强化护理干预、血糖变异性与2型糖尿病住院结局：一项回顾性队列研究
Enhanced Nursing Intervention, Glycemic Variability, And In-Hospital Outcomes In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
摘要(中文译文)
本研究探讨了强化护理干预与2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者血糖变异性及短期住院结局之间的关联。采用回顾性队列设计，连续纳入2022年12月至2025年12月期间住院的T2DM患者。通过倾向性评分匹配（1：1）平衡年龄、性别、病程及基线用药情况，最终纳入接受强化护理的患者50例和接受常规护理的患者50例。强化护理包括饮食与运动指导、心理疏导、自我管理教育及持续葡萄糖监测。主要结局包括血糖变异性指标，包括血糖标准差、平均血糖波动幅度、最大血糖波动幅度、变异系数及目标范围内时间。次要结局包括住院参数，包括住院时长、再入院率、低血糖事件及护理满意度。匹配后，两组基线特征具有可比性。与常规护理组相比，强化护理组的血糖变异性指标显著降低，空腹及餐后血糖水平亦显著降低（p < 0.05）。住院结局亦显著改善，包括住院时长缩短（p < 0.05）、30天再入院率降低（2.0% vs. 14.0%，p = 0.027）及低血糖事件减少（6.0% vs. 24.0%，p = 0.012）。多因素回归分析确定强化护理为与血糖变异性降低（B = -7.892，p < 0.001）及住院时长缩短（B = -3.112，p < 0.001）相关的独立保护因素。这些发现提示，强化护理干预与T2DM患者血糖稳定性改善及短期住院结局优化相关。
Abstract
This study investigated the association between enhanced nursing intervention and glycemic variability, as well as short-term hospitalization outcomes, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A retrospective cohort design was employed, consecutively enrolling hospitalized patients with T2DM from December 2022 to December 2025. Propensity score matching (1:1) was performed to balance age, sex, disease duration, and baseline medication use, resulting in 50 patients receiving enhanced nursing care and 50 receiving routine care. Enhanced nursing included dietary and exercise guidance, psychological counseling, self-management education, and continuous glucose monitoring. Primary outcomes included glycemic variability metrics, including standard deviation of blood glucose, mean amplitude of glycemic excursions, largest amplitude of glycemic excursions, coefficient of variation, and time in range. Secondary outcomes included hospitalization parameters, including length of stay, readmission rate, hypoglycemic events, and nursing satisfaction. After matching, baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. Compared with the routine care group, the enhanced nursing group demonstrated significantly lower glycemic variability indicators and reduced fasting and postprandial glucose levels (p < 0.05). Hospitalization outcomes also improved significantly, including shorter length of stay (p < 0.05), lower 30-day readmission rate (2.0% vs. 14.0%, p = 0.027), and fewer hypoglycemic events (6.0% vs. 24.0%, p = 0.012). Multivariate regression analysis identified enhanced nursing as an independent protective factor associated with reduced glycemic variability (B = -7.892, p < 0.001) and shorter hospitalization duration (B = -3.112, p < 0.001). These findings suggest that enhanced nursing intervention is associated with improved glycemic stability and better short-term hospitalization outcomes in patients with T2DM.
如何引用
AMA
Haiyan Ye, Yinpei Ma, Lixin Yan, Yang Yang, Chenxi Wei. Enhanced Nursing Intervention, Glycemic Variability, And In-Hospital Outcomes In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study.. Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE. 2026; doi:10.3791/71439.
APA
Haiyan Ye, Yinpei Ma, Lixin Yan, Yang Yang, Chenxi Wei (2026). Enhanced Nursing Intervention, Glycemic Variability, And In-Hospital Outcomes In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study.. Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE. https://doi.org/10.3791/71439
GB/T 7714
Haiyan Ye, Yinpei Ma, Lixin Yan, Yang Yang, Chenxi Wei. Enhanced Nursing Intervention, Glycemic Variability, And In-Hospital Outcomes In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study.[J]. Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2026 doi:10.3791/71439.
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