植物胁迫适应中的分子开关：诱导型启动子的功能与工程改造

摘要(中文译文)

启动子含有多个调控元件，对植物基因表达至关重要。组成型启动子虽广泛应用于抗逆工程，但其持续强表达会导致代谢浪费并阻碍生长。相比之下，诱导型启动子能够实现精确的、阶段特异性的基因激活，提供灵活的调控。因此，诱导型启动子的开发与应用已成为植物基因工程研究的重点。本文综述了植物胁迫诱导型启动子的最新进展，包括其结构、功能、分类、相关功能元件及相互作用的转录因子。此外，我们讨论了未来的研究方向和应用前景，旨在加深对植物基因表达调控的理解，并为基因工程和耐逆作物改良提供有价值的启动子资源。

Abstract

Promoters, containing multiple -regulatory elements, are crucial for plant gene expression. While constitutive promoters are widely used in stress-resistance engineering, their sustained strong expression can lead to metabolic waste and hinder growth. In contrast, inducible promoters enable precise, stage-specific gene activation, offering flexible regulation. Consequently, the development and application of inducible promoters have become a major focus in plant genetic engineering research. This paper reviews recent advances in plant stress-inducible promoters, including their structure, function, classification, associated functional elements, and interacting transcription factors. Furthermore, we discuss future research directions and application prospects, aiming to deepen the understanding of plant gene expression regulation and provide valuable promoter resources for genetic engineering and stress-tolerant crop improvement.

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