基于内生木霉菌的新型生物制剂在高粱叶斑病和茎腐病生物防治中的实验室评估
Laboratory assessment of novel endophytic Trichoderma-based bioformulations for the biological control of sorghum leaf spot and stalk rot diseases.
摘要(中文译文)
茎腐病和叶斑病分别由轮枝镰刀菌（Fusarium verticillioides）和弯孢菌（Curvularia lunata）引起，是高粱最具破坏性的种传真菌病害之一，造成严重产量损失。本研究从健康高粱种子中分离获得两株新型内生菌株——棘孢木霉（Trichoderma asperellum）SEPA11A和哈茨木霉（Trichoderma harzianum）SEPA11B，并评估其生物防治潜力和促生效果。在筛选的39株木霉分离物中，分离物35和3在双重培养试验中表现出最强的拮抗活性，分别抑制轮枝镰刀菌菌丝生长68.88%和66.67%，抑制弯孢菌57.77%和59.30%。两株菌基于形态特征和内部转录间隔区（ITS）rDNA测序进行鉴定，已保藏于GenBank，登录号分别为LC866760.1和LC866759.1，分别编码为SEPA11B和SEPA11A。培养滤液的气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析揭示了55种生物活性代谢物，扫描电子显微镜显示病原菌菌丝受到严重的超微结构损伤。SEPA11B和SEPA11A的颗粒制剂在贮藏条件下可保持高活力长达14个月。上述结果共同表明，SEPA11B和SEPA11A是替代化学杀菌剂用于茎腐病和叶斑病综合治理的有前景、可持续且经济的替代品，并具有促进高粱生长和生产力的潜在附加效益。这一独特特性使种子来源的内生木霉分离物有望用于开发高效、持久的生物杀菌剂。它们适应种子-土壤界面，能够定殖根际、竞争排斥病原菌并在田间条件下保持活性。因此，它们是可持续生物杀菌剂的有力候选者，尚待温室/田间验证和大规模生产优化。
Abstract
Stalk rot and leaf spot, caused by Fusarium verticillioides and Curvularia lunata, respectively, are among the most destructive seed-borne fungal diseases of sorghum, resulting in substantial yield losses. In the present study, two novel endophytic strains, Trichoderma asperellum SEPA11A and Trichoderma harzianum SEPA11B, were isolated from healthy sorghum seeds and evaluated for their biocontrol potential and growth-promoting effects. Out of 39 Trichoderma isolates screened, the isolates 35 and 3 exhibited the highest antagonistic activity in dual culture assays, inhibiting the mycelial growth of F. verticillioides by 68.88% and 66.67%, and C. lunata by 57.77% and 59.30%, respectively. Both strains were identified based on morphological characteristics and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA sequencing and have been deposited in GenBank under accession numbers LC866760.1 and LC866759.1, and coded as SEPA11B and SEPA11A respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of culture filtrates revealed 55 bioactive metabolites, while scanning electron microscopy demonstrated severe ultrastructural damage to pathogen hyphae. A granular formulation of SEPA11B and SEPA11A maintained high viability for up to 14 months under storage. These results collectively indicate that SEPA11B and SEPA11A represent promising, sustainable, and cost-effective alternatives to chemical fungicides for integrated management of stalk rot and leaf spot diseases, with the added as a potential benefit of enhancing sorghum growth and productivity. This unique trait makes seed-derived endophytic Trichoderma isolates promising for effective, persistent biofungicide development. Adapted to the seed-soil interface, they can colonize the rhizosphere, outcompete pathogens, and remain active under field conditions. Thus, they are strong candidates for sustainable biofungicides, pending greenhouse/field validation and large-scale production optimization.
如何引用
AMA
Sara Mahmoud Arafa, Khalid Mohamed Ghoneem, Allam Arafat Megahed, Yasser Mohamed Shabana. Laboratory assessment of novel endophytic Trichoderma-based bioformulations for the biological control of sorghum leaf spot and stalk rot diseases.. Scientific reports. 2026; doi:10.1038/s41598-026-54927-w.
APA
Sara Mahmoud Arafa, Khalid Mohamed Ghoneem, Allam Arafat Megahed, Yasser Mohamed Shabana (2026). Laboratory assessment of novel endophytic Trichoderma-based bioformulations for the biological control of sorghum leaf spot and stalk rot diseases.. Scientific reports. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-54927-w
GB/T 7714
Sara Mahmoud Arafa, Khalid Mohamed Ghoneem, Allam Arafat Megahed, Yasser Mohamed Shabana. Laboratory assessment of novel endophytic Trichoderma-based bioformulations for the biological control of sorghum leaf spot and stalk rot diseases.[J]. Scientific reports, 2026 doi:10.1038/s41598-026-54927-w.
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