MASLD中的巨噬细胞：从炎症和代谢串扰到运动干预
Macrophages in MASLD: from inflammatory and metabolic crosstalk to exercise intervention.
摘要(中文译文)
代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病（MASLD）给公共卫生带来沉重负担，目前尚无获批疗法。肝脏巨噬细胞是MASLD发病机制的核心。本综述总结了MASLD的临床谱系及肝脏巨噬细胞的异质性，涵盖经典M1/M2极化以及单细胞转录组学鉴定的新型亚群。除已被广泛认识的炎症作用外，本文还重点阐述了巨噬细胞通过非炎症机制参与胰岛素抵抗和脂肪变性的过程。重要的是，本文建立了一个新框架，将运动定位为系统性整合者。在该框架中，运动同时抑制脂肪来源的促炎输入并放大肌肉来源的保护性信号，从而重塑多器官通讯以重编程肝脏巨噬细胞功能。最后，本文整合证据表明，运动可重新极化巨噬细胞、重塑肝内免疫格局，并通过运动诱导因子介导肌肉-肝脏通讯。综上，本综述为理解MASLD中以巨噬细胞为中心的机制提供了框架，并强调生活方式干预是一种有前景的治疗策略。
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) places a heavy burden on public health, with no approved therapies. Hepatic macrophages are central to MASLD pathogenesis. In this review, the clinical spectrum of MASLD and the heterogeneity of liver macrophages are summarized, covering classical M1/M2 polarization and novel subsets identified by single-cell transcriptomics. Beyond the well-recognized inflammatory roles, non-inflammatory mechanisms through which macrophages contribute to insulin resistance and steatosis are also highlighted. Importantly, a novel framework is established, which positions exercise as a systemic integrator. In this framework, exercise simultaneously dampens adipose-derived pro-inflammatory inputs while amplifying muscle-derived protective signals, thereby rewiring multi-organ communication to reprogram hepatic macrophage function. Finally, evidence is integrated, showing that exercise re-polarizes macrophages, reshapes intrahepatic immune landscape, and mediates muscle-liver communication through exercise-induced factors. Together, this review provides a framework for understanding macrophage-centered mechanisms in MASLD, and highlights lifestyle intervention as a promising therapeutic strategy.
如何引用
AMA
Yi Sun. Macrophages in MASLD: from inflammatory and metabolic crosstalk to exercise intervention.. Frontiers in immunology. 2026; doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1894884.
APA
Yi Sun (2026). Macrophages in MASLD: from inflammatory and metabolic crosstalk to exercise intervention.. Frontiers in immunology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1894884
GB/T 7714
Yi Sun. Macrophages in MASLD: from inflammatory and metabolic crosstalk to exercise intervention.[J]. Frontiers in immunology, 2026 doi:10.3389/fimmu.2026.1894884.
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