ASO实践指南系列：可切除结直肠癌

摘要(中文译文)

结直肠癌仍然是全球癌症发病和死亡的主要原因之一。尽管在生物学上具有相似性，结肠癌与直肠癌仍需采取不同的管理策略。分子特征分析（包括错配修复状态）的快速进展，以及新辅助治疗和器官保留策略的范式转变，拓宽了治疗方法的范围，同时增加了对清晰、以指南为依据的决策的需求。本篇实践指南系列文章总结了主要国际指南（美国国家综合癌症网络（NCCN）、欧洲肿瘤内科学会（ESMO）和日本大肠癌研究会（JSCCR））的当代指导意见，重点阐述了近期演变和持续存在争议的领域。

Abstract

Colorectal cancer remains a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite biologic similarities, colon and rectal cancers require distinct management strategies. Rapid advances molecular characterization (including mismatch repair status) as well as paradigm shifts in neoadjuvant therapy and organ-preservation strategies have expanded the range of treatment approaches while increasing the need for clear, guideline-anchored decision-making. This Practice Guidelines Series article summarizes contemporary guidance from major international guidelines (National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), and Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum (JSCCR)), highlighting areas of recent evolution and ongoing debate.

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