将资助型干预措施制度化：一项多案例研究，考察对科学、技术、工程、数学和医学（STEMM）领域的长期投资

摘要(中文译文)

尽管资助机构投入了大量资金并鼓励项目采纳，但关于高等教育中拨款资助项目制度化的过程却知之甚少。本多案例研究考察了一项生物医学培训资助的受资助者如何致力于实现项目活动的制度化。案例包括美国10所不同类型的中学后教育机构（368名研究参与者），这些机构负责实施一项联邦资助项目，旨在采取全面、多层次的方法来吸引和留住不同背景的学生参与生物医学研究。运用先前关于高等教育制度化的理论框架，我们考察了嵌入型校园行动者如何诉诸制度化的两个决定因素：兼容性和互惠性。我们将制度资源确定为另一个决定因素。兼容性通常在资助提案阶段最早被寻求，而行动者通常在实施的后期阶段诉诸互惠性。制度资源在资助的所有阶段都会被寻求。在每个决定因素中，我们描述了嵌入型行动者用以促进拨款资助项目长期制度化所使用的策略和工具。我们还描述了各站点在努力获得兼容性、互惠性和资源过程中面临的共同挑战。旨在实现制度化的中学后科学培训倡议的领导者可以利用多种策略来增强兼容性、互惠共享利益和承诺资源，以继续、嵌入和/或扩展最初的倡议。在线版本包含补充材料，可在10.1186/s40594-026-00620-3获取。

Abstract

Although funding agencies make large investments and encourage program adoption, little is known about the process of institutionalizing grant-funded efforts in higher education. This multiple case study examined how grant-funded awardees of a biomedical training grant worked toward institutionalizing program activities. Cases included 10 diverse postsecondary institutions (368 study participants) across the United States charged with implementing a federal grant aimed at comprehensive and multi-level approaches to engage and retain students from diverse backgrounds in biomedical research. Employing prior frameworks on institutionalization in higher education, we examined how embedded campus agents appealed to two determinants of institutionalization: compatibility and mutualism. We identified institutional resources as an additional determinant. Compatibility is most commonly sought after as early as the grant proposal stage, while agents typically appealed to mutualism in the later stage of implementation. Institutional resources are sought throughout all stages of the grant. Within each determinant, we describe strategies and tools that embedded agents use to facilitate long-term institutionalization of grant-funded efforts. We also describe common challenges sites faced as they worked to obtain compatibility, mutualism, and resources. Leaders of postsecondary science training initiatives who aim to institutionalize efforts can utilize a variety of strategies to enhance compatibility, mutually shared benefits, and committed resources to continue, embed, and/or scale the original initiative. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40594-026-00620-3.

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