基于数字甲状腺体模的光声探头优化设计的计算机模拟研究

摘要(中文译文)

※ 中文译文由 AI 辅助生成,仅供学术参考,请以英文原文为准。

甲状腺结节的发病率较高，但恶性率较低，这对影像学的特异性提出了要求。光声成像正在被研究作为一种可能有助于提高超声目前作为一线影像方法不令人满意的特异性的方法，这会减少不必要的临床干预数量。我们采用数字甲状腺体模和数值模拟来评估光声探头设计在甲状腺结节风险评估中的适用性。使用SIMPA工具包，我们检查了1080种探头配置，这些配置在照明几何形状、探测器形状、间距和波长组合方面各不相同。每种探头的性能通过其灵敏度和氧饱和度估计的准确性进行量化。使用757和800 nm波长以及曲面探测器（0.5分裂，0.40 mm间距）进行外部照明时，发现了最佳性能。然而，使用700和800 nm波长以及曲面探测器（0.25分裂，0.40 mm间距）进行气管内照明时，性能显著提高。这些结果可为优化光声硬件提供设计指导，有助于PAI的临床采用，从而可能改善甲状腺结节的诊断。

Abstract

Thyroid nodules have a high incidence, but a low malignancy rate, placing demands on imaging specificity. Photoacoustic imaging is being studied as a method that could potentially help increase the unsatisfactory specificity of ultrasound, the current first-line imaging method, which would decrease the number of unnecessary clinical interventions. We employ a digital thyroid phantom and numerical simulations to evaluate photoacoustic probe designs on their suitability for thyroid nodule risk estimation. Using the SIMPA toolkit, we examined 1080 probe configurations with varying illumination geometry, detector shape, pitch, and wavelength combinations. The performance of each probe was quantified on its sensitivity and its accuracy of oxygen saturation estimation. Optimal performance was found using wavelengths 757 and 800 nm, and a curved detector (0.5 split, 0.40 mm pitch) for external illumination. However, performance increases significantly with endotracheal illumination, using wavelengths of 700 and 800 nm, and a curved detector (0.25 split, 0.40 mm pitch). These results could provide design guidance for optimizing photoacoustic hardware, assisting with the clinical adoption of PAI, which could improve the diagnosis of thyroid nodules.

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