胆道癌中的类器官：建模策略和翻译应用的进展
Organoids in biliary tract cancers: Advances in modeling strategies and translational applications.
摘要(中文译文)
胆道类器官作为一种新兴的三维（3D）体外建模技术，在研究胆道发育、阐明疾病机制、药物筛选以及实现个性化医疗方面已展现出重要价值。本文综述了当前构建胆道类器官的策略，包括其细胞来源、分化路径和功能特征，重点阐述了其在再现胆道生理、构建胆道癌（BTCs）模型以及开展药理学和毒理学评估方面的优势与局限性。文章进一步分析了主要技术挑战，如建模效率低、结构和功能保真度有限、缺乏微环境模拟以及标准化和伦理问题。在多功能细胞共培养系统、动态培养技术、高通量平台和临床转化流程等方面提出了未来发展方向。作为一种多功能且不断发展的工具，胆道类器官有望成为基础研究与临床应用之间的关键桥梁，为胆道癌的研究和精准治疗提供新的见解和方法。
Abstract
Biliary organoids, as an emerging three-dimensional (3D) in vitro modeling technology, have demonstrated significant value in studying biliary development, elucidating disease mechanisms, drug screening, and enabling personalized medicine. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current strategies for constructing biliary organoids, including their cellular sources, differentiation pathways, and functional characteristics. Particular emphasis is placed on their strengths and limitations in recapitulating biliary physiology, modeling biliary tract cancers (BTCs), and performing pharmacological and toxicological assessments. The article further analyzes major technical challenges, such as low modeling efficiency, limited structural and functional fidelity, absence of microenvironmental simulation, and issues of standardization and ethics. Future directions are proposed in the areas of multicellular co-culture systems, dynamic cultivation technologies, high-throughput platforms, and clinical translation pipelines. As a versatile and evolving tool, biliary organoids are poised to serve as a critical bridge between basic research and clinical applications, offering new insights and methodologies for the study and precision treatment of biliary tract cancers.
如何引用
AMA
Xiao-Hu Yang, Dong-Yang Liu, Wei Zhao, Cheng-Wei Yang, Jun-Xia Wang, Hao Yao. Organoids in biliary tract cancers: Advances in modeling strategies and translational applications.. Critical reviews in oncology/hematology. 2026; doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2026.105468.
APA
Xiao-Hu Yang, Dong-Yang Liu, Wei Zhao, Cheng-Wei Yang, Jun-Xia Wang, Hao Yao (2026). Organoids in biliary tract cancers: Advances in modeling strategies and translational applications.. Critical reviews in oncology/hematology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.critrevonc.2026.105468
GB/T 7714
Xiao-Hu Yang, Dong-Yang Liu, Wei Zhao, Cheng-Wei Yang, Jun-Xia Wang, Hao Yao. Organoids in biliary tract cancers: Advances in modeling strategies and translational applications.[J]. Critical reviews in oncology/hematology, 2026 doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2026.105468.
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