and examine effects on cardiometabolic biomarkers and circulating lipidomic profiles METHODS: In a 10-week free-living randomized dietary intervention, healthy adults consumed either a flexitarian dietary pattern including moderate amounts of pasture-raised red meat (3.3 serves/week at week 10) or a vegetarian dietary pattern incorporating PBMAs. Plasma fatty acids, cardiometabolic biomarkers, and lipidomic profiles were assessed at baseline, 5 weeks, and 10 weeks. Longitudinal changes were analysed using linear mixed-effects models accounting for repeated measures and household clustering. Benjamini-Hochberg correction was applied to prespecified plasma fatty acid outcomes and lipidomic analyses RESULTS: Seventy-eight participants completed the intervention. Plasma omega-3 PUFA docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) exhibited a significant intervention × time interaction, reflecting a decline in the vegetarian group between baseline and week 5 compared with the flexitarian group (estimate = -6.47 μmol/L, 95% CI: -10.39 to -2.56 μmol/L; p = 0.001), followed by recovery between week 5 and week 10 (estimate = -4.15 μmol/L, 95% CI: -8.07 to -0.24 μmol/L; p = 0.038). Following Benjamini-Hochberg correction, DPA remained significant (FDR-adjusted p = 0.030). No intervention × time effects were observed for cardiometabolic biomarkers. Among 259 lipid species, PE-O 39:6 was the only species remaining significant after correction for multiple testing (interaction p = 7.9 × 10; FDR = 0.020), remaining stable in the flexitarian group but declining in the vegetarian group CONCLUSIONS: Inclusion of moderate amounts of pasture-raised red meat did not adversely affect cardiometabolic biomarkers and was associated with maintenance of plasma DPA concentrations compared to a vegetarian dietary pattern incorporating PBMAs. NCT04869163 https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04869163.
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3. Adherence Patterns in a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Client-Choice Pantry-Based Food is Medicine Program.
PMID:日期:2026-10-01Food is Medicine (FIM) interventions, including medically tailored groceries (MTG), are increasingly being investigated as an approach to improving chronic disease management in populations with lower income. To deliver on the potential benefits of FIM for ameliorating disparities in chronic disease outcomes, interventions need to be effective, pragmatic and desirable to patients. We sought to examine socio-economic and demographic correlates of enrollment, retention, adherence, and participation. Additionally, we assessed how the nutritional quality of food selected at a client choice food pantry varied across the duration of the study and by study arm. We implemented a 3-arm pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) including 3 groups: usual pantry services, MTG only, and MTG + food resource coaching. Chi-squared tests, t-tests and ANOVA were used to compare participants versus eligible non-participants, completers versus those who did not, and among participants across study arms. Differences in the nutritional quality of foods selected between each study group were assessed using multiple variable regression models. Among 586 individuals screened, 330 completed the screener and met eligibility criteria; 210 (64% of eligible participants) enrolled. Individuals meeting inclusion criteria whose preferred language was Spanish were more likely to enroll in the study (60% of Spanish speakers enrolled versus 44% of English speakers, p=0.004). Among 210 participants, there were no statistically significant differences in characteristics between completers (81.4%) versus non-completers (18.6%). Over 4 months, food selections for all groups became more nutritious. This FIM intervention achieved a high level of enrollment, retention, adherence, and participation among safety-net healthcare system patients that typically experience a high burden of chronic disease and poorer chronic disease outcomes. The randomized controlled trial from which the cost estimates are reported is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, ID number NCT06242808: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06242808. Registration date: 02/05/2024.
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4. Development and Validation of a Sociocultural Influences on Diet Questionnaire (SCID-Q).
