第二受害者现象对医护人员的影响：范围综述

摘要(中文译文)

※ 中文译文由 AI 辅助生成,仅供学术参考,请以英文原文为准。

患者安全是医疗服务和所提供护理质量的关键支柱。尽管持续努力，安全事件仍然发生，其受害者不仅限于患者。涉事的医疗专业人员被视为第二受害者，值得在工作者安全领域开展研究。旨在描绘在医疗服务中经历患者安全事件所导致的“第二受害者”现象的医疗专业人员所承受的影响。采用JBI和PRISMA-ScR方法学指导的范围综述。进行了初步检索，未发现具有相同目标的现有记录或发表文献。研究方案注册于开放科学基金会平台。检索策略遵循三个推荐步骤。检索的数据库包括MEDLINE、SCOPUS、CINAHL、WOS、LILACS，灰色文献方面检索了巴西学位论文数字图书馆和ProQuest。对语言、年份或方法学无限制；采用PCC助记符作为纳入标准：人群——医疗专业人员；概念——与患者安全事件相关的第二受害者现象；情境——医疗服务。不符合目标和PCC标准的研究被排除。文献筛选和数据提取由独立研究者匿名进行。在检索到的2，129条记录中，37篇文献构成最终样本。这些文献发表于2009年至2024年间，涉及五大洲22个国家。欧洲的文献最多（n=12），定性研究最为常见（n=14）；医院环境被最频繁提及（n=25），护理人员是研究最多的群体（n=27）。最常引用的健康描述词为“第二受害者”（n=17）和“不良事件”（n=14）。在所选研究中，13项使用了测量工具来识别该现象。共描绘了39种影响，基于研究假设从工作者健康的角度按身体、心理、职业和社会维度进行分类。职业维度呈现的影响数量最多。心理维度识别出自杀意念或行为是对身体完整性的风险。这些影响表明第二受害者现象与工作者健康和安全之间存在密切关系，对涉事专业人员的职业和个人生活均产生影响。

Abstract

Patient safety is a key pillar of healthcare services and the quality of care provided. Despite ongoing efforts, safety incidents still occur, resulting in victims beyond the patient. The healthcare professionals involved are considered second victims, warranting studies in the field of worker safety. To map the repercussions experienced by healthcare professionals who have experienced the "second victim" phenomenon resulting from patient safety incidents in healthcare services. A scoping review guided by the JBI and PRISMA-ScR methodologies. A preliminary search was conducted, finding no evidence of existing records or publications with the same objective. The protocol was registered on the Open Science Foundation platform. The search strategy followed the three recommended steps. The databases consulted were MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CINAHL, WOS, LILACS, and, for gray literature, the Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations and ProQuest. There were no restrictions on language, year, or methodology; the PCC mnemonic was used as an eligibility criterion: population-healthcare professionals; concept-second victim phenomenon related to patient safety incidents; context-healthcare services. Studies that did not meet the objective and PCC criteria were excluded. The selection and data extraction were performed by independent researchers and conducted anonymously. Of the 2,129 records retrieved, 37 publications comprised the final sample. The publications were collected between 2009 and 2024 and were identified in 22 countries across five continents. There was a predominance of publications from Europe (n = 12), with qualitative studies being the most common (n = 14); the hospital setting was the most frequently cited (n = 25), and nursing was the most studied population (n = 27). The most frequently cited health descriptors were "second victims" (n = 17) and "adverse events" (n = 14). Of the selected studies, 13 used measurement instruments to identify the phenomenon. Thirty-nine repercussions were mapped, categorized from the perspective of worker health in physical, mental, professional and social dimensions based on the study's assumptions. The professional dimension presented the highest number of repercussions. The mental dimension identified suicidal thoughts or behavio as a risk to physical integrity. The repercussions indicate a strong relationship between the second victim phenomenon and worker health and safety, impacting the professional and personal lives of the professionals involved.

如何引用