进化人类学方法的多样化：自拍摄影作为人类行为准自然观察的工具

摘要(中文译文)

对人类行为的全面进化解释要求同时考虑生物学、地方生态学和文化。历史上，进化人类学通过自然主义观察整合了这些维度，这种观察提供了对行为如何在日常环境中展开的直接洞察。然而，在许多当代情境中，由于进入私人空间存在困难，传统的观察方法变得不切实际，导致此类方法的衰落。尽管进化人类学家已逐渐转向实验研究和更大规模的数据集，但直接观察所提供的语境丰富性并不容易被其他方法所替代。为此，并且鉴于对探究机制和方法多样化的兴趣重新兴起，我们引入并反思了自我摄影法——一种参与者通过照片记录其生活各方面的视觉方法——作为进化人类学中一种实用的、准自然主义的观察工具。在其局限性范围内，这种创造性的、由参与者主导的方法可能有助于恢复自然主义观察的部分优势，同时适应当代田野研究场景。

Abstract

A comprehensive evolutionary account of human behavior demands simultaneous consideration of biology, local ecology, and culture. Historically, evolutionary anthropology integrated these dimensions through naturalistic observations which offered direct insight into how behaviors unfold within everyday settings. However, in many contemporary contexts, traditional observations are impractical due to challenges in accessing private spaces, contributing to the decline of such methods. While evolutionary anthropologists have gradually pivoted to experimentation and larger datasets, the contextual richness afforded by direct observation is not readily replaced by other approaches. In response, and in light of renewed interest in investigating mechanisms and methodological diversification, we introduce and reflect on autophotography-a visual method in which participants document aspects of their lives through photographs-as a pragmatic, quasi‑naturalistic observational tool for evolutionary anthropology. Within its limitations, this creative, participant‑led approach may help recover some strengths of naturalistic observation while adapting to contemporary field sites.

如何引用

Evolutionary anthropology 的其他文献

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