4. 饮食社会文化影响因素问卷（SCID-Q）的编制与验证PMID:日期:2026-09-29Sociocultural factors that influence diet, eating behaviors and obesity, = cannot currently be quantified due to the lack of validated instruments. To create a validated instrument that identifies and quantifies key dimensions of sociocultural influences on diet and eating behaviors. The Sociocultural Influences on Diet-Questionnaire (SCID-Q) was developed from 22 questions imbedding 124 potential items implemented in 1,632 United States (U.S.) adults recruited online in 2021, with 1497 retained for use after a comprehensive data cleaning process. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) (n=749) was used to identify the items/factors that best distinguished different sociocultural influences on diet, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) (n=748) was used to further validate the goodness-of-fit of the model suggested through EFA. Test-retest reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) based on a two-way mixed-effects model with absolute agreement for single measurements on a subset of 324 respondents. EFA identified a 6-factor, 25-item solution as the strongest framework, explaining 54.1% of variance in the observed variables. CFA confirmed this framework (X= 566.67 (307); Comparative Fit Index= 0.95; Root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)= 0.05; and standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR= 0.06). The six factors are: 1) Food Heritage, 2) Regional Foods, 3) Social Pressure, 4) Comparative Variety, 5) Cultural Identity, and 6) Dietary Beliefs, and with good to excellent test-retest reliability for each factor with ICC ranging from 0.79-0.92. Preliminary simple regressions found that four of the six factors (Social Pressure; Comparative Variety; Cultural Identity; Dietary Beliefs) were statistically significant predictors of body mass index (BMI). SCID-Q is the first instrument to enable systematic and scalable assessment of discrete sociocultural factors associated with diet and weight management, and can be used to understand how different sociocultural factors influence diet, eating behaviors, and obesity. Additional research can support ongoing development of SCID-Q.
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5. Effects of a self-selected vegetarian vs. omnivorous diet on protein intake and muscle mass in older adults during resistance exercise: the IMPACT randomized controlled trial.
5. 自选素食与杂食饮食对老年人在抗阻运动期间蛋白质摄入量和肌肉量的影响：IMPACT随机对照试验PMID:日期:2026-09-22A predominantly plant-based diet may reduce the risk of non-communicable diseases and benefit sustainability, but may also result in lower protein intake. This study investigated the effects of a lacto-ovo vegetarian vs an omnivorous diet, both combined with resistance exercise training, on protein intake and appendicular muscle mass in adults aged 55 years and older. In this randomized non-inferiority trial, 108 adults (66 [62-69] years; 58% female; BMI: 25.7 kg/m) received dietary counseling for either a lacto-ovo vegetarian or an omnivorous diet. Participants in both groups completed a 12-week resistance training program (3 sessions/week) while self-selecting foods to achieve a protein intake of ≥1.2 g/kg/d, targeted at either ≥60% plant-based protein (vegetarian diet) or ≥60% animal-based protein (omnivorous diet). Primary outcomes were protein intake (3-day food record) and appendicular muscle mass (DXA), with non-inferiority margins of 0.12 g/kg/d and 0.25 kg, respectively. Secondary outcomes included leg press strength, chair stand test, and handgrip strength. Non-inferiority of the vegetarian diet was not established for protein intake (-0.33 g/kg/d; 95% CI -0.49, -0.17) and appendicular muscle mass (-0.33 kg; 95% CI -0.69, 0.03). Both groups met their protein intake and plant:animal protein ratio targets: 1.24 (1.14, 1.35) g/kg/d and 76% plant-based protein in the vegetarian group, and 1.58 (1.48, 1.69) g/kg/d and 67% animal-based protein in the omnivorous group. Appendicular muscle mass significantly increased in both the vegetarian [+0.38 (0.12, 0.64) kg, p=0.004] and the omnivorous group [+0.66 (0.40, 0.93) kg, p<0.001]. Leg press strength and chair stand test significantly improved in both groups, with no between-group differences. Protein intake was lower in the vegetarian group and non-inferiority for appendicular muscle mass was not demonstrated. Yet, both groups achieved a protein intake of ≥1.2 g/kg/d and improved muscle mass, strength, and function during resistance training. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06172725 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06172725).
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6. From mouth to colon: a framework for engineering food matrices to engage the satiety cascade and endogenous GLP-1 signalling.
6. 从口腔到结肠：一个用于设计食品基质以参与饱腹级联反应和内源性GLP-1信号传导的框架PMID:日期:2026-09-22Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have produced the largest pharmacological reductions in body weight yet achieved. Their success is most usefully read not as a new target but as validation of an endogenous physiology the gut already possesses - the satiety and gastric-emptying actions of endogenous GLP-1 described decades ago - and of appetite regulation as a tractable target. Yet food engages this physiology weakly and inconsistently. This Perspective argues that satiety is not a single signal but a spatially and temporally distributed cascade - oro-sensory at the mouth, volumetric at the stomach, nutrient chemosensing at the duodenum, direct enteroendocrine sensing at the ileum, and fermentative signalling in the colon - and that food matrix structure is the common variable governing engagement at each station. Food processing acts on this architecture: a softened matrix shortens oral exposure and speeds gastric emptying, while raised digestibility diverts substrate from the distal small intestine and colon. Recent human work shows that a single structural lever - intact plant cells that carry starch past proximal digestion - can raise endogenous GLP-1 and PYY. This is read here not as a solution but as proof of principle for a larger, largely unattempted programme: designing multi-component matrices that engage several stations rather than one. Treating structural digestibility as a measurable variable, the analysis draws on in vivo evidence linking matrix architecture to ileal escape, transit, colonic fermentation and intake, while making explicit where that evidence is strong and where - particularly for colonic signalling in humans - it remains unproven. It sets out what must be established for multi-site, food-based appetite engineering to become testable and, ultimately, clinically useful.
