神经发育障碍中的髓鞘改变：整合临床与临床前证据
Myelin Alteration in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Integrating Clinical and Preclinical Evidence.
摘要(中文译文)
髓鞘形成是一个基本的神经生物学过程，能够实现快速高效的神经信号传导，在塑造大脑连接与功能方面发挥关键作用——尤其在早期发育阶段。鉴于髓鞘形成的高能量消耗和严格的发展时间窗口，髓鞘形成或维持的紊乱会增加关键期对遗传和环境因素的易感性。因此，髓鞘形成受损和少突胶质细胞功能障碍可能参与多种神经发育障碍（NDDs）的发病机制。本综述综合了关于髓鞘相关改变在NDDs病理生理学中作用的现有知识——包括孤独症谱系障碍（ASD）、注意缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）、胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）、智力发育障碍以及交流、运动和特定学习障碍——整合了动物模型和人类研究的发现。综上所述，证据表明髓鞘相关通路代表了跨多种障碍的共同易感点，并可能为干预提供潜在靶点。
Abstract
Myelination is a fundamental neurobiological process that enables rapid and efficient neural signal transmission, playing a key role in shaping brain connectivity and function-particularly during early development. Given the high energetic cost and tight developmental timing of myelination, disruptions in myelin formation or maintenance can increase vulnerability to genetic and environmental factors during critical periods. As such, impaired myelination and oligodendrocyte dysfunction may contribute to the pathogenesis of various neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). This review synthesizes current knowledge on the role of myelin-related changes in the pathophysiology of NDDs-including Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD), intellectual developmental disorders, and communication, motor, and specific learning disorders-integrating findings from both animal models and human research. Taken together, the evidence suggests that myelin-related pathways represent a common point of vulnerability across disorders and may offer a potential target for intervention.
如何引用
AMA
Justyna Lubińska, Maya Śliwa, Małgorzata Filip, Jolanta H Kotlińska, Irena Smaga. Myelin Alteration in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Integrating Clinical and Preclinical Evidence.. Current neuropharmacology. 2026; doi:10.2174/011570159X472591260627204133.
APA
Justyna Lubińska, Maya Śliwa, Małgorzata Filip, Jolanta H Kotlińska, Irena Smaga (2026). Myelin Alteration in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Integrating Clinical and Preclinical Evidence.. Current neuropharmacology. https://doi.org/10.2174/011570159X472591260627204133
GB/T 7714
Justyna Lubińska, Maya Śliwa, Małgorzata Filip, Jolanta H Kotlińska, Irena Smaga. Myelin Alteration in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Integrating Clinical and Preclinical Evidence.[J]. Current neuropharmacology, 2026 doi:10.2174/011570159X472591260627204133.
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