周末战士与规律身体活动模式与韩国成年人高血压患病率在社会经济地位上的关联

摘要(中文译文)

有证据表明，“周末战士”型身体活动（PA）模式（每周1-2天）与较低的高血压风险相关，但该关联是否因社会经济地位（SES）而异尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨在韩国成年人中，“周末战士”型PA模式与高血压患病率之间的关联是否因SES而异。我们分析了2018-2023年韩国国家健康与营养调查中的28,039名成年人（年龄≥19岁）。PA模式被分为不活动、活动不足、周末战士或规律活动。受教育程度（高中及以下 vs. 大学及以上）和家庭收入（Q1-Q2 vs. Q3-Q4）被用作SES的替代指标。高血压定义为收缩压≥140 mmHg、舒张压≥90 mmHg、医生诊断或使用降压药物。多变量logistic回归按受教育程度和家庭收入水平分层，估计各PA模式下高血压患病的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。在28,039名成年人中，8,842名（31.5%）患有高血压。在多变量校正模型中，与不活动参与者相比，活动不足（OR，0.85；95% CI，0.77-0.93）、周末战士（OR，0.74；95% CI，0.59-0.92）和规律活动（OR，0.84；95% CI，0.77-0.91）PA模式均与较低的高血压患病比值相关。受教育程度与周末战士之间对高血压患病的交互作用不显著（交互作用P = 0.349），而观察到家庭收入与周末战士之间存在显著交互作用（交互作用P = 0.049），在低收入成年人中反向关联更为明显。包括周末战士模式在内的PA模式与韩国成年人较低的高血压患病比值相关。周末战士模式与高血压之间的反向关联似乎因家庭收入水平而异，在低收入成年人中反向关联更为明显。需要在大型纵向队列中开展进一步研究以证实这些发现。

Abstract

Evidence shows that the weekend warrior physical activity (PA) pattern (1-2 days/week) is associated with a lower risk of hypertension, but it is unclear whether this association differs by socioeconomic status (SES). This study aimed to examine whether the association between the weekend warrior PA pattern and prevalent hypertension differs according to SES in Korean adults. We analyzed 28,039 adults (aged ≥ 19 years) from the 2018-2023 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. PA patterns were categorized as inactive, insufficiently active, weekend warrior, or regularly active. Educational attainment (high school or less vs. college or higher) and household income (Q1-Q2 vs. Q3-Q4) were used as proxies of SES. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, a physician diagnosis, or use of antihypertensive medication. Multivariable logistic regression estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for prevalent hypertension across PA patterns, stratified by educational attainment and household income level. Among 28,039 adults, 8,842 (31.5%) had hypertension. In multivariable-adjusted models, compared with inactive participants, insufficiently active (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.77-0.93), weekend warrior (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.59-0.92), and regularly active (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.77-0.91) PA patterns were each associated with lower odds of prevalent hypertension. There was no significant educational attainment-by-weekend warrior interaction for prevalent hypertension ( for interaction = 0.349), whereas a significant household income-by- weekend warrior interaction was observed ( for interaction = 0.049), with a more pronounced inverse association among lower-income adults. PA patterns, including the weekend warrior pattern, were associated with lower odds of prevalent hypertension among Korean adults. The inverse association between the weekend warrior pattern and hypertension appeared to differ by household income level, with a more pronounced inverse association among lower-income adults. Further studies in large longitudinal cohorts are warranted to confirm these findings.

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