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7. Trends in the Quality and Processing of Plant-Based Diets in U.S. Youth: A Serial Cross-Sectional Analysis of NHANES, 1999-2020.
7. 美国青少年植物性饮食质量与加工趋势：1999-2020年NHANES系列横断面分析PMID:日期:2026-09-22Although U.S. youth generally underconsume healthy and overconsume unhealthy plant-based foods, national patterns of plant-based diet quality and relationships with ultra-processed food (UPF) intake are not well established. The aim of this study was to examine temporal trends in plant-based diet quality among U.S. youth, associations with UPF intake, and differences across sociodemographic groups. We conducted a serial cross-sectional analysis of 24-hour dietary recalls from 32,456 participants 2-19 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 1999-2000 through 2017-2020. Plant-based diet quality was evaluated using the overall (oPDI), healthy (hPDI), and unhealthy (uPDI) Plant-Based Diet Indices. UPF intake was estimated as the percentage of total energy from Nova 4 foods. Survey-weighted regression analyses assessed temporal trends, relationships between PDIs and UPF, and differences by sociodemographic groups. Overall plant-based dietary intake increased over time (46.3 to 48.0 points), accompanied by increases in healthy plant-based dietary intake (46.7 to 49.4 points) and decreases in unhealthy plant-based dietary intake (51.8 to 47.8 points) (all p-trend <0.001). Improvements were not uniform across sociodemographic groups. Overall plant-based dietary intake was higher among youth from households with higher-income, education, and food security. Healthy plant-based dietary intake was highest among females and youth from households with higher income, education, and food security. Conversely, non-Hispanic Black youth had lower healthy and higher unhealthy plant-based dietary intake, with unhealthy intake also higher among older youth and males. Healthy plant-based dietary intake was associated with lower UPF intake and unhealthy intake with higher UPF intake, with both associations strengthening over time. Plant-based diet quality scores modestly improved among youth, but sociodemographic differences persisted. Healthy and unhealthy plant-based dietary patterns were strongly associated with UPF intake, underscoring the importance of considering diet quality, food processing, and structural determinants of diets and health.
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8. Declines in Plasma Erythritol and Improvements in Cardiovascular Risk and Atherogenic Lipid Profiles: A 2-Year Randomized Weight-Loss Dietary Intervention Trial.
8. 血浆赤藓糖醇下降与心血管风险和致动脉粥样硬化血脂谱改善：一项为期2年的随机减重饮食干预试验PMID:日期:2026-09-18High circulating levels of sugar alcohols (polyols) have recently been linked to increased risks of cardiovascular events. We investigated whether temporal changes in plasma levels of erythritol and other isomeric polyols (arabitol/xylitol and mannitol/sorbitol) in response to weight-loss dietary interventions were associated with improvements in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk estimates and atherogenic lipid profiles among adults with overweight or obesity. We performed an observational analysis using data from adults with overweight or obesity who participated in the 2-year POUNDS Lost trial. Plasma erythritol, arabitol/xylitol, and mannitol/sorbitol were measured at baseline (n = 802, 805, and 803, respectively) and at 6 months. Temporal changes were calculated among participants with measurements at both time points (n = 664, 669, and 668, respectively). The primary outcome was the 10-year ASCVD risk estimated using the validated pooled cohort equations. Two-year changes in cholesterol in lipoprotein subfractions with or without apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) were analyzed as secondary outcomes. Higher baseline levels of erythritol (β per 1 SD 1.1% [SE 0.2%]), arabitol/xylitol (β 1.3% [0.2%]), and mannitol/sorbitol (β 1.1% [0.2%]) were associated with higher ASCVD risk estimates (p <0.001 for all). Greater decreases in erythritol, but not the other polyols, were significantly associated with reductions of ASCVD risk estimates at 6 months (β -0.16% [0.07%] per 1 SD reduction; p = 0.023). Initial (6-month) declines in plasma erythritol were associated with long-term (2-year) improvements in ASCVD risk (β -0.26% [0.11%]; p= 0.016) and reductions in cholesterol in VLDL+LDL containing apo-CIII. Declines in plasma erythritol levels in response to weight-loss dietary interventions were associated with improvements in ASCVD risk estimates and atherogenic lipid subtypes containing apoC-III. These findings highlight the potential role of changes in plasma erythritol levels in relation to improvements in cardiometabolic risk among adults with overweight or obesity. NCT00072995, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00072995.
