青少年原发性痛经的长期管理和预防策略：从精确诊断到综合干预

摘要(中文译文)

青少年原发性痛经（PD）是青少年女性最常见的妇科问题之一，其长期管理和预防对于提高生活质量、预防继发性并发症和保障未来生殖健康至关重要。本叙述性综述探讨了青少年PD的病理生理机制、鉴别诊断要点、长期药物与非药物管理策略、生活方式干预、心理社会支持以及循证预防框架。它特别强调在长期管理中准确区分可类似原发性痛经的罕见器质性病变（如梗阻性半阴道和同侧肾异常（OHVIRA）综合征）的重要性，以避免误诊和延误治疗。本叙述性综述综合了当前关于青少年原发性痛经的证据。其主要目标是为临床医生提供一个整合药物、非药物、生活方式和心理社会干预的全面、分阶段且个体化的长期管理框架，同时强调准确鉴别诊断和通过健康教育赋能患者的重要性。本综述评估的关键结局指标包括疼痛严重程度、疼痛持续时间、生活质量、缺课情况、药物使用和不良反应。

Abstract

Adolescent primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is one of the most prevalent gynecological issues in adolescent females, and its long-term management and prevention are crucial for improving quality of life, preventing secondary complications, and safeguarding future reproductive health. This narrative review examines the pathophysiological mechanisms, key points of differential diagnosis, long-term pharmacological and non-pharmacological management strategies, lifestyle interventions, psychosocial support, and evidence-based prevention frameworks for adolescent PD. It particularly emphasizes the importance of accurately distinguishing rare organic conditions, such as Obstructed Hemivagina and Ipsilateral Renal Anomaly (OHVIRA) syndrome, which can mimic primary dysmenorrhea, during long-term management to avoid misdiagnosis and delayed treatment. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on adolescent primary dysmenorrhea. Its primary objective is to provide clinicians with a comprehensive, staged, and individualized long-term management framework that integrates pharmacological, non-pharmacological, lifestyle, and psychosocial interventions, while emphasizing the importance of accurate differential diagnosis and patient empowerment through health education. Key outcome measures assessed in this review include pain severity, pain duration, quality of life, school absenteeism, medication use, and adverse effects.

如何引用

International journal of women's health 的其他文献

• 单侧生殖道梗阻伴同侧肾异常综合征的外科治疗和预后：一项回顾性研究
• 卵泡刺激素及其在绝经后女性冠状动脉粥样硬化中的新兴作用：综合综述