1990-2021年亚洲女性生殖系统肿瘤和非肿瘤疾病的负担及风险因素模式：来自GBD研究的证据
Burden and Risk Factor Patterns of Reproductive System Tumors and Non-Tumor Diseases Among Asian Women, 1990-2021: Evidence from the GBD Study.
摘要(中文译文)
女性生殖系统疾病，包括乳腺癌、卵巢癌和子宫癌等恶性肿瘤，以及子宫肌瘤、子宫内膜异位症、多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）、不孕症和经前期综合征（PMS）等非肿瘤性疾病，是亚洲面临的重大健康挑战。尽管恶性肿瘤因高死亡率而受到广泛关注，但影响生育能力、心理健康和生活质量的非恶性疾病的长期负担仍被低估。研究利用2021年全球疾病负担（GBD）数据，量化了1990年至2021年47个亚洲国家和地区女性生殖系统疾病的负担。分析了发病率、患病率、死亡率和伤残调整生命年（DALYs），以及年龄标化率。采用估计年度百分比变化（EAPC）评估时间趋势，并考察了不同社会人口指数（SDI）水平下的疾病负担模式。描述了主要可改变风险因素与疾病负担之间的关联。2021年，女性生殖系统疾病在亚洲造成超过3300万DALYs和约60万例死亡。乳腺癌和宫颈癌是死亡和DALYs的主要贡献者，而PMS和不孕症在年轻女性中造成了相当大的负担。1990年至2021年间，随着人口增长和老龄化，绝对病例数和死亡人数增加，而大多数年龄标化率下降，尤其是宫颈癌。相比之下，PCOS和不孕症的增长最快。高体重指数和空腹血糖升高与乳腺癌和子宫癌负担密切相关，而吸烟与宫颈癌负担密切关联。女性生殖系统疾病在亚洲造成了巨大且异质性的负担。尽管恶性肿瘤仍是死亡和DALYs的主要贡献者，但非恶性疾病日益影响生殖健康，尤其是在年轻女性中。需要针对SDI水平和主要风险因素制定预防策略，以减轻该地区的总体疾病负担。
Abstract
Female reproductive system diseases, including malignant tumors such as breast, ovarian, and uterine cancers, and non-neoplastic disorders such as uterine fibroids, endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), infertility, and premenstrual syndrome (PMS), represent major health challenges in Asia. While malignant diseases receive considerable attention due to high mortality, the long-term burden of non-malignant conditions affecting fertility, psychological well-being, and quality of life remains underestimated. Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 were used to quantify the burden of female reproductive system diseases in 47 Asian countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. Incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were analyzed, together with age-standardized rates. Temporal trends were assessed using estimated annual percentage change (EAPC), and disease burden patterns were examined across Socio-demographic Index (SDI) levels. Associations between major modifiable risk factors and disease burden were described. In 2021, female reproductive system diseases accounted for over 33 million DALYs and approximately 600,000 deaths in Asia. Breast and cervical cancers were the leading contributors to mortality and DALYs, whereas PMS and infertility accounted for a substantial burden among younger women. From 1990 to 2021, absolute case numbers and deaths increased with population growth and aging, while most age-standardized rates declined, particularly for cervical cancer. In contrast, PCOS and infertility showed the fastest increases. High body mass index and elevated fasting glucose were strongly associated with breast and uterine cancer burden, while smoking was closely associated with cervical cancer burden. Female reproductive system diseases impose a substantial and heterogeneous burden across Asia. Although malignant cancers remain the main contributors to mortality and DALYs, non-malignant disorders increasingly affect reproductive health, particularly among younger women. Prevention strategies tailored to SDI levels and major risk factors are needed to reduce the overall disease burden across the region.
如何引用
AMA
Xinyi Xiong, Yuming Yao, Guang Yang, Chiayen Lin. Burden and Risk Factor Patterns of Reproductive System Tumors and Non-Tumor Diseases Among Asian Women, 1990-2021: Evidence from the GBD Study.. International journal of women's health. 2026; doi:10.2147/IJWH.S572535.
APA
Xinyi Xiong, Yuming Yao, Guang Yang, Chiayen Lin (2026). Burden and Risk Factor Patterns of Reproductive System Tumors and Non-Tumor Diseases Among Asian Women, 1990-2021: Evidence from the GBD Study.. International journal of women's health. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S572535
GB/T 7714
Xinyi Xiong, Yuming Yao, Guang Yang, Chiayen Lin. Burden and Risk Factor Patterns of Reproductive System Tumors and Non-Tumor Diseases Among Asian Women, 1990-2021: Evidence from the GBD Study.[J]. International journal of women's health, 2026 doi:10.2147/IJWH.S572535.
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