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9. Bidirectional longitudinal associations between adiposity and emotional and uncontrolled eating in an observational UK population-based cohort.
9. 英国一项基于人群的观察性队列中，肥胖与情绪性进食及失控性进食之间的双向纵向关联PMID:日期:2026-09-17Eating behaviour traits (EBTs), including uncontrolled eating (UE) and emotional eating (EE), are associated with higher body weight and adiposity. However, evidence on temporal and bidirectional relationships between EBTs and adiposity in adults is limited. This study aimed to examine longitudinal, bidirectional associations between EBTs and adiposity in a large population-based cohort of middle-aged adults. Data were from Phase 1 (2005-2015) and 2 (2014-2020) from the Fenland cohort, a prospective study of adults living in Cambridgeshire, UK, born between 1950 and 1975. UE and EE were analysed in relation to objectively measured BMI and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry-derived %BF . Bidirectional associations between baseline EBTs and changes in adiposity, and between baseline adiposity and changes in EBTs, were examined using bivariate latent change score models. Analyses were stratified by sex and adjusted for age, education, and household income. In both females and males, higher BMI at phase 1 was associated with greater increases in UE (e.g. females: γ1 = 0.13; 95% CI = 0.006, 0.25; p = 0.04) and EE (e.g. females: γ1 = 0.54; 95% CI = 0.34, 0.74; p <0.0001) from phase 1 to phase 2, while baseline UE and EE were not associated with subsequent changes in BMI. Similar patterns were observed for %BF, with higher baseline adiposity associated with increases in UE and EE over time, but not vice versa. Sensitivity analyses generally supported the primary findings, although associations between adiposity and subsequent uncontrolled eating in females were attenuated and no longer statistically significant. Findings challenge assumptions that UE and EE are drivers of adult weight gain and instead suggest that higher adiposity may contribute to the development or escalation of dysregulated eating behaviours. Interventions may benefit from addressing the behavioural and psychological consequences of higher body weight alongside traditional weight-focused strategies.
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10. Peanuts-derived plasma lipids and lower risk of type 2 diabetes: association mediated by body mass index-an intervention and case-cohort study.
10. 花生衍生血浆脂质与降低2型糖尿病风险：由体重指数介导的关联——一项干预与病例队列研究PMID:日期:2026-09-17Cardiometabolic risk can be modified by dietary factors, including fat quality. Peanuts have a distinctive fatty acid (FA) composition rich in very long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLCSFA), with potentially favorable effects on cardiometabolic health. This study aimed to characterize the effects of peanut consumption on the circulating lipidome and examine associations of the resulting changes with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We integrated data from the clinical trial ARISTOTLE and the prospective, population-based European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort. ARISTOTLE randomly assigned 63 healthy young adults to 25 g/d skin-roasted peanuts, 32 g/d peanut butter, or 32 g/d control butter with peanut oil for 6 mo. EPIC-Potsdam included case-cohort samples for T2D (774 cases) and CVD (545 cases). Plasma lipids were measured preintervention and postintervention in ARISTOTLE and at baseline in EPIC-Potsdam. Linear mixed models identified within-class FA sums responsive to peanut fat-pooling all participants-in ARISTOTLE, which were combined to derive a peanut lipidomic signature (PeLS) in EPIC-Potsdam. Multivariable Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for PeLS and individual lipids with incident T2D and CVD. Hypothesis-generating mediation by body mass index (BMI) was assessed. The ARISTOTLE intervention modified 51 within-class FA sums, predominantly VLCSFA-containing lipids, particularly sphingolipids. The resulting PeLS was modestly associated with lower risk of T2D [HR: 0.89 per 1-standard deviation (SD) increase in PeLS; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.80, 0.99], but not CVD (HR: 1.01 per 1-SD increase in PeLS; 95% CI: 0.90, 1.15), in EPIC-Potsdam, with BMI identified as a potential mediator of this association (proportion explainable of 89%, 95% CI: 57%, 100%). Peanut consumption induces changes in the circulating lipidome, largely involving VLCSFA-containing lipids, which are associated with lower T2D risk partly through BMI. These results highlight peanuts as a source of dietary fats that may be linked to lower risk of T2D. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04324749.