糖尿病足综合管理的进展和挑战：从全科医学角度的叙述性综述
Advances and Challenges in the Comprehensive Management of Diabetic Foot: A Narrative Review from a General Practice Perspective.
摘要(中文译文)
糖尿病足是糖尿病最严重的并发症之一，具有起病隐匿、致残率高、治疗费用高昂等特点，构成全球重大公共卫生问题。本文从全科医学视角综述2025年糖尿病足管理的最新进展。本叙述性综述从全科医学视角综合了当前关于糖尿病足管理的文献。对PubMed、Embase和Web of Science进行了全面检索，主要聚焦于2025年发表的前沿研究以捕捉最新进展，同时纳入早期标志性研究以提供基础背景。综述表明，10g尼龙单丝试验和足背动脉触诊等简单技术仍是初级保健筛查的关键手段。与此同时，人工智能和多组学技术为高危足的精准预测提供了新方法。此外，全科医学与专科诊疗的整合以及数字健康干预显著提升了全周期管理的效能。然而，在适当初级保健技术的广泛采用、以全科医生为主导的多学科团队（MDT）路径的实施以及卫生经济学评价方面仍存在挑战。本文综合2025年研究的证据，为构建包含基层首诊管理、双向转诊和急慢分治的糖尿病足防控体系提供参考。文章强调了全科医生在弥合先进专科诊疗与基层实践之间差距中的关键作用。
Abstract
Diabetic foot is one of the most severe complications of diabetes, characterized by insidious onset, high disability rates, and substantial treatment costs, posing a major global public health issue. This article reviews the latest advancements in diabetic foot management in 2025 from a general practice perspective. This narrative review synthesizes current literature on diabetic foot management from a general practice perspective. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted, primarily focusing on cutting-edge studies published in 2025 to capture the latest advancements, while also incorporating landmark earlier research for foundational context. The review indicates that simple techniques, such as the 10-g monofilament test and dorsalis pedis artery palpation, remain crucial for primary care screening. Meanwhile, artificial intelligence and multi-omics technologies provide novel approaches for the precise prediction of high-risk feet. Additionally, the integration of general practice and specialized care, along with digital health interventions, significantly enhances the efficacy of whole-cycle management. However, challenges persist in the widespread adoption of appropriate primary care techniques, the implementation of multidisciplinary team (MDT) pathways led by general practitioners, and the evaluation of health economics. This article synthesizes evidence from 2025 research to inform the development of a diabetic foot prevention and control system that includes primary care first-visit management, bidirectional referral, and acute-chronic differentiation. It highlights the pivotal role of general practitioners in bridging the gap between advanced specialized care and grassroots practice.
如何引用
AMA
Ruyi Shao, Xudong Lv. Advances and Challenges in the Comprehensive Management of Diabetic Foot: A Narrative Review from a General Practice Perspective.. Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy. 2026; doi:10.2147/DMSO.S614749.
APA
Ruyi Shao, Xudong Lv (2026). Advances and Challenges in the Comprehensive Management of Diabetic Foot: A Narrative Review from a General Practice Perspective.. Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy. https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S614749
GB/T 7714
Ruyi Shao, Xudong Lv. Advances and Challenges in the Comprehensive Management of Diabetic Foot: A Narrative Review from a General Practice Perspective.[J]. Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy, 2026 doi:10.2147/DMSO.S614749.
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